Endocrine/Reproductive Flashcards by Nathan Hansen

teenager, N/V/ab pain
Hx of T1DM, no insulin

tender abdomen, low Na, high K, glucose is very high
high AGAP

urine shows ketones

dx is ____

DKA

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elderly woman, hx of T2DM

fatigue, A/V/ fever
confusion, somnolence

low BP, glucose at 1200

dx is ___

HNK hypoglycemia

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MA woman, somnolent

HA/moodiness
low glucose, high insulin, low C peptide

dx is ___

surreptitious insulin

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Elderly man, SOA for 2 days

inc swelling, weight gain

poorly controlled T2DM
evidence of heart failure

med causing worsening of sx is ___

pioglitazone

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Hypoglycemia is SE of __

aka ___

also seen in amylin analogue ____ or ____

SFU
glyburide

pramlintide, insulin

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Lactic acidosis and diarrhea

SE of ____

minimal ___

avoid in ____

metformin

weight gain

renal failure

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Pancreatitis

SE of ___ such as ___

GLP 1 analogue

exenatide

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Vaginal candidiasis and UTI

SE of __ aka ____

SGLT2 inhibitor, flozin

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MOA

SFU are ___

Metformin dec ____

TZDs dec ____

DPP4 inhibitors aka __ inhibit degredation of ___

secretagogues

hepatic glucose prodxn

insulin resistance

gliptins, GLP1

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MA man w bipolar disorder
inc thirst

labs show very high Na, urine osmolarity is exremely low

dx is _____

caused by ___

diabetes insipidus

lithium

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Elderly woman, obtunded

less energetic, gained weight
low temp/BP/pulse

cold skin, delayed relaxation of DTR

dx is ___

myxedema coma

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YA woman, palpitations/tremor
inc BP, wl, exophthalmos

nontender thyroid, low TSH, high T4

dx is _____
mechanism _____

may have thyroid ___
thyroid uptake is __/___

Graves

antibodies to TSH receptor

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YA woman, sweating/palpitations

post pregnancy, thyroid is nontender/nonenlarged

low TSH, high T4, low I131 uptke

most likely dx is ____

post partum thyroiditis

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MA woman, sweating/tremor/amenorrhea

inc BP, thyroid is normal
T4/T3 and TSH inc

cause of findigns _____

pituitary releases ___
thyroid releases ___
peripheral tissues form ____

pituitary adenoma

TSH
T4
T3

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Tender thyroid post URI

dx is ___

viral thyroiditis

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hyperthyroid sx, low uptake on scan, no URI

dx is ____

surreptitious levothyroxine

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MA Woman, fever, high lymphocytes

PMH w hyperT, tx w PTU/propanolol

SE of PTU is ____

inc WBC/lymphocytes

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elderly man, hospitalized for a month

resolved, in rehab facility

labs show low TSH/T4/T3

explanation for findings ___

euthyroid sick syndrome

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Medullary thyroid carcinoma

inc level of ___
may have mutation in ___
assc w ___/___

calcitonin
RET
MEN 2A/MEN 2B

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pt post thyroidectomy
spasms and tetany, paresthesias

chovsteks sign is present

cause of findings ____

hypoCa

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elderly man, confused, smoking hx

Ca is elevated, lung nodule present

cause of high calcium
most likely type of cancer

induction of PTH rp

squamous cell carcinoma

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MA woman, fatigue/wl
autoimmune thyroiditis, low BP, inc skin pigmentation

Na is low, K is high

dx is ____

Addison’s disease

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ifnant, poor feeding/lethargy

low Na, high K, low glucose

enzyme that is defieint ____

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21 alpha hydroxulase

MA woman, HA and inc thirst, fundus with AV nicking

low K, creatinine is normal, high BP

dx is ___
caused by overproduction of ___

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hyperaldosteronism

aldosterone

elderly man, PM of smoking/alcohol confused, lung nodule present Na is low, urine Na is high urine osmolality is normal dx is _____ caused by inc ____ assc w ___

SIADH ADH SCLC

MA man, obtunded very low sodium, too rapidly corrected, resultant paresis cause of sx

CPM

YA woman, amenorrhea PM of irregular periods, heavy/no bleeding BMI inc, other lab findings normal hirsutism dx is ___

