EMT 115 Flashcards
(163 cards)
1
Q
Define difference between
License
Certification
Credential
A
License - must be issued by a GOVERNMENT agency
Certification - is given from completion of an EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM
Credential - is given following an advanced level of examinations following rigorous PROTOCOLS
2
Q
What is the Ryan White Act?
A
The Ryan White Act is a federal law that provides certain safeguards and protections for health care workers who are exposed.
3
Q
Define Informed Consent
A
is a patient’s voluntary agreement to be treated after being told about the nature of the disease.
4
Q
Airbag: Passive or Secondary Restraint?
A
Passive, things we don’t have to think about.
5
Q
Whats the difference between Dysphagia and Dysphasia?
A
Gia - Gulping, swallowing (difficulty)
Sia - Speaking (difficulty)
6
Q
Difference between Ileum and Ilium?
A
Ileum - small intestine - e
Ilium - large pelvis - i bone
7
Q
Civil law v Criminal law
A
Civil - sue, malpractice
Criminal - prosecute
8
Q
Ethics v Law
A
Ethics are principles, either personal or societal, that determine what is right and wrong.
Laws have sanctions for violations that are enforceable.
9
Q
Define difference between
Defamation
Libel
Slander
A
Defamation - false statement, written or verbal
Libel - written
Slander - oral
10
Q
What is the medical practice act?
A
Defines the skills of each type of medical person
11
Q
Explain due regard when driving?
A
Drive to emergency calls, “with the proper care or concern” for other drivers and the laws
12
Q
GCS (AND SCORE)
A
Between 3-15
M motor response 6-1
V verbal response 5-1
E eye response 4-1
13
Q
What are the 10 rights
A
Right patient Right medication Right dose Right route Right time
Right Documentation
Right Education
Right Evaluation
Right to Refuse
Right Assessment
14
Q
What are the 4 E’s of injury prevention
A
Education - Inform people about potential dangers
Enforcement - Behavior change can be facilitated by changes in the law.
Economic incentives - Saving money by receiving a reduction in your insurance
Engineering/Environment- making environmental changes or changing the way certain products are designed.
15
Q
Simplex v Duplex v Multiplex
A
Simplex is the basic radio system with all transmissions on the same frequency. Usually restricted to line of sight
Duplex uses a pair of frequencies. Transmissions are received on one signal and transmitted on a second signal.
Multiplex uses radio to carry many streams of radio and or data. Some multiplex systems send both voice and ECG data
16
Q
Pnea
A
Respirations, Breath
17
Q
Megaly
A
Irregular, enlargement
18
Q
Lysis
A
Decomposition, breaking down
19
Q
Phasia
A
Speech
20
Q
Phagia
A
Eating, swallowing
21
Q
Pathy
A
Feeling, treating disease
22
Q
Algia
A
PAIN - AL-OWWWWW
23
Q
Itis
A
Inflamed
24
Q
Emia
A
Blood
25
Ectomy
Removal of something
26
Ostomy
To make an opening, ( O hole )
27
Osis
ABNORMAL condition
28
MI
Myocardial Infarction
29
SOB
Shortness of Breath
30
PO
Per O (by mouth)
31
NPO
Nothing by Mouth
32
PRN
As Needed (pro re nata)
33
BSA
Body Surface Area
34
CVA
Stroke CerebroVascular Accident
35
NSAID
Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drug
36
ASA
Aspirin
37
CABG
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
38
qd
Every day
39
LLQ
Left lower quadrant
40
PMH
Past Medical History
41
Word for clammy skin
Diaphoresis
42
Dys
Bad
43
Endo
Inner
44
Hyper
High
45
Macro
Large
46
Neo
New
47
Para
Alongside
48
Ante
Before
49
Epi
Upon
50
Retro
Back, backward
51
Supra
Above
52
Trans
Across
53
Circum
Surrounding
54
A/An
Without
55
Define Sagital
Left and right
56
Define transverse
Up and down
57
Convert mg to mcg
1 mg = 1,000mcg
58
Blood sugar abbreviation
BGL
59
For Drug calcs
| what must you get from a question
Desired - what is ordered, what are they asking for
Weight - patient weight in kg
Volume - in mL
Drip - drip rate
__________________________________ over
Have - how much med do you have converted to same measurement as desired
Time - how many mins
60
When and how do you round in in drug calcs
kg and drops = round to whole numbers
7.45 = 8kg
Dosage is rounded to nearest tenth
145.26 = 145.3
61
What two parts go to the bottom of a drug calc
Have and Time
62
Explain the 10% rule for drug calcs
If the fluid added is less than 10% then you dont need to remove any fluid.
