Endocrine System Flashcards by Cecelia Davis

endocrine glands function

make, store, and release hormones into the bloodstream to coordinate and integrate the activity of the body

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

8 main glands

pituitary gland, thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, testes, ovaries, pineal gland, parathyroid gland

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

pituitary gland divided into

anterior lobe and posterior lobe

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

anterior lobe of pituitary gland made up of

chromophils

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

chromophils divided into

acidophils and basophils

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

basophils are

tropic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

acidophils are

non-tropic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

tropic hormones function

regulate the secretory actions of other endocrine glands

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

basophils produce

thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

TSH

thyroid stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

FSH

follicle stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

luteinizing hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ACTH

adrenocorticotropic hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

thyroid stimulating hormone function

stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

follicle stimulating hormone function

in females, triggers ovulation and stimulates ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone; in males, stimulates testosterone production

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

adrenocorticotropic hormone function

stimulates the release of glucocorticoids and androgens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

acidophils produce

growth hormone and prolactin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

growth hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

PRL

prolactin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

growth hormone function

stimulates body growth and protein synthesis, mobilizes fat and conserves glucose

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

prolactin function

stimulates lactation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

difference between hormones of anterior pituitary gland and posterior pituitary gland

posterior pituitary gland hormones are produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

posterior pituitary gland produces

oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ADH

antidiuretic hormone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

antidiuretic hormone function

stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb more water, reducing urine output and conserving body water

oxytocin function

stimulates powerful uterine contractions during birth, and stimulates milk ejection in lactating mothers

thyroid gland produces

thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and calcitonin

thyroxine

triiodothyronine

T3 and T4 function

increases basal metabolic rate; regulates tissue growth and development

calcitonin function

decreases calcium levels in the blood

adrenal gland divided into

adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla

adrenal cortex contains

zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona reticularis

adrenal medulla produces

epinephrine and norepinephrine

zona glomerulosa produces

mineralocorticoids, mostly aldosterone

zona fasciculata produces

glucocorticoids, mostly cortisol

zona reticularis produces

estrogen, progesterone, testosterone

mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) function

increases reabsorption of sodium and water by the kidney tubules, increases secretion of potassium in urine

glucocorticoid (cortisol) function

promotes the breakdown of fat and protein, promotes stress resistance, inhibits the immune response

estrogen function

promotes the maturation of the female reproductive organs and the development of secondary sex characteristics

progesterone function

regulates menstruation and supports pregnancy

testosterone function

promotes the maturation of the male reproductive organs, the development of secondary sex characteristics, sperm production, sex drive

pancreas is made up of

islets of langerhans

islets of langerhans are made up of

alpha cells and beta cells

alpha cells produce

glucagon

beta cells produce

insulin

glucagon function

accelerates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, stimulates the conversion of lactic acid into glucose, releases glucose into the blood from the liver

insulin function

accelerates the transport of glucose into body cells; promotes glycogen, fat, and protein synthesis

testes produce

testosterone and inhibin

inhibin function

regulates sperm production

ovaries produce

estrogen and progesterone

pineal gland produces

melatonin

melatonin function

regulates sleep-wake cycle

parathyroid gland produces

parathyroid hormone

PTH

parathyroid hormone

parathyroid hormone function

increases blood calcium and stimulates the kidneys to convert vitamin D to calcitriol

adrenal gland

testis

ovary

thyroid gland

pituitary gland

parathyroid gland

pancreas

anterior lobe of pituitary

posterior lobe of pituitary

thyroid gland

parathyroid gland

parathyroid

zona glomerulosa

zona fasciculata

zona reticularis

adrenal medulla

zona glomerulosa

zona fasciculata

zona reticularis

adrenal medulla

adrenal cortex

zona glomerulosa

zona fasciculata

zona reticularis

adrenal medulla

pancreas

testes

ovary

pineal gland

pancreas

pineal gland

hypothalamus

pituitary gland

thyroid gland

parathyroid gland

thymus

adrenal gland

pancreas

ovary

testes

Endocrine System Flashcards

(125 cards)