Endocrine Flashcards
1
Q
Hypothyroid- Eti, Sx
A
- Hasimoto, low pituitary
- Fatigue, weakness, constipation, depression,
- Hyporelexia
- Brittle nails, hair
2
Q
Hypothyroid- Dx, Tx
A
- Elevated TSH, low T4 = primary hypothyroid
- High T4 = secondary
- Levothyroxine
3
Q
Hyperthyroid- sx
A
- Heat intolerance, tachy, diarrhea, wt loss, tremors
- Low TSH, high T4 = primary
4
Q
Graves- Sx
A
Exophthalmos, lid lag
- Pretibial myxedema- pink to brown plaques on skin
- Bruits
- Tx: Radioactive iodine followed by hormone replacement
5
Q
Toxic multinodular goiter/ adenoma-
A
Clinical hyperthyroid w/o eye findings
- Laryngeal compression
- Beta blockers for thyrotoxicosis
6
Q
Thyroid nodules- Sx
A
- Difficulty swallowing, breathing, hoarness, jaw pain
- Benign: smooth, sharply outline, discrete
- Malignent- Rapid growth, no mvmt with swallowing
7
Q
Thyroid nodules- Dx
A
FNA with biopsy
- Radioactive iodine uptake, US
8
Q
Thyroid nodules-Tx
A
Thyroidectomy, observation with US
9
Q
Metabolic syndrome- Dx criteria
A
- 3+ of following
- Waist circumference > 40, >35
- High triglycerides
- Low HDLs
- High fasting glucose
- HTN
10
Q
DM 1- Patho, epi
A
- Pancreatic beta cell destruction, autoimmune or idiopathic
- children, onset
11
Q
DM 1- Sx
A
- Polyuria, dipsia, wt loss, polyphagia
- DKA
12
Q
DM 2- Patho, epi
A
- Insulin resistance, impairment of secretion
- Weight, decreased phys activity
- Fat peeps
13
Q
DM 2- Sx
A
- Obesity, ketonuria,
- Often silent, incidental finding- neuropathy, retinopathy
14
Q
DM Dx
A
- Fasting CBG > 126 x 2 occasions
- A1c > 6.5%
- Oral GTT > 200
15
Q
DM Screening
A
Q 3 years
- > 45
- BP > 135/80
- BMI > 25 with risks- phys inactive, relative, >9lb baby, cholesterol
