Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the anterior part of the pituitary gland?

Answer 1

adenohypophysis

Question 2

What is the posterior part of the pituitary gland?

Answer 2

neurohypophysis

Question 3

What is the embryonic origin of neurohypophysis?

Answer 3

infundibulum

Question 4

What is the origin of adenohypophysis?

Answer 4

embryonic rathke’s pouch

Question 5

neurohypophysis is what kind of tissue?

Answer 5

nervous tissue

Question 6

adenohypophysis is what kind of tissue

Answer 6

epithelial tissue

Question 7

The pars distalis and pars intermedia are part of which section of the pituitary gland?

Answer 7

adenohypophysis

Question 8

What are the parts of neurohypophysis?

Answer 8

Median Eminence, Pars Nervosa

Question 9

What gland secretes melatonin?

Answer 9

pineal gland

Question 10

What is the binding site of mammalian melatonin?

Answer 10

suprachiasmatic nucleus in brain

Question 11

The pineal gland is found at the diencephalon. T/F?

Answer 11

T

Question 12

What organ produces glucagon and insulin in mammals?

Answer 12

pancreas

Question 13

What are the functional endocrine units of the pancreas?

Answer 13

islets of langerhans

Question 14

Where does the endocrine islets differentiate?

Answer 14

pancreatic diverticulum

Question 15

What is the function of the parathyroid hormone?

Answer 15

regulate calcium

Question 16

Where does the parathyroid develop from?

Answer 16

3rd & 4th pharyngeal pouches

Question 17

Is the adrenal gland endodermal? Yes or No?

Answer 17

No. It’s mesodermal.

Question 18

What are the 2 components of the adrenal glands?

Answer 18

adrenal cortex & adrenal medulla

Question 19

What cells are present in thyroid hormones?

Answer 19

follicular cells and parafollicular cells

Question 20

What hormone regulates calcium?

Answer 20

calcitonin

Question 21

What does the hormone thymosin regulate?

Answer 21

regulate immune cell production

Question 22

The gland developed from the posterior most pharyngeal pouches and is specifically epithelial?

Answer 22

ultimobranchial gland

Question 23

What gland secretes adrenaline and norepinephrine?

Answer 23

Adrenal Gland (medulla)

Question 23

What is the adrenal medulla referred to as in mammals?

Answer 23

paraganglia

Question 23

Which part of the adrenal gland produces steroid hormones?

Answer 23

adrenal cortex

Question 24

What do ultimobrachial bodies secrete?

Answer 24

calcitonin

Question 25

Ultimobrachial bodies are homologous to what structure present in mammals?

Answer 25

parafollicular cells

Question 26

Give an example of a ductless gland that is neurosecretory.

Answer 26

Urophysis

Question 27

What hormone does the urophysis secrete?

Answer 27

urotensins

Question 28

What is the function of urotensin?

Answer 28

osmoregulation

Question 29

Where are the corpuscles of Stannius found?

Answer 29

kidney

Question 30

What cells are associated with the afferent and efferent arterioles of the glomerulus at the nephron?

Answer 30

Juxtaglomerular Cells (Complex)

Question 31

What hormone does the Juxtaglomerular Complex secrete?

Answer 31

renin

Question 32

Renin is an angiotensinogenase. How does this relate to its function?

Answer 32

angiotensin induces aldosteron (for osmoregulation) production.

Question 33

What is the mass of capillaries found in the kidneys which functions for the filtration of blood?

Answer 33

glomerulus

Question 34

What hormone stimulate the sodium and water reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts?

Answer 34

aldosterone

Question 35

What stores and releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus into the blood stream?

Answer 35

neurohypophysis

Question 36

What is the primary hormone of the thyroid gland?

Answer 36

Thyroxine

Question 37

What hormones does the intestinal mucosa secrete?

Answer 37

Gastrin (secretion for gastric acid) & Secretin (stomach acid neutralization)

Question 38

Which glands are ectodermal in origin?

Answer 38

pituitary gland, pineal gland, urophysis

Question 39

Which glands/tissues are endodermal in origin?

Answer 39

thyroid, ultimobranchial body, pancreatic islets, intestinal mucosa

Question 40

What glands/tissues are mesodermal in origin?

Answer 40

chromaffin tissue, corpuscles of stannius, gonad