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Science > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Produces hormones that stimulate growth, and controls the functions of other glands

A

Pituitary

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2
Q

It is at the base of the brain

A

Pituitary

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3
Q

Produces hormones that regulate body METABOLISM, and storage of calcium in bones

A

Thyroid

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4
Q

In front of the neck and below the voice box

A

Thyroid

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5
Q

Produces hormones that control the calcium levels in your body, and normalizes bone growth

A

Parathyroid

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6
Q

In the neck

A

Parathyroid

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7
Q

In front of the heart

A

Thymus

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8
Q

In front of the heart

A

Thymus

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9
Q

Produces hormones that affects metabolism, immune system and blood pressure, stress reaction

A

Adrenal

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10
Q

On top of the kidneys

A

Adrenal

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11
Q

Behind the stomach

A

Pancreas

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12
Q

Produce hormones that regulate blood sugar levels

A

Pancreas

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13
Q

PRODUCES hormones that control maturation of sperm and development of the secondary male sexual characteristics

A

Testes

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14
Q

Located in the scrotum

A

Testes

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15
Q

PRODUCES hormones that influence development of the secondary female sexual characteristics, and maturation of the egg cells and ovulation

A

Ovaries

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16
Q

Pelvic area

A

Ovaries

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17
Q

In the brain

A

Pineal

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18
Q

Produces a hormone that regulates the biological clock in some animals

A

Pineal

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19
Q

What are ALL the hormones produced by the Pituitary Gland?

A
  • Oxytocin
  • Growth Hormones (GH)
  • Prolactin (PRL)
  • Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
  • Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
  • Antidiuretic hormone (AH)
  • Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
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20
Q

What is the hormone produced by the Thyroid?

A

Thyroid hormone

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21
Q

What is the hormone produced by the Parathyroid?

A

Parathormone

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22
Q

What is the hormone produced by the Thymus?

A

Thymosin

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23
Q

What is the hormone produced by the Thymus?

A

Thymosin

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24
Q

What is the hormone produced by the Adrenal?

A

Adrenaline and others

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25
Q

What are the hormones produced by the Pancreas?

A

Insulin, Glucagon

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26
Q

What is the hormone produced by the Testes?

A

Testosterone

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27
Q

What are the hormones produced by the Ovaries?

A

Estrogen, Progesterone

28
Q

What is the hormone produced by the Pineal?

A

Melatonin

29
Q

It is a disease that happens when the mineral density of the bone is reduced making it brittle and porous.

A

Osteoporosis

30
Q

Parathyroid hormone secretion is one of the possible causes of this disease.

A

Osteoporosis

31
Q

It is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland.

A

Goiter

32
Q

It results from the underproduction or overproduction of thyroid hormones.

A

Goiter

33
Q

It is a disorder that happens during childhood when there is abnormal increase in height associated with too much secretion of growth hormones.

A

Gigantism

34
Q

It is a condition wherein the production of growth hormones in the pituitary gland is insufficient resulting in short stature.

A

Dwarfism

35
Q

It is composed of glands that secrete different types of hormones that affect almost every cell, organ, and function of our body.

A

Endocrine System

36
Q

They are organic substances released by the glands of the endocrine system directly into the bloodstream.

A

Hormones

37
Q

What is the hormone released by the Pineal gland?

A

Melatonin

38
Q

A human being depends on ___ for continued production of species.

A

REPRODUCTION

39
Q

The ___ gland controls the functions of both the testes and ovaries.

A

Pituitary

40
Q

As the ___ enters the testes, it stimulates the ___ cells that are responsible for NOURISHING the sperm cells that the testes produce to facilitate the process of sperm production.

A

FSH,
Sertoli cells

41
Q

Also, ___ enters the testes to stimulate the interstitial cells called the ___cells to make and RELEASE testosterone into the testes and the blood.

A

LH,
Leydig cells

42
Q

The hormone ___ is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics and stimulates the process of sperm production in the testes.

A

Testosterone

43
Q

In the female reproductive system, the ___ produce estrogen that CONTROLS the growth and release of eggs from the ovaries.