250 ml + 25 ml = 250ml
But
100 ml + 25ml you need to remove 25ml
75ml + 25 ml = 100 ml
63
Subjective v Objective with examples
Subjective What you are told:
victim/patient/witness/engine company that moved patient or did patient care prior to you getting there. Includes: HPI, SAMPLE, OPQRST, Hx, RX, allergies (all as individual line items)
Objective What you see/hear/feel/smell
Initial impression, describe the scene, mental status, patient behavior
64
How many mg are in 472 mcg
0.472mg
65
How many lbs are in a kg
2.2lbs
66
Certification v Licensure v Credential
Cert - National Registry Test, pass to get certified - FROM EDUCATION
License - pass nat registry test then take Maryland state protocol, pass to get licensed - FROM STATE
Credential - Once cut loose from ride-a-longs to work on your own you have become credentialed - FROM PROTOCOLS
67
What does HEENT mean
Head, ears, eyes, nose, and throat
Goes in its own section after objective with pearl
68
What is PEARL
Pupils equal and reactive to light
Goes in its own section after objective then HEENT
69
What does loco parentis mean
In the place of a parent
70
Components of negligence (4)
Duty to act - have legal duty to the patient to act
Breach of duty - did not fulfill duty
Proximate Cause - the breach cause the injury
Harm - Injury caused by paramedics negligence
71
Rhinorrhea is
Runny nose
72
Sagittal plane divides
Left and right halves
73
A new Surgical creation of colon is
Colostomy
74
Inflammation of the liver
Hepatitis
75
Removal of the spleen
Splenectomy
76
Example of an nsaid
Ibuprofen
77
Oto abbreviation meaning
Meaning ear
78
Cardiomegaly is
Enlarged heart
79
Stroke to the sole of the foot is
The Babinski reflex
80
Excessive potassium in the blood is called
Hyperkalemia
81
Hypercapnea is
Insufficient carbon dioxide in the blood stream
82
Nephr
Kidneys
83
Lingu
Tongue
84
Pharyng
Throat
85
Dys
Difficult or painful
86
PRN
As needed
87
UE
Upper Extremity
88
Cx
Chest
89
Icp
Inter-Cranial Pressure
90
APAP
AcetaminoPhen
91
AC
AnetCubital fossa
92
TCP
TransCutaneous Pacing
93
TCA
TriCyclic Antidepressant
94
Parts of a SOAPE report in order
Subjective - told to you by patient, Hx, Rx, Allegies, LOI, HPI, Denies (denies chest pain)
Objective - what you saw, mental status, kg, where was damage, bls treatments, HEENT, PEARL Skin chest, lung sounds and 12 lead, ab, pelvis, back extremities, stroke scale, apgar
Assessment - Field Diagnosis - What you think is wrong with the patient, Rule out or possible
Plan - Everything you did for the patient in order, BSI/SS, ABCs, including all transport information, how patient was secured, and rails up on hospital bed, etc, DETAILS!!!
Evaluation - 2 sets of Vitals, After plan what does patient state
95
Levity v Lividity
Levity - humor or frivolity, humor during serious matter
Lividity - LIV - reddish to bluish discoloration of the skin due to pooling of blood following death
96
Primary Injury Prevention v Secondary Injury Prevention
Primary - Things that we do to prevent injuries from ever happening: Helmets in sports/biking.
Secondary injury prevention: Things we do to keep the injury from getting worse: Splinting with joint above and below immobilized.
97
What are 4 Ways of Proving Negligence
a. Duty to act (you had to take care of them)
b. Breach of duty (you didn’t do it)
c. Breach has an effect (they are further injured by your breach)
d. Proximate cause (your “bad” or negligent act caused them to be further injured)
98
PG Social Services Number
301-909-7000
99
Give Examples of Crew Resource Management
1. Use a checklist
2. Communicate with Clarity (designate a safe word)
3. Anybody can question anything at anytime.
100
Give an Example of Malfeasance
if we do a field amputation that is malfeasance on our part.
Mal - Occurs when you perform an act you were not authorized to do.
101
You need to give 2mg of medication XYZ to your patient. It comes in 0.5mg tablets.
How many tablets will you give?
4 Tablets
102
What do you need (and need to do for) for a Patient Refusal?
