Endocrine System

Question 1

The chemical messengers sent out by the organs of the endocrine system are:
a. glucose
b. enzymes
c. hormones
d. nerve impulses

Answer 1

c.
hormones

Question 2

Which of the following statements about endocrine glands is false?

a. they may be controlled by levels of chemicals or other hormones in the blood
b. they secrete hormones directly into their target organs by means of a duct
c. they secrete hormones that are designed to specifically affect the target organ and no other
d. they secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream

Answer 2

b.
they secrete hormones directly into their target organs by means of a duct

Question 3

Which of the following are classed as endocrine glands?
a. ovary
b. pancreas
c. thyroid gland
d. all of the above

Answer 3

d.
all of the above

Question 4

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary?
a. ACTH
b. TSH
c. ADH
d. FSH

Answer 4

c.
ADH

Question 5

Which of the following hormones has an effect on the kidney?
a. ADH
b. oxytocin
c. TSH
d. calcitonin

Answer 5

a.
ADH

Question 6

Which of the following is not secreted by the adrenal cortex?
a. aldosterone
b. cortisol
c. oestrogen
d. adrenaline

Answer 6

d.
adrenaline

Question 7

When an animal is very frightened and likely to attack you, which of the following is happening inside the animal?
a. salivary secretion increases so the animal dribbles
b. blood glucose levels rise
c. respiratory rate slows down
d. levels of cortisol and corticosterone in the blood decrease

Answer 7

b.
blood glucose levels rise

Question 8

Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia and bilateral symmetrical alopecia are symptoms of:
a. diabetes mellitus
b. diabetes insipidus
c. Addison’s disease
d. Cushing’s disease

Answer 8

d.
Cushing’s disease

Question 9

Testosterone is secreted by which cells? a. islets of Langerhans
b. Sertoli cells
c. Brunner’s glands
d. cells of Leydig

Answer 9

d.
cells of Leydig

Question 10

Hypoglycaemia or lowered blood glucose will stimulate the secretion of which pancreatic hormone?
a. glucagon
b. insulin
c. antidiuretic hormone
d. somatostatin

Answer 10

a.
glucagon

Question 11

Short Answer

List the hormones that are excreted by the pituitary gland

Question 12

Short Answer

Describe the cause and clinical signs of the following conditions:
i. Addison’s disease
ii. pyometra
iii. diabetes insipidus

Question 13

What system does the Endocrine system work alongside?

Answer 13

Nervous system

Question 14

What is another name for an endocrine gland?

Answer 14

A ductless gland

Question 15

What do endocrine/ductless glands secrete?

Answer 15

Secrete chemical messengers, known as hormones

Question 16

Where do ductless glands secrete?

Answer 16

Into the surrounding tissues or into the blood to be carried to their target organs

Question 17

How are hormones carried around the body?

Answer 17

In the blood

Question 18

What are exocrine glands?

Answer 18

Glands which produce secretions into ducts
+
Lie close to their effector organs

Question 19

What are the 5 types of substances that exocrine glands can secrete?

Answer 19

1. Sweat
2. Tears
3. Saliva
4. Milk
5. Digestive juices

Question 20

Name 3 types of hormones

Answer 20

• Steroids
• Proteins
• Amines (Amino acids)

Question 21

What are the main/general purpose of hormones?

Answer 21

To REGULATE the ACTIVITY of their target organ
that RESPONDS to that particular hormone!!

All other organs are unaffected

Question 22

What works faster, the Nervous system or the Endocrine system?

Answer 22

Nervous system

Question 22

What is the difference, despite the response time, between the Nervous + Endocrine system?

Answer 22

The Endocrine system has a longer, lasting affect
+
Compliments the Nervous system response

Question 22

What triggers the secretion/release of a hormone?

Answer 22

A specific stimulus

Question 23

Name the 7 ENDOCRINE gland of the body?

Answer 23

1. Pituitary gland 2. Thyroid gland 3. Parathyroid gland 4. Pancreas 5. Ovaries 6. Testes 7. Adrenal gland

Question 23

State the 4 types of specific stimuli that can stimiuli secretion

Answer 23

1. Nervous impulses 2. A stimulating/releasing hormone 3. Chemical levels within the blood 4. Feedback loops

Question 23

Give an example of a hormone that responds to nervous impulse

Answer 23

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

Question 23

Where is Adrenaline released from?

Answer 23

The Adrenal Medulla

Question 24

Give an example of a hormone that responds to a 'releasing' hormone

Answer 24

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Question 24

What stimulates the secretion of Epinephrine? ## Footnote Epi = surrounding 'Neph' = nephron !!

Answer 24

Nerve impulses from the SNS (Sympathetic Nervous System)

Question 25

Where is TSH produced?

Answer 25

Anterior Pituitary gland

Question 25

What does TSH activate?

Answer 25

The Thyroid gland

Question 26

Give an example of a hormone that can be stimulated by the release of some hormones? + What is it responding to?

Answer 26

Insulin + Raised blood glucose levels

Question 27

What endocrine gland secretes Insulin, when stimulated?

Answer 27

The Pancreas

Question 27

How do feedback loops stimulate the release of certain hormones?

Answer 27

Feedback loops prevent oversecretion + reduce secretion, once the desired affect has taken place

Question 28

Give an example of a hormone that responds to the stimulus of feedback loops

Answer 28

Oestrogen

Question 29

Where is oestrogen secreted from?

Answer 29

The ovarian follicles

Question 30

What is the hormone called that, once Oestrogen has been released, prevents further secretion of that hormone?

Answer 30

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Question 31

Where is FSH secreted from?

Answer 31

The Anterior Pitutary gland

Question 32

What does FSH do?

Answer 32

Prevents further follicular development

Question 32

What organs

Question 32

Can hormones be secreted by non-endocrine glands?

Answer 32

Yes