Endocrine Physiology

Question 1

signal transduction system: ADH V1 receptor

Answer 1

IP3/DAG

Question 2

signal transduction system: ADH V2 receptor

Answer 2

cAMP

Question 3

signal transduction system: angiotensin II - vascular smooth muscles

Answer 3

IP3/DAG

Question 4

signal transduction system: angiotensin II - epithelial cells

Answer 4

cAMP

Question 5

signal transduction system: cathecolamine A1 receptors

Answer 5

IP3/DAG

Question 6

signal transduction system: cathecolamine B1 and B2 receptors

Answer 6

cAMP

Question 7

basophilic pituitary cells

Answer 7

FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, MSH

Question 8

acidophilic pituitary cells

Answer 8

GH, prolactin

Question 9

diabetogenic hormones

Answer 9

cortisol, GH, glucagon, epinephrine

Question 10

Accumulating substrate: 21-beta-hydroxylase

Answer 10

17-hydroxyprogesterone

Question 11

Accumulating substrate: 11-beta-hydroxylase

Answer 11

11-deoxycortisone

Question 12

Accumulating substrate: 17-alpha-hydroxylase

Answer 12

pregnenolone

Question 13

signal transduction system: insulin

Answer 13

tyrosine kinase

Question 14

signal transduction system: glucagon

Answer 14

cAMP

Question 15

which diabetes mellitus type is autoimmune?

Answer 15

Ia

Question 16

Bone component for compressional strength

Answer 16

bone salts

Question 17

Bone component for tensile strength

Answer 17

organic matrix

Question 18

PTH is stimulated by hypomagnesemia except

Answer 18

hypomagnesemia caused by alcoholism

Question 19

PTH causes increased or decreased phosphate reabsorption?

Answer 19

decreased phosphate reabsoprtion

Question 20

PTH causes increased or decreased urinary calcium?

Answer 20

increased calcium reabsorption

Question 21

Vitamin D causes increased or decreased phosphate reabsorption?

Answer 21

increased phosphate reabsoprtion

Question 22

Vitamin D causes increased or decreased serum phosphate?

Answer 22

decreased serum phosphate

Question 23

PTH causes increased or decreased serum phosphate?

Answer 23

decreased serum phosphate

Question 24

Vitamin D causes increased or decreased serum phosphate?

Answer 24

increased serum phosphate

Question 25

what is effect of ethanol on ADH?

Answer 25

decrease

Question 26

thyroid levels in hepatic failure

Answer 26

decrease in TBG decrease in total thyroid hormone levels normal levels of free hormone

Question 27

thyroid levels in pregnancy

Answer 27

increase in TBG increase in total thyroid hormone levesl normal levels of free hormone

Question 28

CRH-containing neurons are located in

Answer 28

paraventricular nuclei

Question 29

high-dose dexamethasone is not suppressed by what tumor: ACTH-secreting tumors or adrenal cortical tumors?

Answer 29

ACTH-secreting tumor

Question 30

aldosterone secretion is increased by hypokalemia or hyperkalemia?

Answer 30

hyperkalemia

Question 31

in Cushing's syndrome, ACTH is increased or decreased?

Answer 31

decreased

Question 32

in Conn's syndrome, potassium is increased or decreased?

Answer 32

decreased

Question 33

what is the effect of glucagon on urea production?

Answer 33

glucagon increases urea production

Question 34

pancreatic receptor (beta cells) for glucose

Answer 34

GLUT-2

Question 35

what is the effect of acetylcholine on insulin and glucagon?

Answer 35

acetylcholine increases both insulin and glucagon

Question 36

high aldosterone is seen in: A. 21-beta-hydroxylase deficiency B. 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency C. 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency

Answer 36

high aldosterone is seen in 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency

Question 37

low androgen is seen in: A. 21-beta-hydroxylase deficiency B. 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency C. 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency

Answer 37

low androgen is seen in 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency

Question 38

hypotension is seen in: A. 21-beta-hydroxylase deficiency B. 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency C. 17-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency

Answer 38

hypotension is seen in 21-beta-hydroxylase deficiency

Question 39

1-alpha-hydroxylase is stimulated by high or low phosphate?

Answer 39

low phosphate

Question 40

true or false: PTH increases calcium absorption in GIT

Answer 40

false