Patient must be AAOx4
Must give informed consent
Document everything you said to patient
103
Implied v Informed v Expressed Consent
Implied - A normal person would accept help, i.e. an unconscious person
Informed - You explain why, and patient understands
Expressed - Patient asks you for help
104
Edema
Swelling
105
Paresis
Weakness
106
Itis
Inflammation
107
Rrhea
Discharge/flow
108
Pnea
Breathing
109
Oma
Tumor
110
Define Assault
Assault occurs when a person instills the fear of bodily harm
111
Define Defamation
Making a false statement through written or verbal
112
Define Libel
A WRITTEN false statement
113
Define Slander
A false ORAL Statement
114
What defines an Emancipated Minor
A minor that is under 18 but
emancipated by court order, marriage, during pregnancy, or active military service
patient needs proof that they are not a minor
115
Malfeasance v Misfeasance v Nonfeasance
Mal - performing an act you were never authorized to do
Mis - improperly performing an act
Non - Failure to perform an act
116
DNR vs MOLST
DNR - applies to patients who are in cardiac arrest
MOLST - (more detailed) provisions that address CPR, Intubation, and palliative care
117
1000mcg = mg
1 mg
118
What is a micro drip set
60 gtts/mL
119
What are some MACRO drip sets
Anything not 60
10 gtts/mL
15 gtts/mL
120
1 mg = how many g
1mg = 0.001 g
121
1 Tbsp = how many mL
1 tbsp = 15mL
122
In your SOAPE Report where would you put how you left the patient with the rails on the hospital bed up
P - Plan, in the plan section give full description of everything you did
123
In your SOAPE Report what would you put in your Assessment
2 Things
Primary Impression- Sepsis Possible- Bacterial Infection
(give idea of what your think is the problem)
RULE OUT - WHAT ITS NOT
124
In your SOAPE Report where would you put VS 1 (first set of vital)
At the end of Objective
Objective has HEENT, PERRL
125
Define Tort
the wrongful act that causes a civil suit.
Unintentional tort = negligence
Intentional tort = harm
126
Define Coronal Plane
Front and Back
127
Name the 6 C's of Communication
Complete - Give all information
Concise - To the point
Congruency - between verbal and non verbal forms
Courteous - Nice tone of voice
Cohesive - One thing at a time
Clear - Understandable
128
Leading cause of Death in America
```
#1 Heart Disease
#2 Cancer
```
#1 for Children - Unintentional Injuries
129
Active Listening Techniques
Repeating back key parts
Wait for their answers
130
Explain Empathy on a call
Showing your patients, that you identify and understand their feelings
131
WOB
Work of Breathing
132
Pallor
Pale skin, from shock or illness
133
Hematemesis
Vomiting of Blood
134
mEq
milliequivalent
135
ETT
Exercise Tolerance Testing - Treadmill test
136
Chole
Bile or Gall
137
Oligo
Few or Too Few, Not Many O = Zero
138
Rx
Medical Prescription
139
SL
Sublingual
140
Hepato
Liver
141
Jaundice
A condition in which the skin and the whites of the eyes become yellow, urine darkens, and the color of stool becomes lighter than normal.
142
Cyanotic
Bluish or purplish discoloration (as of the skin and mucous membranes) due to deficient oxygenation of the blood
143
Cyanotic
Bluish or purplish discoloration (as of the skin and mucous membranes) due to deficient oxygenation of the blood
144
SQ
Sub Cutaneous
145
IO
Intraosseous - into bone marrow
146
MY
muscle
147
Pneumo
Breathing, Respirations, Lungs
148
Entero
Intestine EN - testin
149
Peri
Surrounding, Around
150
Nephron
Kidney, one of the functional units of the kidney that filters the blood
151
Tachy-pnea
Rapid - Breathing
152
Convert 93074 mcg to mg
93.074 mg
153
46789 mg to g
46.789g
154
285lbs to kg
285 divide by 2.2 = 129.27
kg and drops = round to whole numbers
Answer = 129kg
155
2g = mg = mcg
2mg = 2000mg = 2,000,000 mcg
| add 3 add 3 more
156
.0023mcg = g
.0000000023g
157
What is the Basic formula for Drug Calcs
Desired x Volume
______________
Have
158
Emesis
vomitting
159
gtts
guttae, drops per min
160
60 drops makes ____ mL
1mL
161
If a drip is not given use ____ drop set
60
162
True or False: A drip rate must be Whole Number
True, Drip must be a whole number
163
In SOAPE, where do the first set of vitals go?
Objective after
HEENT/PEARL findings:
And then detailed D-CAP BTLS, Lung sounds, etc.
VS#1:
