Endocrine System

Question 1

Endocrine system

Answer 1

signaling by hormones cause long term changes, chemical signals that travel via circulatory system

Question 2

amino acid derived hormones

Answer 2

usually with Tyrosine; ex; epinephrine, thyroxine

Question 3

epinephrine

Answer 3

water soluble hormone involved in stress response

Question 4

thyroxine

Answer 4

lipid soluble hormone involved in determining metabolic rate

Question 5

polypeptide hormones

Answer 5

ex: gastrin, glucagon, insulin, leptin, secretin

Question 6

eicosanoids

Answer 6

made from essential fatty acids; ex: prostaglandins, endocannabinoids

Question 7

Prostaglandin

Answer 7

mediate inflammation in response
to injury

Question 8

Anandamide

Answer 8

molecule THC is mimicking

Question 9

steroid hormones

Answer 9

made from cholesterol and are lipid soluble

Question 10

cortisol

Answer 10

• long term response to stress
• suppresses immune response

Question 11

estradiol

Answer 11

• female reproduction
• female secondary sex
  characteristics

Question 12

testosterone

Answer 12

• male reproduction
• male secondary sex
  characteristics

Question 13

water-soluble hormones

Answer 13

polypeptide hormones; receptor only in plasma membrane

Question 14

lipid-soluble hormones

Answer 14

steroid hormones; receptor in nucleus or cytoplasm, function by
activating the transcription of specific genes in target cells

Question 15

Rapid Response to Stress

Answer 15

caused by epinephrine made by adrenal medulla, increase BP and heart rate

Question 16

Slow Response to Stress

Answer 16

caused by cortisol made by adrenal cortex, increased metabolism and suppressed immune system

Question 17

Dilated vessel

Answer 17

hormones bind to increase blood flow to areas of high activity

Question 18

cortisol

Answer 18

response to long term stress, triggers break down of fats and proteins, controlled by hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, released by adrenal cortex

Question 19

tropic hormones

Answer 19

hormones secreted by target cells of pituitary hormones to make other hormones

Question 20

thyroid hormone

Answer 20

T3 and T4; metabolic rate, temp regulation, BP, heart rate, muscle growth

Question 21

only molecules in the body containing iodine

Answer 21

T3 and T4 (thyroid hormone)

Question 22

goiter

Answer 22

deficient production of thyroid hormones causes elevated TSH will cause growth of thyroid gland

Question 23

pituitary growth hormone

Answer 23

determinant of our height, targets liver and stimulates the production of IGF-1 which stimulate bone and muscle growth

Question 24

acromegaly and gigantism

Answer 24

hypersecretion of GH, often caused by pituitary tumor

Question 25

posterior pituitary

Answer 25

contains the axonal termini of hypothalamus neurosecretory neurons, ex: ADH, oxytocin

Question 26

ADH

Answer 26

important in regulating the kidney

Question 27

oxytocin

Answer 27

stimulates uterine contraction during birth, and then release of milk during nursing. AND has a phycological role: it encourages bonding between mother and child.