Randy part 2

Question 1

Question

Answer 1

Answer

Question 2

Wheezing is resolved with medications that

Answer 2

Relax bronchial smooth muscles

Question 3

In a person who normally has good mobility, most pulmonary infections occur

Answer 3

At the bases of the lungs

Question 4

A patient with orthopnea

Answer 4

Seeks a sitting position when short of breath

Question 5

A sudden increase of end-tidal CO2 may be the earliest indicator of

Answer 5

ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation)

Question 6

The most immediate danger to a deeply unconscious patient with acute alcohol intoxication is

Answer 6

Aspiration of vomitus

Question 7

Patient is found unresponsive by her husband. He notes that the patient’s respirations are slow and shallow or pulse is slow and weak and her pupils are markedly dilated. Partner begins assisting the patient’s ventilations and her blood pressure is 70/48. Husband hands you an empty bottle of phenobarbital and tells you this wife takes a medication for seizures. After establishing vascular access you should

Answer 7

Administer crystalloid fluid boluses to improve the blood pressure

Question 8

Death from acetaminophen overdose (Tylenol) is most commonly caused by

Answer 8

Liver failure

Question 9

Caring for an alcoholic patient who’s been abstinent for about 3 days from alcohol. The patient is confused, restless, and tells you that he sees snakes crawling on the walls. His blood pressure is 76/52, heart rate of 140 and weak, referring to 24 with an adequate depth. In addition to administering oxygen, you should

Answer 9

Provide fluid boluses

Question 10

What is LSD classified as?

Answer 10

Hallucinogen

Question 11

Cardiac arrest following a narcotic overdose is usually the result of

Answer 11

Respiratory arrest

Question 12

Your teenage patient has overdosed on amitriptyline. Amitriptyline falls under which group of medications? What symptoms do you expect to see?

Answer 12

Tricyclics. Altered mental status and tachycardia

Question 13

Pre-hospital management of kidney stones includes

Answer 13

Fluids and analgesia (pain management)

Question 14

Of the following injuries, which would be considered a true emergency?

Answer 14

Testicular torsion

Question 15

Classic symptoms of meningitis include

Answer 15

Headache, stiff neck, and fever

Question 16

Which sexually transmitted disease can pass from a mother to her baby during delivery through the birth canal as well as through breastfeeding?

Answer 16

HIV

Question 17

The most common EKG changes in your patients experiencing renal failure are

Answer 17

Peaked T waves, with a prolonged QRS and heart blocks

Question 18

You are dispatched to the residence for an elderly man with an altered mental status. Assessing the patient’s wife tells you that he goes to dialysis several times a week but has missed his last three treatments because their car broke down. The patient’s skin is yellow, blood pressure is 98/60, and heart rate is 118. EKG shows sinus tach with peak symmetrical T waves. Your most immediate concern should be

Answer 18

LVH (Left Ventricular Hypertrophy) - ventricular dysrhythmias

Question 19

The structural and functional unit of the kidney is

Answer 19

The nephron

Question 20

The pediatric assessment triangle includes

Answer 20

Appearance

Question 21

Your patient is a 16-month-old suspected of having bronchiolitis (RSV). What would you expect to see in this patient?

Answer 21

Thick nasal secretions

Question 22

You’re treating a child with suspected epiglottitis. What would you expect?

Answer 22

High fever

Question 23

What size cuffed ET tube would you use to intubate a normal-sized 6-year-old?

Answer 23

5

Question 24

Your 6-month-old patient was involved in a motor vehicle crash with the rollover. He opens his eyes, has speech

Answer 24

Glasgow Coma Scale is 12

Question 25

Which of the following is true regarding autism?

Answer 25

Physical exam of an autism patient should be completed slowly to decrease anxiety

Question 26

Which type of meningitis is potentially more life-threatening in the pediatric patient?

Answer 26

Bacterial

Question 27

Your five-year-old patient fell from a second-floor balcony. Your initial assessment reveals a large hematoma on the right part of his forehead. He opens his eyes when you call his name, tries to push your hand away when you start the IV, and is mumbling words you cannot understand. His vital signs are blood pressure 104/60, heart rate of 110, respirations are 12, pulse ox of nine. What should you do?

Answer 27

Provide BVM (Bag-Valve-Mask) ventilations titrated to an end-tidal CO2 of 30 to 35

Question 28

A 12-year-old boy presents with marked respiratory distress, hot moist skin, anxiety, and drooling. He is sitting with his chin thrust forward and has inspiratory stridor. According to the child's grandmother, his symptoms began suddenly about 30 minutes ago. What should you be most suspicious of?

Answer 28

Bacterial epiglottitis

Question 29

You go to the house for a vent-dependent child with respiratory distress. Upon your arrival, the child's mother tells you that the child was doing fine but then suddenly began experiencing labored breathing. She further tells you that the child's home ventilator was recently replaced with a newer one. Assessment of the child reveals that she is in marked respiratory distress and has intercostal retractions. What should be your first action?

Answer 29

Disconnect the child from the ventilator and begin BVM (Bag-Valve-Mask) ventilation

Question 30

A 4-year-old child pulled a pot of boiling water off the stove. He has circumferential burns to both legs. What percentage of his body surface area has been burned?

Answer 30

33%

Question 31

Child vocal cords can be difficult to visualize during intubation because

Answer 31

The epiglottis is floppy and U-shaped

Question 32

Length-based resuscitation tape is used to

Answer 32

Estimate the child's weight based on his or her height

Question 33

Cardiac arrest in children is usually caused by

Answer 33

Respiratory failure

Question 34

You're examining a 24-year-old patient. You palpate the fundus of the uterus at the level of the umbilicus. You estimate this patient is approximately how many weeks pregnant?

