Embryology

Question 1

From which germ layer are somites derived?

Answer 1

Para axial mesoderm

Question 2

What is ootidogenesis?

Answer 2

1st and 2nd meiotic divisions during oogenesis

Question 3

From which germ layer do kidneys develop?

Answer 3

Intermediate mesoderm

Question 4

What is the embryological origin of muscles of facial expression?

Answer 4

Second pharyngeal arch

Question 5

After fertilisation, how long before the blastocyst hatches from the zone pellucida?

Answer 5

5-7 days

Question 6

What is the embryological origin of the thyroid cartilage and cricothyroid muscle?

Answer 6

4th pharyngeal arch

Question 7

What is the embryological origin of the trigeminal nerve (V2, V3)?

Answer 7

1st pharyngeal arch

Question 8

At what gestational age is meconium first found in the foetal terminal ileum?

Answer 8

10-12/40

Question 9

Which hormones control alveolar morphogenesis during pregnancy?

Answer 9

Progesterone, prolactin, hPL

Question 10

Which hormones stimulate ductal morphogenesis?

Answer 10

Oestrogen, growth hormone

Question 11

What is luteoplacental shift?

Answer 11

Takeover of placenta from corpus luteum
Occurs 6-8 weeks

Question 12

Embryological origin of ribs

Answer 12

Mesodermal somite

Question 13

Effect of warfarin on the foetus

Answer 13

Stippled epiphyses (ossification of long bone growth plates)
Hypoplasia of nasal bridge
Laryngomalacia
Pectus carinatum
Ventriculomegaly
Agenesis of corpus collosum
Telebrachydactyly
Growth retardation

Question 14

How many days after fertilisation does blastocyst form

Answer 14

5

Question 15

Which germ layer does GI tract develop from

Answer 15

Endoderm

Question 16

What kind of Hb is found in a 6/52 old baby?

Answer 16

Hb Gower 1 (a form of embryonic Hb made by yolk sac) lasts til around 6/52 of age

Question 17

At what gestation is the yolk sac largest?

Answer 17

10/40

Question 18

To which part of the egg does the sperm bind?

Answer 18

Zona Pellucida

Question 19

Genetic mutation associated with congenital adrenal hypoplasia

Answer 19

CYP21A

Question 20

Gestation at which foetus begins to produce urine

Answer 20

8-11 weeks

Question 21

When is embryonic pole first visible on TVUS

Answer 21

5+3/40

Usually measures 3mm

Question 22

Embryological origin of intrinsic muscles of larynx

Answer 22

6th pharyngeal arch

Question 23

Normal diameter of yolk sac on USS

Answer 23

6mm

Question 24

When does the foetus start making foetal immunuloglobulin M

Answer 24

10/40

Question 25

Where in the foetus is AFP produced?

Answer 25

Liver But also yolk sac, GI tract

Question 26

Role of DHEA

Answer 26

Produced by foetal adrenal gland Stimulates placenta to make oestragen Oestragen maintains pregnancy

Question 27

At what gestation does foetal meconium first appear in terminal ilium?

Answer 27

10-16/40

Question 28

Embryological origin of GI tract

Answer 28

Endoderm

Question 29

Embryological origin of epidermis

Answer 29

Ectoderm

Question 30

Embryological origin of dermis

Answer 30

Mesoderm

Question 31

What structure(s) arise from lateral plate mesoderm

Answer 31

Membranes in général Pleura Pericardium Peritoneum Visceral and parietal

Question 32

What structures arise from endoderm

Answer 32

Lining of: GI tract Resp tract Urinary bladder Parenchyma of: Liver Pancreas Thyroid and parathyroid

Question 33

Ureteric bud embryological origin

Answer 33

Mesonephric duct