End of MDT STUDY QUESTIONS

Question 1

1. In great vessel injury, what percentage of patients die immediately?

a. 50%
b. 80%
c. 10%
d. 0%

Answer 1

a. 50%

25% live 5-10 min
25% live 30 min +

Question 2

2. T/F Supine is the preferred Xray position to detect a hemothorax?

a. True
b. False

Answer 2

b. False

A hemothorax is a condition in which blood accumulates in the pleural cavity, the space between the lung and the chest wall.

Question 3

3. Which of the following would be an expected physical finding of a patient with a hemothorax?

a. Flattened neck veins
b. Distended neck veins
c. Hyperresonance
d. Pleuritic chest pain

Answer 3

a. Flattened neck veins

Question 4

4. What is a secondary cause of a pneumothorax?

a. Cystic Fibrosis
b. Barotrauma
c. Young and tall
d. Blunt trauma

Answer 4

a. Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that affects the respiratory and digestive systems, and patients with this condition are at increased risk for developing a pneumothorax.

Young and tall is primary

Question 5

5. T/F A patient with RR <24/min, HR 60-120/min, SPO2 >90, and a hypotensive BP would classified as stable?

a. True
b. False

Answer 5

B. False

Question 6

6. What develops when a one a way valve air leak occurs from either the lung or chest wall?

a. Tension Pneumothorax
b. Pneumothorax
c. Hemothorax
d. Pulmonary embolism

Answer 6

A. Tension Pneumothorax

Question 7

7. In a patient with flail chest, when negative intrathoracic pressure is generated on inspiration, the flail segment moves inward, thus doing what to the tidal volume?

a. Reducing
b. Increasing
c. Nothing, tidal volume stays the same

Answer 7

a. Reducing

Question 8

8. Two major symptoms of flail chest are pain and what?

a. Respiratory distress
b. Hemoptysis
c. Cough
d. Tachycardia

Answer 8

a. Respiratory distress and pain

Tachycardia is secondary

Question 9

9. What is the most frequent intrathoracic injury in nonpenetrating trauma?

a. Pulmonary contusion
b. Pneumothorax
c. Pleuritis
d. Rib fracture

Answer 9

a. Pulmonary contusion

Pulmonary contusion is a bruise of the lung tissue that occurs as a result of blunt trauma to the chest, such as from a motor vehicle accident or a fall. Pulmonary contusions can cause significant respiratory distress and can lead to hypoxemia (decreased oxygen saturation in the blood) if left untreated.

Question 10

10. Following blunt chest trauma, patient presents with pain and dyspnea. CXR reveals patchy infiltrates and two isolated rib fractures. What is the likely diagnosis?

a. Pulmonary contusion
b. Pneumothorax
c. Rib fracture
d. Flail chest

Answer 10

a. Pulmonary contusion

Question 11

11. Patients with diaphragmatic hernia may present with symptoms of what?

a. Bowel Obstruction
b. Dyspnea
c. Orthopnea
d. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Answer 11

b. Dyspnea

Question 12

12. Patient presents following MVA with dyspnea, hoarseness, hypoxia and persistent pneumothorax despite appropriate interventions. What is the likely diagnosis?

a. Tracheobronchial Injury
b. Tension pneumothorax
c. Hemothorax
d. Cardiac tamponade

Answer 12

a. Tracheobronchial Injury

Question 13

13. Fracture of what rib requires a significant amount of force?

a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. Tenth

Answer 13

a. First

Question 14

14. What is the main reason for obtaining Xrays on a patient with a suspected rib fracture?

a. Identify complications
b. Confirm diagnosis
c. Determine treatment plan
d. Determine number of ribs involved

Answer 14

a. Identify complications

Question 15

15. T/F Rib belts and binders are the mainstays of treatment for the patient with multiple rib fractures?
    a. True
    b. False

Answer 15

b. False

The primary goal of treatment for rib fractures is to manage pain and prevent complications of ateletisis. Deep breath

Question 16

16. A patient presents following a severe crush injury with subconjuntival and retinal hemorrhages, following a period of loss of consciousness. Given the likely diagnosis, what is the appropriate treatment for this patient?
    a. Oxygen
    b. Pain medication
    c. None, monitor and discharge
    d. Eye drops

Answer 16

a. Oxygen

Question 17

17. Effect of emboli depend on their what?
    a. Size
    b. Location
    c. Number
    d. Type

Answer 17

a. Size

Question 18

18. Patient presents with acute onset of dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, tachypnea and tachycardia. Patient informs you that he is currently on convalescent leave following
    surgery to the lower leg in which he was placed on postoperative bedrest. What is the likely diagnosis?
    a. Pulmonary embolism
    b. Myocardial infarction
    c. Pericarditis
    d. Pneumonia