Answer 34

20-22 weeks

Question 35

You've just delivered a baby boy at one minute of life following the neonatal resuscitation protocol. Evaluation reveals central cyanosis, a heart rate greater than 100, a grimace, some flexion of extremities, and a slow and irregular respiratory effort. What is the Apgar score?

Answer 35

5

Question 36

The only two situations in which a prehospital provider should place his or her gloved hand into the woman's vagina are

Answer 36

Prolapsed cord and breech presentation

Question 37

You have cleared the airway of your newly born patient and tried to stimulate her. She is still apneic and cyanotic. What should you do?

Answer 37

Begin positive pressure ventilation at a rate of 40 to 60 breaths per minute and reassess in 30 seconds

Question 38

(12 lead, no blocks) A 56-year-old patient with seizures, blood pressure 188/108, pulse rate 48, and no reason to suspect illicit drug use. What should you do?

Answer 38

Obtain vascular access, check blood

Question 39

Your 30-year-old female patient presents with bright red vaginal bleeding and severe abdominal pain. She tells you she's 35 weeks pregnant. What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer 39

Abruptio placenta

Question 40

The leading cause of first-trimester maternal death is

Answer 40

Ectopic pregnancy

Question 41

HPV is a very common STD. HPV transmission usually results in

Answer 41

Can cause cervical cancer

Question 42

Pelvic inflammatory disease most commonly affects

Answer 42

Sexually active women

Question 43

A 23-year-old patient with sharp pain in the right lower quadrant of her abdomen that began suddenly 10 minutes ago. She says her last menstrual period was about 8 weeks ago and that she has had a small amount of vaginal bleeding for two days. She's weak, pale, and diaphoretic. What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer 43

Ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Question 44

Which of the following statements regarding the umbilical cord is correct?

Answer 44

The umbilical vein carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus

Question 45

A woman has been pregnant three times, has had two spontaneous abortions, and has carried one baby to full term. How do you document this?

Answer 45

G: 3 A: 2 P: 1

Question 46

During the second stage of labor, what happens?

Answer 46

Effacement of the cervix begins

Question 47

A 75-year-old patient complains of difficulty hearing, which came on suddenly after he began taking a new medication. This form of hearing impairment would be described as

Answer 47

Sensorineural deafness

Question 48

A 30-year-old complains of left arm and wrist pain after a ground-level fall. The patient says she fell when she was getting out of bed because her right leg would not hold her up. She also complains of feeling weak for two days. During your assessment, it is revealed that the patient is too weak to stand on her own. She says this has happened a couple of times in the last year, but, in fact, it was her left leg that was weak. In addition to any musculoskeletal injuries sustained in the fall, what is the likely diagnosis?

Answer 48

Multiple sclerosis

Question 49

What must be ruled out in the case of an acute change in mental status?

Answer 49

Medical causes

Question 50

The leading cause of death in Americans older than 65 is

Answer 50

Pneumonia

Question 51

Therapeutic doses of certain drugs may reach toxic levels in older people due to the deterioration of the

Answer 51

Liver

Question 52

Which of the following central nervous system functions does not change as a person ages?

Answer 52

Intelligence level

Question 53

Most age-related visual disturbances are the result of

Answer 53

Cataracts or glaucoma

Question 54

During the process of wound healing, what does hemostasis do?

Answer 54

Temporarily stops bleeding via vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation

Question 55

A patient with hemorrhagic shock would be expected to have

Answer 55

Widened pulse pressure

Question 56

Your patient was stabbed in the abdomen 20 minutes ago. Vital signs are 80/50, heart rate is 136, he is anxious and pale. What is the most likely stage of shock he is in?

Answer 56

Decompensated

Question 57

One of the ways the human body attempts to compensate for decreased perfusion is

Answer 57

The adrenal gland secretes EPI and norepinephrine to increase myocardial contractility

Question 58

Obstructive shock may be caused by

Answer 58

Pericardial tamponade

Question 59

Distributive shock may be caused by

Answer 59

Anaphylactic reaction

Question 60

A hypotensive bradycardic patient whose skin is warm, flushed, and dry is a classic presentation of

Answer 60

Neurogenic shock

Question 61

The physiological response to hemorrhage includes

Answer 61

Vasoconstriction

Question 62

(ECG) Unstable third-degree block. What is your treatment?

Answer 62

Initiate pacing and transport

Question 63

(ECG) Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response (RVR) rate at 72, complaining of palpitations and weakness. A 44-year-old with blood pressure of 142/90, heart rate at 172, respiration 20, and pulse ox of 96%. What medication would you administer?

Answer 63

0.25 milligrams per kilogram of diltiazem

Question 64

Side effects of albuterol may include

Answer 64

Tremors, lightheadedness, and irritability

Question 65

Prior to administering dopamine to a patient, the paramedic must ensure that the patient is

Answer 65

Not hypovolemic

Question 66

Skin turgor in an infant or child is most indicative of

Answer 66

Dehydration

Question 67

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) causes bronchodilation by

Answer 67

Antagonizing beta-2 receptors

Question 68

Which patient is likely to be easiest to intubate?

Answer 68

A 12-year-old patient who experienced sudden cardiac arrest for an unknown reason

Question 69

(Drug calculation) Dopamine label states it is 1600 mcg per mL. You've been ordered to initiate a dopamine infusion for the patient at 8 mcg/kg/min. Your patient weighs 132 pounds (60 kg). You're using a microdrip (60 gtts). What is your drip rate?

Answer 69

18 gtts/min