Exercise 30 Anatomy of the Heart

Question 1

pericardial sac function

Answer 1

protects the heart, anchors it to surrounding structures, prevents overfilling of the heart with blood

Question 2

parietal pericardium function

Answer 2

lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium

Question 3

visceral pericardium (epicardium) function

Answer 3

visceral layer of the serous pericardium; often infiltrated with fat

Question 4

myocardium function

Answer 4

composed mainly of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart; the layer that contracts

Question 5

interventricular septum function

Answer 5

separates the ventricles

Question 6

endocardium function

Answer 6

lines the heart chambers and covers the fibrous skeleton of the valves

Question 7

right atrium function

Answer 7

receiving chamber for blood returning to the heart from circulation

Question 8

pectinate muscle function

Answer 8

bundles of muscle tissue that forms ridges in the walls

Question 9

fossa ovalis function

Answer 9

shallow depression that marks the spot where an opening existed in the fetal heart

Question 10

superior vena cava function

Answer 10

returns blood from body regions superior to the diaphragm

Question 11

inferior vena cava function

Answer 11

returns blood from body regions below the diaphragm

Question 12

tricuspid valve function

Answer 12

prevents backflow into the atria when the ventricles contract

Question 13

right ventricle function

Answer 13

short, low pressure circulation of deoxygenated blood

Question 14

chordae tendineae function

Answer 14

tendinous cords that anchor the cusps to the papillary muscles protruding from the ventricular walls

Question 15

papillary muscle function

Answer 15

anchors the valve flaps closed

Question 16

trabeculae carneae function

Answer 16

irregular ridges of muscle that mark the internal walls of the ventricular chambers

Question 17

pulmonary trunk function

Answer 17

routes the blood to the lungs where gas exchange occurs

Question 18

pulmonary arteries function

Answer 18

circulates deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 19

pulmonary veins function

Answer 19

transport blood from the lungs back to the heart

Question 20

pulmonary semilunar valve function

Answer 20

guards the bases of the large arteries issuing from the ventricles and prevents backflow into the associated ventricles

Question 21

left atrium function

Answer 21

receiving chamber for blood returning to the heart from circulation

Question 22

mitral valve function

Answer 22

prevents backflow into the atria when the ventricles contract

Question 23

bicuspid valve function

Answer 23

prevents backflow into the atria when the ventricles contract

Question 24

left ventricle function

Answer 24

long, high pressure circulation of oxygenated blood

Question 25

aortic semilunar valve function

Answer 25

guards the bases of the large arteries issuing from the ventricles and prevents backflow from associated ventricles

Question 26

aorta function

Answer 26

largest artery in the body; circulates oxygenated blood throughout the body

Question 27

ligamentum arteriosum function

Answer 27

in fetus, connects aortic arch and pulmonary trunk; helps support the aorta in times of trauma

Question 28

aortic arch function

Answer 28

helps distribute blood to the head and upper extremities

Question 29

left coronary artery function

Answer 29

provides arterial supply of the coronary circulation

Question 30

anterior interventricular artery function

Answer 30

supplies blood to the interventricular septum and anterior walls of both ventricles

Question 31

circumflex artery function

Answer 31

supplies the left atrium and the posterior walls of the left ventricle

Question 32

right coronary artery function

Answer 32

provides arterial supply of the coronary circulation

Question 33

great cardiac vein function

Answer 33

contributes to the venous drainage of the external layer of the myocardium

Question 34

coronary sinus function

Answer 34

collects deoxygenated blood draining from the myocardium

Question 35

1

Answer 35

brachiocephalic artery

Question 36

2

Answer 36

superior vena cava

Question 37

3

Answer 37

right pulmonary artery

Question 38

4

Answer 38

ascending aorta

Question 39

5

Answer 39

pulmonary trunk

Question 40

6

Answer 40

right pulmonary veins

Question 41

7

Answer 41

right atrium

Question 42

8

Answer 42

right coronary artery

Question 43

9

Answer 43

right ventricle

Question 44

10

Answer 44

inferior vena cava

Question 45

11

Answer 45

left common carotid

Question 46

12

Answer 46

left subclavian artery

Question 47

13

Answer 47

aortic arch

Question 48

14

Answer 48

ligamentum arteriosum

Question 49

15

Answer 49

left pulmonary artery

Question 50

16

Answer 50

left pulmonary veins

Question 51

17

Answer 51

circumflex artery

Question 52

18

Answer 52

left coronary artery

Question 53

19

Answer 53

left ventricle

Question 54

20

Answer 54

great cardiac vein

Question 55

21

Answer 55

anterior interventricular artery

Question 56

1

Answer 56

superior vena cava

Question 57

2

Answer 57

right pulmonary artery

Question 58

3

Answer 58

pulmonary trunk

Question 59

4

Answer 59

right atrium

Question 60

5

Answer 60

right pulmonary veins

Question 61

6

Answer 61

fossa ovalis

Question 62

7

Answer 62

pectinate muscle

Question 63

8

Answer 63

tricuspid valve

Question 64

9

Answer 64

right ventricle

Question 65

10

Answer 65

chordae tendinae

Question 66

11

Answer 66

trabeculae carneae

Question 67

12

Answer 67

inferior vena cava

Question 68

13

Answer 68

aorta

Question 69

14

Answer 69

left pulmonary artery

Question 70

15

Answer 70

left atrium

Question 71

16

Answer 71

left pulmonary veins

Question 72

17

Answer 72

mitral/bicuspid valve

Question 73

18

Answer 73

aortic semilunar valve

Question 74

19

Answer 74

pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 75

20

Answer 75

left ventricle

Question 76

21

Answer 76

papillary muscle

Question 77

22

Answer 77

interventricular septum

Question 78

23

Answer 78

epicardium

Question 79

24

Answer 79

myocardium

Question 80

25

Answer 80

endocardium