endocrine lab quiz review (lab quiz 1)

Question 1

hypothalamus

Answer 1

antidiuretic hormone
oxytocin
regulatory hormones

Question 2

Pituitary Gland

Answer 2

anterior lobe

posterior lobe

Question 3

pituitary gland:

anterior lobe

Answer 3

1. growth hormone
2. thyroid stimulating hormone
3. prolactin
4. follicle stimulating hormone
   luteinizing hormone
5. adrenocorticotropic hormone
6. melanocyte stimulating hormone

Question 4

pituitary gland:

posterior lobe

Answer 4

release of oxytocin

antidiuretic hormone

Question 5

thyroid gland

Answer 5

thyroxine
triiodothronine
calcitonin

Question 6

adrenal glands

Answer 6

adrenal medulla

adrenal cortex

Question 7

adrenal glands:

adrenal medulla

Answer 7

epinephrine

norepinephrine

Question 8

adrenal glands:

adrenal cortex

Answer 8

cortisol
corticosterone
aldosterone
androgens

Question 9

pancreas

Answer 9

insulin

glucagon

Question 10

pineal gland

Answer 10

melatonin

Question 11

parathyroid gland

Answer 11

parathyroid hormone

Question 12

heart

Answer 12

atrial natriuretic peptide

brain natriuretic peptide

Question 13

thymus

Answer 13

thymosin

Question 14

adipose tissue

Answer 14

leptin

Question 15

digestive tract

Answer 15

secretes numerous hormones involved in the coordination of system function
glucose metabolism
appetite

Question 16

kidneys

Answer 16

erythropoletine

calcitrol

Question 17

testes

Answer 17

testosterone

inhibin

Question 18

ovaries

Answer 18

estrogen
progesterone
inhibin

Question 19

THYROID GLAND:

Name the hormones produced by the thyroid gland

Answer 19

Thyroxine (T4)
Triiodothronine (T3)
Calcitonin

Question 20

THYROID GLAND:

Where are Thyroxine (T3) and Triiodothronine (T4) stored?

Answer 20

thyroid gland

Question 21

THYROID GLAND:

what is a follicle?

Answer 21

A follicle is spherical, and the wall is made up of a large number of cuboidal cells. These are the strucutural and functional units of a thyroid gland.

Question 22

THYROID GLAND:

which cells make calcitonin?

Answer 22

parafollicular cells (c-cells)

Question 23

PARATHYROID GLAND:

where are the parathyroid glands located?

Answer 23

The parathyroid glands are on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland, separated by a capsule.

Question 24

PARATHYROID GLAND:

how many parathyroid glands do you have?

Answer 24

4

Question 25

PARATHYROID GLAND: | what is the function of parathyroid hormone? explain

Answer 25

The function of the parathyroid hormone is to maintain Ca2+ in the body to maintain homeostasis. If there is a decrease in Ca2+ levels in the blood, the parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone. This causes increased reabsorption of Ca2+ by kidneys, calcium release from bone, and increased calcitriol production causes Ca2+ absorption by the digestive tract. The Ca2+ levels increase and homeostasis is restored.

Question 26

ADRENAL GLAND: | outer zone: zona__________ stimulates __________

Answer 26

``` zonaglomerulosa mineralocrticoids (aldosterone) ```

Question 27

ADRENAL GLAND: | middle zone: zona _____________ stimulates___________

Answer 27

zonafasciculata | glucocorticoids (cortisol)

Question 28

ADRENAL GLAND: | inner zone: zona ______________ stimulates ____________-

Answer 28

zonareticular | androgens (sex hormones)

Question 29

ADRENAL GLAND: | adrenal medulla: releases _________ upon stimulation by the ___________

Answer 29

epinephrine and norepinephrine | sympathetic neural axons

Question 30

PANCREAS: | what % of the pancreas is endocrine?

Answer 30

2%

Question 31

PANCREAS: | these hormones regulate blood ________

Answer 31

glucose (sugar)

Question 32

PANCREAS: | Name the different cells in the Islets of Langerhans and name the hormones produced by those cells.

Answer 32

alpha cells secrete glucagon beta cells secrete insulin delta cells secrete somatostatin

Question 33

PANCREAS: | Insulin and Glucagon are antigonistic in function. explain.

Answer 33

opposite in function insulin: decreases the level of glucose in blood converts glucose into glycogen glucagon: increases the level of glucose in blood converts glycogen into glucose

Question 34

name two other hormones that are antagonistic in function.

Answer 34

parathyroid hormone and calcitonin parathyroid hormone: is secreted when Ca2+ levels are too low calcitonin: is secreted when Ca2+ levels are too high