embryology of GI development

Question 1

parietal peritoneum derviative

Answer 1

somatic mesoderm

Question 2

visceral peritoneum derivitive

Answer 2

splanchnic mesoderm

Question 3

when does GI development begin and end

Answer 3

week 3- week 12
1st trimester

Question 4

what initiates crania-caudal and lateral body folding

Answer 4

increased growth and proliferation of cells on the dorsal side

Question 5

septum transversum forms what

Answer 5

diaphragm

Question 6

what does crania-caudal body folding lead to

Answer 6

expansion of amniotic cavity and contraction of the yolk cavity

Question 7

what does the gut tub run between

Answer 7

oropharyngeal membrane and the cloacal membrane

Question 8

connection between gut tube and yolk sac

Answer 8

vitelline duct or the omphalomesenteric duct

Question 9

what does the intraembryonic coelom become

Answer 9

peritoneal cavity

Question 10

gut tube (endoderm) is surrounded by

Answer 10

splanchnic mesoderm

Question 11

what lines the inner body wall and parts of the limbs (ectoderm)

Answer 11

somatic mesoderm

Question 12

foregut is supplied by

Answer 12

celiac artery

Question 13

midgut is supplied by

Answer 13

superior mesenteric artery

Question 14

hindgut is supplied by

Answer 14

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 15

lower duodenum is what

Answer 15

midgut

Question 16

super duodenum is what

Answer 16

foregut

Question 17

dorsal mesentery is derived from

Answer 17

splanchnic mesoderm

Question 18

retroperitoneal

Answer 18

all organs excluded from peritoneal cavity that were never suspended by dorsal mesentery
- or organs anterior to peritoneal cavity

Question 19

intraperitoneal

Answer 19

organs suspended by dorsal mesentery or surrounded by visceral peritoneum

Question 20

what makes peritoneal fluid

Answer 20

mesodermal cells of the peritoneum

Question 21

ventral mesentery becomes

Answer 21

falciform ligament
lesser omentum
coronary ligament
triangular ligament

Question 22

dorsal mesentery becomes

Answer 22

greater omentum
mesentery of small intestine
mesoappendix
transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon

Question 23

trachea esophageal septum causes

Answer 23

separation of esophagus and trachea

Question 24

stomach rotation

Answer 24

rotation to the left and movement to ventral side
generates the lesser sac

Question 25

dorsal wall of stomach forms

Answer 25

greater curvature

Question 26

ventral wall of stomach forms

Answer 26

lesser curvature

Question 27

ventral stomach innervated by

Answer 27

left vagus

Question 28

dorsal stomach innervated by

Answer 28

right vagus

Question 29

greater omentum comes from the

Answer 29

dorsal mesogastrium

Question 30

liver arises from the

Answer 30

hepatic diverticulum

Question 31

hepatoblasts form from what via what

Answer 31

hepatocytes via notch signaling

Question 32

parenchyma/hepatocytes come from what germ layer

Answer 32

endoderm

Question 33

non-parenchyma of the liver comes from what germ layer

Answer 33

splanchnic mesoderm

Question 34

main function of the fetal liver is

Answer 34

hematopoesis

Question 35

precursor of galbladder

Answer 35

cystic diverticulum

Question 36

the bile duct starts as _____, then becomes ______ through _______

Answer 36

closed, open, recanalization

Question 37

ventral pancreas forms from the

Answer 37

hepatic plate

Question 38

ventral pancreatic bud rates to the left and fuses with

Answer 38

dorsal bud

Question 39

what parts of the pancreatic duct regress

Answer 39

proximal 1/3 of dorsal and distal 2/3 of ventral

Question 40

major duodenal papilla or ampulla of vater drains what

Answer 40

galbladder and pancreas

Question 41

biliary emesisis looks like what and where is the constriction

Answer 41

green- below ampulla of vater

Question 42

non bilious emesis looks like what and where is the constriction

Answer 42

not green, above the ampulla

Question 43

pancreas and duodenum are what

Answer 43

retroperitoneum

Question 44

spleen is derived from

Answer 44

mesoderm

Question 45

primary intestinal loop becomes what

Answer 45

cranial part: small intestine caudal part: colon

Question 46

phases of gut rotation

Answer 46

herniation: gut tub goes into umbillicus retraction: gut tube pulled back into peritoneum

Question 47

when is the herniation phase

Answer 47

week 6

Question 48

when is the retraction phase

Answer 48

week 10 and 11

Question 49

intraperitoneal structures

Answer 49

transverse colon jejunum and ileum cecum appendix sigmoid colon

Question 50

secondarily retroperitoneal viscera

Answer 50

ascending colon and descending colon pancreas duodeunum

Question 51

retroperitoneal viscera

Answer 51

thoracic esophagus rectum

Question 52

the urorectral septum splits

Answer 52

the cloaca into urogenital sinus and anorectal canal

Question 53

rectum is formed from and drained by

Answer 53

endoderm, inferior mesenteric artery and vein of hindgut

Question 54

anus is formed from and drained by

Answer 54

ectoderm, internal iliac artery and vein

Question 55

what delineates the anus and rectum

Answer 55

pectinate line

Question 56

the internal and external anal sphincters are derived from

Answer 56

mesoderm