Endocrine System Flashcards
adren/o, adrenal/o
adrenal gland, epinepherine
adrenocortic/o
adrenal cortex
endocrin/o
endocrine glands or system
hypophys/o
pituitary gland, hypophysis
insul/o
pancreatic islets
parathyr/o, parathyroid/o
parathyroid gland
pituitar/o
pituitary gland, hypophysis
thyr/o, throid/o
thyroid gland
endocrine gland
ductless, secretes hormones directly into the blood stream
exocrine gland
has a duct that secretes outward to the body’s surface
adrenal gland
ductless, pyramid shape found on the kidneys
medulla on adrenal gland
secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
cortex on adrenal gland
secretes steroids (glucocorticoids, mineral corticoids, and adrenal estrogen and androgen)
carotid body
chemoreciptor organ located on the carotid artery that regulates respiration and pH balance
pancreas
exocrine gland and endocrine structure that controls blood sugar levels with the hormones insulin and glucagon
parathyroid gland
small round bodies located on the thyroid that regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism
pituitary gland
aka the hypophysis cerebri- single gland has two parts:
- posterior pituitary secretes oxytocin, responsible for uterine contractions and milk let-down, and Vasopressin, an antidiuretic
- anterior pituitary secretes ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, GH, MSH, and PRL
thymus gland
composed of lymphoid tissue and located in chest
- helps regulate humoral immune function
- does much of its work in early childhood and is largest shortly after birth
- may be replaced by fat after puberty
thyroid gland
regulates metabolism and serum calcium levels through secretion of thyroid hormone and calcitonin
endochrinologist
physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the endocrine system
euthyroid
normal thyroid gland activity
glandular
pertaining to a gland
hyperkalemia
excessive potassium in the blood
hyperthyroidism
excessive secretion of thyroid hormone
