Endocrine

Question 1

Associated with sleep loss and Prader Willi

Answer 1

Increased Ghrelin

Question 2

cAMP signalers

Answer 2

FSH
LH
ACTH
TSH
CRH
hCG
ADH V2
MSH
PTH, calcitonin, GHRH, glucagon

Question 3

cGMP signalers

Answer 3

ANP, BNP, NO

Question 4

IP3

Answer 4

GnRH
Oxytocin
ADH V1
TRH
Histamine
Angiotensin II 
Gastrin

Question 5

Wolff Chaikoff effect

Answer 5

Excess Iodine temporarily blocks uptake.

Question 6

metyrapone

Answer 6

inhibits 11B hydroxylase and stops cortisol synthesis

Question 7

MSH

Answer 7

breakdown product from the production of ACTH

Question 8

Most common cause of Cushing Syndrome

Answer 8

exogenous cortisol use

Question 9

Most common cause of endogenous Cushings

Answer 9

ACTH pituitary adenoma

Question 10

Chronic adrenal insufficiency

Answer 10

Addison’s disease

Question 11

Most common cause of PRIMARY adrenal insufficiency

Answer 11

Autoimmune destruction of adrenals

Question 12

Homer Wright Rosettes

Answer 12

Neuroblastoma

Question 13

Occurs anywhere along the sympathetic chain

Answer 13

Neuroblastoma

Question 14

Most common presentation is abdominal distention and a firm, irregular mass

Answer 14

Neuroblastoma

Question 15

opsoclonus-myoclonus

Answer 15

Neuroblastoma

Question 16

opsoclonus-myoclonus

Answer 16

Neuroblastoma (dancing eyes, dancing feet)

Question 17

HVA and VMA increased in urine

Answer 17

Neuroblastoma (HVA-Dopamine, VMA-norepi)

Question 18

Bombesin

Answer 18

Neuroblastoma (gastrin analog)

Question 19

Neuron specific enolase

Answer 19

Neuroblastoma (ninth and final step in glycolysis)

Question 20

N-Myc

Answer 20

Neuroblastoma

Question 21

Pheochromocytoma is associated with the gene defects in

Answer 21

NF1
MEN2A
MEN2B
vHL

Question 22

Pheochromocytoma is associated with the gene defects in

Answer 22

NF1
MEN2A
MEN2B
vHL

Question 23

Antibodies found in Hashimotos

Answer 23

Antithyroglobulin
Antithyroid peroxidase
Antimicrosomal

Question 24

HLA DR5

Answer 24

Hashimotos

Question 25

Hurthle cells

Answer 25

Hashimotos (lymphoid aggregate with germinal centers)

Question 26

Puffy faced child

Answer 26

cretinism

Question 27

pot bellied child

Answer 27

cretinism

Question 28

protuberant tongue

Answer 28

cretinism

Question 29

poor brain development in child

Answer 29

cretinism (cannot be corrected after damage is done)

Question 30

hyperthyroid followed by hypothyroid

Answer 30

Hashimotos | De Quervian

Question 31

granulomatous inflammation in thyroid

Answer 31

De Quervian

Question 32

Elevated ESR thyroiditis

Answer 32

De Quervian

Question 33

very tender thyroid

Answer 33

De Quervian

Question 34

jaw pain with thyroiditis

Answer 34

De Quervian

Question 35

thyroid replaced by fibrous tissue

Answer 35

Riedel thyroiditis

Question 36

mimics anaplastic carcinoma

Answer 36

Riedel thyroiditis

Question 37

IgG4 related systemic disease

Answer 37

Riedel thyroiditis

Question 38

IgG4 related systemic disease

Answer 38

Riedel thyroiditis

Question 39

exopthalmos

Answer 39

Graves (retro-oribital fibroblasts

Question 40

pretibial myxedema

Answer 40

Graves (dermal fibroblasts)

Question 41

increased alp

Answer 41

thyroid storm

Question 42

cause of death in thyroid storm

Answer 42

tachyarrythmia

Question 43

treatment for thyroid storm

Answer 43

beta blocker PTU corticosteroids

Question 44

jod-basedow phenomenon

Answer 44

thyrotoxicosis if patient with iodine deficiency is made replete

Question 45

Complications of thyroidectomy

Answer 45

Hypocalcemia Hoarseness recurrent/superior laryngeal nerve from ligation of inferior thyroid artery and superior laryngeal artery respective.

Question 46

Most common type of thyroid cancer

Answer 46

Papillary carcinoma

Question 47

Orphan Annie Eyes

Answer 47

Papillary carcinoma

Question 48

Psammoma bodies

Answer 48

Papillary carcinoma

Question 49

Lymphatic invasion is common

Answer 49

Papillary carcinoma

Question 50

Increase risk with BRAF and RET mutations

Answer 50

Papillary carcinoma

Question 51

Associated with childhood irradiation

Answer 51

Papillary carcinoma

Question 52

invades thyroid capsule

Answer 52

follicular carcinoma

Question 53

sheets of cells in amyloid stroma

Answer 53

Medullary carcinoma

Question 54

MEN2A/2B

Answer 54

Medullary

Question 55

Hematagenous spread common

Answer 55

Medullary

Question 56

Associated with Hashimotos

Answer 56

Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Question 57

unresponsiveness of kidney to PTH

Answer 57

Albright hereditary osteodystrophy

Question 58

defective Ca receptor on parathyroid cells

Answer 58

Familial hypocalciruic hypercalcemia

Question 59

cystic bone spaces with brown fibrous tissue

Answer 59

Osteitis fibrosa cystica

Question 60

treatment for prolactinoma

Answer 60

bromocriptine cabergoline (Dopamine agonists)

Question 61

increased risk of colorectal cancer

Answer 61

acromegaly

Question 62

Treatment for acromegaly

Answer 62

octreotide | pegvisomant (GH receptor antagonist)

Question 63

Treatment for acromegaly

Answer 63

octreotide | pegvisomant (GH receptor antagonist)

Question 64

HLA DR3, HLADR4

Answer 64

Type one diabetes

Question 65

Dermatitis DVT Diabetes Depression

Answer 65

Glucagonoma

Question 66

Leads to a niacin deficiency

Answer 66

Carcinoid syndrome

Question 67

Gastrin secreting tumor

Answer 67

Zollinger Ellison syndrome

Question 68

recurrent ulcers

Answer 68

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Question 69

Positive secretin stimulation test

Answer 69

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

Question 70

MEN1 associated

Answer 70

Zollinger Ellison Pituitary Parathyroid Pancreatic

Question 71

menin overproduction

Answer 71

MEN1

Question 72

MEN2A associated tumors

Answer 72

Parathyroids Pheochromocytoma Medullary thyroid

Question 73

MEN2B

Answer 73

Pheochromocytoma Medullary thyroid Ganglioneuromatosis

Question 74

marfinoid habitus

Answer 74

MEN2B

Question 75

mutation in RET

Answer 75

MEN2A/B