A

Follicles

44
Q

Together with [estrogen] is another hormone known as ___ which PREPARES the uterus so that the fertilized egg can grow in it

A

Progesterone

45
Q

It is also responsible for PREVENTING MUSCLE contraction of the uterus that can cause the egg to detach from the uterus.

A

Progesterone

46
Q

The hormone ___ produced by follicle cells inhibits FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) production.

A

Inhibin

47
Q

___ and ___ plays in the regulation of estrogen-progesterone levels.

A

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone)

48
Q

Hormonal ___ will occur if the organs and hormones of your body do not produce the right amount of ___ needed which in turn may lead to some ___.

A

Hormonal IMBALANCE…

right amount of CHEMICALS…

may lead to some DYSFUNCTIONS.

49
Q

[GLAND & HORMONE] Egg maturation

A

Ovary - Progesterone

50
Q

[GLAND & HORMONE] Extra strength during fires

A

Adrenal - Adrenaline

50
Q

[GLAND & HORMONE] Adam’s apple becomes bigger

A

Testes - Testosterone

51
Q

[GLAND & HORMONE] Building up of the immune system by T-cell production

A

Thymus - Thymosin

52
Q

[GLAND & HORMONE] Consumption of sugar-rich foods

A

Pancreas - Insulin

53
Q

The (1) system consists of (2) that secrete chemicals called (3) that control various body processes. This control system usually brings about slow changes in the (4) because hormones move through the circulatory system. The major glands in the body are the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, (5) and testes.

A
  1. Endocrine
  2. Glands
  3. Hormones
  4. Body
  5. Ovaries
54
Q

Reproductive glands of endocrine system release sex hormones to keep the male and female reproductive systems properly. The (6) of male which lie in the scrotum, secretes hormones called (7); the most important of which is testosterone. These hormones are secreted that affect many male characteristics such as the development of secondary sexual characteristics like the growth of hair in various body parts as well as (8) production. On the other hand, the (9) of the female produce estrogen and (10). These hormones cause the development of female
sexual characteristics like breast enlargement and in the regulation and maintenance of menstruation and pregnancy, respectively.

A
  1. Testes
  2. Androgens
  3. Sperm
  4. Ovaries
  5. Progesterone
55
Q

12.What is the purpose of the thyroid gland?
A. It releases insulin and glucagon to regulate sugar level.
B. It releases thyroxin and insulin to stimulate growth.
C. It releases thyroxin and calcitonin.
D. It releases adrenaline to prepare the body for action.

A

C. It releases thyroxin and calcitonin.

56
Q

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the function of the endocrine system?
A. controls sexual reproduction
B. collect sensory input from the body
C. maintains homeostasis
D. regulate growth

A

B. collect sensory input from the body

57
Q
  1. What gland is being stimulated during exercise?
    A. adrenal
    B. parathyroid
    C. pituitary
    D. thyroid
A

D. thyroid

58
Q

Which gland may enlarge due to an iodine deficiency?

A

Thyroid gland

59
Q

After consuming ice cream, which hormones would be expected to increase?

A

Insulin

60
Q

In times of emergency, what gland has an increased secretion?

A

Adrenal gland

61
Q

Which gland is responsible for flight or fight response?

A

Adrenal gland

62
Q

It is composed of glands that secrete different types of hormones that affect almost every cell, organ, and function of our body.

A

Endocrine System

63
Q

Hormones are capable of changing the physiological and metabolic behaviors of their target cells to maintain ___.

A

Homeostasis

64
Q

What are all the major glands in the endocrine system?

A
  • pituitary,
  • thyroid,
  • parathyroid,
  • thymus,
  • adrenal,
  • pancreas,
  • ovaries,
  • testes,
  • & pineal.
65
Q

Reproduction is a ___ process controlled by hormones.

A

Is a NORMAL process

66
Q

It affects the DEVELOPMENT of the follicles and
MATURATION of the egg as well as the PROCESS of ovulation.

A

FSH and LH

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