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809 - Exam Block 3 > Enamel I & II > Flashcards

Enamel I & II Flashcards

(82 cards)

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1
Q

responsible for origin of enamel and has ectodermal origin

A

enamel organ

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2
Q

Tooth bud undergoes _______ to establish enamel organ in the cap stage

A

morphogenesis

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3
Q

1st place of mineralization is in the

A

cusps

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4
Q

we determine shape of the crown in what stage

A

bell stage

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5
Q

thickening in SR can produce an

A

enamel cord

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6
Q

enamel formation is induced by onset of

A

dentinogenesis

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7
Q

simultaneous deposition of enamel/dentin is the ______ stage

A

appositional

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8
Q

in a mature state, enamel is ____ mineral in the form of hydroxyapatite crystals

A

96%

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9
Q

enamel does not have ____ or _____

A

collagen or keratin

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10
Q

only called an ameloblast if it’s secreting

A

enamel

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11
Q

what are the stages of the life cycle of an ameloblast

A
  1. Morphogenetic
  2. Organizing - histodifferentiation
  3. initial secretion (no Tp)
  4. secretory (Tp)
    5-6. maturative
  5. protective
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12
Q

what are the % of the ruffle border and smooth border

A

80% ruffle border
20% smooth border

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13
Q

You lose _____% of cells between the secretory and maturative stage

A

25%

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14
Q

the _____ border increases the mineralized component of the enamel

A

ruffle

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15
Q

if cells are cuboidal in the SR, what does that mean and what stage is that?

A

cuboidal stage means nothing is happening so this is the morphogenetic (resting) stage

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16
Q

IEE cells are not cuboidal and they’re ______

A

polarized

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17
Q

in the late organizing stage, the cells are

A

large & polarized

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18
Q

what is happening to basal laminate in the late organizing stage? what about to the cells of the ODP?