PCOS

elderly man, fatigue/dec libido surgical removal fo pituitary tumor followed by radiation BP/pulse low labs normal dx is ____

hypopituitarism

YA woman, amenorrhea occasioanl HA/galactorrhea prolactin level is high most likely dx is ____

prolactinoma

pt w increasing joint pain, HA inc shoe size, prominent forehead, broad nsoe, thick tongue, large hands/feet dx is ____ elevated __ and ___

acromegaly | GH and IGF1

pt w fatigue/polyuria PM of prolactinoma FH of kindey stones inc Ca, PTH dx is ____ assc w __ such as gastrinoma, V, I Triad

MEN 1 pancreatic tumors VIPoma, insulinoma hyperPTH, pituitary tumor, panc tumor

episodic headache, HTN, flushing/pallor, palpitations dx is ___ high urine ___ use alpha antagonist ___ first can be assc w __/___/___

Pheo VMA phenoxybenzamine MEN 2A/Men 2B/ NF

diarrhea, flushing, wheezing dx is ___ high ___ may also have __/__

carcinoid syndrome 5HIAA appendiceal tumor/lung sx

Men 2A/2B triads

2A- MCT, Pheo, HyperPTH 2B- MCT, Pheo, ganglioneuromatosis

jaundice, hepatomegaly, cataracts, mental retardation, FTT dx is ___ deficient in ___ inherited ____

Galactosemia GALT AR

painful muscle cramps post exercise, myoglobinuria dx is __ aka glycogen storage disorder type __ defect in skeletal muscle ___ cant breakdown ____

McArdles, 5 glycogen phosphorylase muscle glycogen

Cardiomegaly, systemic sx, early death dx is ___ glycogen storage disorder type _ deficient in acid maltase aka ___

pompe dz, 2 lysosomal a 14 glucosidsae

severe fasting hypoGly, inc lactate, hepatomegaly dx is ____ glycogen storage disorder type __ defect in ___ inherited ____

Von Gierkes, 1 glucose 6 phosphate AR

developmental delay, look like a gargoyle, corneal clouding, HSM dx is ___ deficient in ___ a mucopolysaccharidase inherited ___

Hurlers a-1-iduronidase AR

mild developmental delay, HSM, no corneal clouding, aggressive behavior dx is ___ inherited ____ defect in ___

Hunter sx XR iduronate sulfatase

HSM, aseptic necrosis of femur, bone pain dx is ____ __ storage disorder inherited ___ defect in ___

Gaucher lysosomal AR glucocerebrosidase

HSM, progressive neurodegenration, cherry red macula dx is ___ inherited ___ accumulate ___

Niemann pick AR sphingomyelin

progressive neurodegeneration, cherry red macula, no HSM dx is ___ inherited ___ defect in ___ w __ accumulation

Tay sachs AR hexoaminidase, GM2 ganglioside

PN, dev delay, optic atrophy, globoid cells dx is __ inherited ___ defect in ___

Krabbe's dz AR galactocerebrosidase

PN, angiokeratomas, CV/renal dz dx is ___ inherited ____ defect in ___

Fabrys XR a galactosidase A

central/peripheral demyelination w ataxia/dementia dx is M____ inherited ____ defect in ___ accumulate ___

metachromatic leukodystrophy AR arylsulfatase A cerebroside sulfate

36 w of gestation, pain and vaginal bleeding uterus is tender dx is ___

placental abbruption

painless vaginal bleedign around 30w dx is ___ placenta overlies ____

placetna previa | interenal cervical os

severe, painless postpartum hemorrhae previous C section/previa dx is ____ placenta villi attach to ___ defect in ___

placenta accreta myometrium decidua basalis layer

painful massive postpartum hemorrhage dx is ___

uterine rupture

post menopausal vaginal bleeding dx is ___ until otherwise need __ to confirm

endometrial cancer biopsy

Ab pain, LMP was 6-8 w ago UPT +, adnexal mass dx is ____

ectopic preg

severe HTN after 20 w gestation Proteinuria/end organ damage dx is ____ w seizures, it becomes ___

preeclampsia eclampsia

Preeclampsia, low platelets, inc LFT, hemolysis dx is ____

HELLP syndrome

post partum complications include D C P A

depression cardiomyopathy Pulm edema amniotic fluid embolus

cloudy amniotic fluid w septic newborn dx is ___

group b strep

Endocrine/Reproductive Flashcards

(56 cards)