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Assessment & Diagnosis Final > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

What is normal TSH?

A

0.4-4

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2
Q

What is normal T4?

A

4.5-11.2

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3
Q

High TSH and low T4 indicates what?

A

Hypothyroid

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4
Q

How is hypothyroid treated?

A

Levothyroxine

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5
Q

What are two most common causes of hypothyroid?

A

Low iodine intake and Hashimoto’s

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6
Q

What drug is given for symptom relief of hyperthyroid?

A

Beta blockers

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7
Q

Radioactive iodine is given for hyper or hypothyroid?

A

Hyperthyroid

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8
Q

Myxedema coma is severe what?

A

Hypothyroidism

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9
Q

Myxedema coma will have what on CBC?

A

Normal WBC with increased bands

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10
Q

Levothyroxine is what?

A

T4

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11
Q

With what drug and dose is myxedema coma treated?

A

500-800 mcg Levothyroxine IV

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12
Q

Low TSH and high T4 indicate what?

A

Hyperthyroid

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13
Q

Thyroid crisis is a complication of what?

A

Hyperthyroid

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14
Q

What does CBC look like in thyroid crisis?

A

May be mildly elevated

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15
Q

What kind of fluid to give for thyroid crisis?

A

Dextrose

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16
Q

Should a pt with thyroid crisis be cooled?

A

Yes

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17
Q

What is the first med given for thyroid crisis?

A

Propranolol

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18
Q

Glucocorticoids can be given for what thyroid complication?

A

Thyroid crisis

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19
Q

What is Cushing’s syndrome?

A

A set of symptoms that result from excess exposure to cortisol

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20
Q

What is Cushing’s disease?

A

Excess cortisol production from adrenal tumor

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21
Q

Is Cushing’s syndrome more often exogenous or endogenous?

A

Exogenous

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22
Q

Cushing’s causes what labs abnormalities?

A

Hypernatremia and hypokalemia

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23
Q

What should you do if you suspect Cushing’s?

A

Consult endocrine

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24
Q

Is Cushing’s an emergency?

A

No

25
Q

How do you work up Cushing’s?

A

24 hour urine collection and low dose dexamethasone ACTH suppression test

26
Q

How to treat exogenously caused Cushing’s?

A

Stop giving steroids

27
Q

How to treat endogenously caused Cushing’s?

A

Locate and resect tumor

28
Q

Pasireotide treats what?

A

Endogenous Cushing’s

29
Q

What is adrenal insufficiency?

A

Low cortisol output

30
Q

What is Addison’s?

A

Failure of the adrenal gland

31
Q

What is secondary adrenal insufficiency?

A

Failure to produce ACTH

32
Q

What labs are seen in Addison’s?

A

Hyponatremia and hyperkalemia

33
Q

How to diagnose acute adrenal insufficiency?

A

Send random cortisol level

34
Q

Random cortisol level above what excludes acute adrenal insufficiency?

A

18

35
Q

ACTH stress test failing to reach what level at any time of day indicates adrenal insufficiency?

A

18

36
Q

ACTH stress test failing to rise by what in the morning indicates adrenal insufficiency?

A

9

37
Q

Primary AI is treated how?

A

Glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoid

38
Q

Secondary AI is treated how?

A

Only glucocorticoids

39
Q

What is a pheochromocytoma?

A

A catecholamine secreting tumor

40
Q

What is typical age of onset of pheochromocytoma?

A

20-50

41
Q

You should have 3 of what 4 symptoms to suspect pheochromocytoma?

A

Headache, diaphoresis, hypertension, palpitations

42
Q

What imaging is used to diagnose pheochromocytoma d?

A

CT abdomen or MRI

43
Q

What labs are used to diagnose pheochromocytoma?

A

Plasma free metanephrines / urine fractionated metanephrines

44
Q

When do you use imaging to diagnose pheochromocytoma?

A

If labs come back positive

45
Q

If you see a tumor on CT/MRI when attempting to find a pheochromocytoma what is the next step?

A

MIBG

46
Q

What two meds to use to treat pheochromocytoma?

A

Phenoxybenzamine and metoprolol

47
Q

Besides meds, how else do you treat pheochromocytoma?

A

Surgical resection

48
Q

What is diabetes insipidus defined as?

A

Polyuria with greater than 3L urine output

49
Q

What occurs in central DI?

A

Inability to make ADH

50
Q

What occurs in nephrogenic DI?

A

Inability of the kidneys to react to ADH

51
Q

What occurs in psychogenic DI?

A

Increased water intake 2/2 psychiatric issues

52
Q

How to treat central DI?

A

Desmopressin IV

53
Q

What is the apparent fluid status of SIADH on physical exam?

A

Euvolemic

54
Q

Do patients with SIADH usually have peripheral edema?

A

No

55
Q

What is serum os in SIADH?

A

Hypoosomolar

56
Q

What is urine sodium in SIADH?

A

Normal to high

57
Q

What is urine os in SIADH?

A

High

58
Q

How do you treat SIADH if they are very symptomatic?

A

HTS

59
Q

Non-emergent SIADH should have a water restriction of how much?

A

500mL- 1.5L per day

Assessment & Diagnosis Final (6 decks)

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