ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Question 1

What does the hypothalamus secrete?

Answer 1

GnRH – Stimulates FSH and LH release.
TRH – Stimulates TSH release.

Question 2

What does the anterior pituitary secrete?

Answer 2

GH – Promotes growth and metabolism.
ACTH – Stimulates cortisol production ( stress response)

Question 3

What does the posterior pituitary secrete?

Answer 3

ADH – Promotes kidney water reabsorption.
Oxytocin – Stimulates uterine contractions.

Question 4

What does the pineal gland secrete?

Answer 4

Melatonin – Regulates sleep-wake cycles.

Question 5

What does the thyroid gland secrete?

Answer 5

T3/T4 – Control metabolism and development.
Calcitonin – Lowers blood calcium.

Question 6

What does the parathyroid gland secrete?

Answer 6

PTH – Increases blood calcium levels.

Question 7

What does the thymus secrete?

Answer 7

Thymosin – Matures T-cells for immune response.

Question 8

What does the adrenal cortex secrete?

Answer 8

Cortisol – Manages stress and metabolism.
Aldosterone – Regulates salt/water balance.

Question 9

What does the adrenal medulla secrete?

Answer 9

Epinephrine – Triggers fight-or-flight.
Norepinephrine – Increases blood pressure.

Question 10

What does the pancreas secrete?

Answer 10

Insulin – Lowers blood glucose.
Glucagon – Raises blood glucose.

Question 11

What do the ovaries secrete?

Answer 11

Estrogen – Develops female traits, regulates cycle.
Progesterone – Maintains uterus.

Question 12

What do the testes secrete?

Answer 12

Testosterone – Develops male traits, produces sperm.
Inhibin – Inhibits FSH.

Question 13

What does the placenta secrete?

Answer 13

hCG – Maintains pregnancy in early stages.
hPL – Prepares mother’s body for nursing.