Answer 18

a. Pulmonary embolism

Question 19

19. Epinephrine topically, by inhalation, or parentally, is the most effective medication for what condition?
    a. Angioedema
    b. Allergic laryngitis
    c. Laryngospasm
    d. Foreign body aspiration

Answer 19

Angioedema in ARDS

Question 20

20. Patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease usually have what type of advantitious lung sounds?
    a. Wheezing
    b. Crackles
    c. Rhonchi
    d. Stridor

Answer 20

a. Wheezing
Wheezing is a common symptom of both asthma and COPD

Crackles are a popping or crackling sound that is heard during inhalation, and are caused by the opening of small airways that are partially obstructed with mucus. Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring sounds that can be heard during inhalation or exhalation and are caused by the partial obstruction of larger airways. Stridor is a high-pitched, wheezing sound that occurs during inspiration and is caused by a partial obstruction of the upper airway, such as the larynx or trachea.

Question 21

21. Community-acquired pneumonia develops when
    a. A defect in one or more of the normal host defensives
    b. Aspiration of secretions containing bacteria
    c. Inhalation of infected aerosols
    d. Immune responses are intact

Answer 21

a. A defect in one or more of the normal host defensives

Question 22

22. Patients with constitutional symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and malaise, cough with foul- smelling purulent sputum suggests what?
    a. Anaerobic infection
    b. Community-acquired pneumonia
    c. Viral pneumonia
    d. Pulmonary Edema

Answer 22

a. Anaerobic infection (pnuemonia)

Question 23

23. Poor dentition and predisposition to aspiration may put a patient at risk for developing what condition?
    a. Aspiration pneumonia
    b. Lung Abscess
    c. Community-acquired pneumonia
    d. Both a & b

Answer 23

d. Both a & b

Dentition is teeth related

Question 24

24. Patient presents with cough that began as dry and is now productive, fever, and rhonchi that clears with cough is likely suffering from what condition?
    a. Bronchitis
    b. Pneumonia
    c. Asthma
    d. Gerd

Answer 24

a. Bronchitis

Pneumonia is a type of lung infection that can also cause symptoms such as cough, fever, and chest sounds, but is typically characterized by more severe symptoms and a higher fever than bronchitis.

Question 25

25. Costochondritis is inflammation in what structure? a. Costal cartilage b. Chest wall muscles c. Pleural membrane d. Tracheobronchial tree

Answer 25

a. Costal cartilage Costochondritis is a condition in which the costal cartilage, which connects the ribs to the sternum, becomes inflamed and causes chest pain.

Question 26

26. T/F Costochondritis is likely caused by trauma? a. True b. False

Answer 26

a. True Costochondritis is a condition in which the costal cartilage, which connects the ribs to the sternum, becomes inflamed and causes chest pain.

Question 27

27. What is a noncardiac cause of pulmonary edema? a. Disseminated intravascular coagulation b. Myocardial ischemia c. Excessive salt intake d. Discontinuation of medication

Answer 27

a. Disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC is a medical emergency in which the normal clotting process goes haywire, leading to widespread clotting and bleeding throughout the body, including the lungs.

Question 28

28. What is a symptom of pulmonary edema? a. Pink, frothy sputum b. Foul purulent sputum c. Tachypnea d. Friction rub

Answer 28

a. Pink, frothy sputum One of the hallmark symptoms of pulmonary edema is the production of pink, frothy sputum, which is caused by the mixing of blood and fluid in the lungs. Other symptoms of pulmonary edema may include shortness of breath, chest pain or pressure, rapid or irregular heartbeat, and fatigue.

Question 29

29. Patient complains of sudden onset fleeting chest pain, made worse by coughing, sneezing and deep breathing. Denies history of trauma, but states that he was sick two weeks ago with cold like symptoms. What is the likely diagnosis? a. Pleuritis b. URI c. Bronchitis d. Pneumonia

Answer 29

a. Pleuritis This inflammation can cause sudden onset fleeting chest pain that is made worse by coughing, sneezing, and deep breathing.

Question 30

30. In an otherwise healthy adult, viral respiratory illness and pneumonia have the potential to cause what? a. Pleuritis b. Bronchitis c. Pulmonary edema d. Empyema

Answer 30

b. Bronchitis Streptococcus pneumoniae. Bronchitis is an inflammation of the **bronchial** tubes, while pneumonia is an infection of the **lung** tissue.