A

the BL is kind of breaking down

the cells of the ODP are beginning to differentiate and clump together

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19
Q

junctional complexes are present at _____ and _____ locations

A

distal & proximal

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20
Q

ameloblasts are distinguished by a

A

Tome’s process

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21
Q

proximal Tome’s process has what kind of enamel

A

interrod

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22
Q

distal Tome’s process has what kind of enamel

A

rod enamel

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23
Q

no Tome’s process has what kind of enamel

A

rodless enamel

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24
Q

Tome’s process is responsible for the structure of

A

enamel

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25
interrod enamel is produced in the ____ of the keyhole
tail
26
rod enamel is produced in the ____ of the keyhole
body
27
secretory granules are released from Tome's process which contain the following organic compounds
Amelogenins (90%) Ameloblastin Enamelin (10%)
28
immature enamel has a much higher ____ content
organic
29
can you follow rod enamel all the way to the DEJ? why or why not?
No, because rodless enamel is at the DEJ
30
at the end of the secretory stage, there is a portion of what kind of enamel
rodless
31
when ameloblasts are about to stop, there is no more
Tome's process
32
When the thickness of enamel is achieved, the ameloblasts enter the ______ stage
maturation
33
in the maturation stage there is modulation between the
ruffle and smooth borders
34
the ruffle border adds ____ and deposits into the
Ca2+ ion ; enamel
35
the proximal area of the ruffle border is ____ for _____
open ; influx
36
the smooth border adds
proteinases to break down the organic component and pinocytosis of fluids
37
the distal area in the smooth border are ____ for _____
open ; pinocytosis of proteins to break down
38
maturation means
more mineralized
39
in maturation, how do we become more mineralized?
by secreting more crystals or making them larger
40
immature enamel = no more _____ so you can't secrete more _____ aka why you can't fix _____
Tome's process ; crystals ; enamel
41
Fully mature enamel is ___ mineral
96%
42
the final stage (protective stage) is the
REE
43
the final stage (protective stage) is when the REE separates the enamel from the tissues in the ____
pulp
44
REE also plays a role in breaking down the ___ and ___ , helping the _____ of the teeth
bone and tissues ; eruption
45
REE produces odontoclasts which breaks down
dental bone and roots
46
What happens to REE? **Nasymth's Membrane**
it merges with the oral epithelium it comes out with the teeth
47
Enamel is secreted by
Tome's process
48
there is no more secretion of ameloblasts in the ____ stage so no more ____ secretion is possible
REE ; enamel
49
rods run an irregular course from ____ to ____
DEJ to surface
50
The ____ defines the convex, outer surface of the organ
OEE
51
The _____ lines the concave, inner surface of the organ. Its cuboidal cells will differentiate into ______
IEE ; ameloblasts
52
High levels of _______ are present in the SI adjoining the ameloblasts
alkaline phosphatase
53
Enamel formation is induced by the onset of
dentinogenesis
54
_____ is the hardest tissue of the body
Enamel
55
The hardness of enamel makes it a _____ substance
brittle
56
In the secretory stage, as migration occurs, a conical process, known as ___________, forms at the _______ end
Tome's process ; distal
57
amelogensis proceeds at the rate of ___ micrometers per day
4
58
Once the full thickness of enamel is achieved, the ameloblasts enter the ________ stage
maturation
59
Histodifferentiation of ameloblasts is
graded
60
Enamel _________ form the bulk of enamel
rods (prisms)
61
matrix constituting the interrod region is formed in association with the base, or _____ end of Tome’s process
proximal
62
_______ are a series of dark bands seen in both cross sections and longitudinal sections of a ground tooth
Lines of Retzius
63
____________ are seen as alternating dark and light bands extending from the DEJ to the enamel surface in longitudinal ground sections which are produced by changes in __________
Bands of Hunter-Schreger ; rod direction
64
_________ appear as linear cracks, or defects, extending through the thickness of enamel
Enamel lamellae
65
________ appear as tufts of grass extending from the DEJ part way into enamel
Enamel tufts
66
__________ are seen as stubby, dark-appearing projections at the DEJ. They result from the cytoplasmic processes of odontoblasts which penetrate the IEE as dentinogenesis begins
Enamel spindles
67
________ are furrows on the surface of enamel. They are regarded as the surface manifestations of the lines of ____
Perikymata ; Retzius
68
Differing path of enamel rods, with intertwining, is prominent in inner 2/3’s of enamel
Hunter-Schreger Bands
69
Rods are arranged ________ in horizontal planes, becoming more vertically inclined toward _____
radially ; cusps
70
The first and last formed enamel is _____ _______ is not present
Rodless ; Tome’s process
71
_________ are seen as dark lines from DEJ to surface, reflecting incremental synthesis of enamel
Lines (Striae) of Retzius
72
______ reflects change of physiology on enamel formation as a consequence of birth
Neonatal line
73
Tufts are locations of _________ showing a twisting course
hypomineralized rods
74
Spindles reflect an overgrowth of ______ processes at the start of ______
odontoblast ; apposition
75
Mottling of teeth too much fluoride in a natural source of water while teeth were developing
dental fluorosis
76
fluoride binds to ______ making them more ______ to acid demineralization
hydroxyapatite crystals ; resistant
77
Fluoride in a carious lesion, promotes _______ of enamel
remineralization
78
Fluoride in plaque, produces a ______ in the activity of bacterial enzymes that synthesize ____
reduction ; acid
79
wear on occluding surfaces, abrasives in tooth paste
Abrasion/Attrition
80
loss by chemical exposure (not from bacteria) ex: stomach acid
erosion
81
loss by exposure to organic acids from cariogenic bacteria
caries
82
Formation of a carious lesion is a dynamic process with stages of ____________, without cavitation (initially). ______ and ______ ions from saliva maintain a surface covering. Overtime, demineralization will prevail, creating a cavity
demineralization/remineralization ; Calcium and phosphate ions

809 - Exam Block 3 (8 decks)

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