endocrine system- book

Question 1

hormones work on specific areas called

Answer 1

target tissues

Question 2

what type of chemical signal acts locally and on the same cell type which secreted it

Answer 2

autocrine

Question 3

what type of chemical signal acts locally and on a different cell type than the secreting cell

Answer 3

paracrine

Question 4

what type of chemical center enters the blood and travels some distance to its target tissue

Answer 4

hormone

Question 5

what type of chemical signal is released into the synapse between neurons

Answer 5

neurotransmitter

Question 6

what type of chemical signal is secreted into the environment and affects other individuals

Answer 6

pheromone

Question 7

what 2 body systems are the controlling systems of the body

Answer 7

endocrine and nervous

Question 8

what type of chemical signal will pass freely through the plasma membrane

Answer 8

lipid soluble

Question 9

a water soluble chemical signal will most likely work where

Answer 9

the outside of the cell

Question 10

a lipid soluble chemical signal is most likely to work where

Answer 10

the inside of the cell

Question 11

most hormones are regulated by

Answer 11

negative feedback

Question 12

which hormone is an example of the nervous system regulating the release of a hormone

Answer 12

norepinephrine

Question 13

when one hormone regulates the release of another hormone, this is called a

Answer 13

tropic hormone

Question 14

what hormone has a very rapid effect and a short half life

Answer 14

epinephrine

Question 15

what hormone follows very regular patterns

Answer 15

estrogen

Question 16

what hormone follows a very constant pattern and changes little over time

Answer 16

thyroid hormone

Question 17

the hypothalamus connects to the anterior pituitary by the

Answer 17

hypothalamohypophysical portal system

Question 18

the hypothalamus connects to the posterior pituitary by the

Answer 18

hypothalamohypophysical tract system

Question 19

a portal system is

Answer 19

two capillaries with a direct connection

Question 20

the hypothalamohypophysical tract system is

Answer 20

a bundle of axons

Question 21

what is also known as the neurohypophysis

Answer 21

posterior pituitary

Question 22

the hormones which travel from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary will always have what in the name

Answer 22

releasing or inhibiting

Question 23

the posterior pituitary produces how many hormones

Answer 23

0

Question 24

the posterior pituitary releases how many hormones

Answer 24

2

Question 25

the anterior pituitary produces and releases how many hormones

Answer 25

7

Question 26

which of the following is a neurohormone

Answer 26

ADH

Question 27

which hormone can cause uterine contractions and milk release

Answer 27

oxytocin

Question 28

a nursing baby is likely to cause the release of

Answer 28

oxytocin

Question 29

a baby growing inside the uterus will cause the release of

Answer 29

oxytocin

Question 30

the release of ADH will cause urine output to

Answer 30

decrease

Question 31

if the body releases less ADH, urine output will

Answer 31

increase

Question 32

if a person is losing a large amount of blood, you would expect ADH secretion to

Answer 32

increase

Question 33

if a person has chronic high blood pressure, you would expect ADH secretion to

Answer 33

decrease

Question 34

if a physician wishes to prevent a woman from going into labor, she would block what hormone

Answer 34

oxytocin

Question 35

ADH will do what to sodium and water absorption in the kidneys

Answer 35

increase

Question 36

ADH attempts to do what to blood pressure

Answer 36

increase

Question 37

which hormone will increase milk production

Answer 37

prolactin

Question 38

which hormone will darken the skin

Answer 38

MSH

Question 39

which hormone would be released if a person is starving

Answer 39

lipotropins

Question 40

if a person has fractured a humerus, you would expect what hormone to be released

Answer 40

beta endorphins

Question 41

which hormone is responsible for raising the metabolism

Answer 41

thyroid hormone

Question 42

which hormone will increase the number of mitochondria within our cells and make the mitochondria more active

Answer 42

thyroid hormone

Question 43

if a person is exercising intensely everyday you would expect what hormone to be elevated

Answer 43

thyroid hormone

Question 44

what hormone targets the adrenal cortex

Answer 44

ACTH

Question 45

when a person uses a test kit to determine the best time to become pregnant, the kit will check for elevated levels of what hormone

Answer 45

LH

Question 46

the pineal gland releases which hormone

Answer 46

melatonin

Question 47

which hormone requires iodine in its production

Answer 47

T3 and T4

Question 48

which hormone works to decrease blood calcium levels

Answer 48

calcitonin

Question 49

which hormone will inhibit osteoclast activity

Answer 49

calcitonin

Question 50

which hormone works to increase blood calcium levels

Answer 50

PTH

Question 51

which of the following is not a target tissue of PTH

Answer 51

blood

Question 52

which organ will be found on the superior poles of the kidneys

Answer 52

adrenals

Question 53

the adrenal medulla is part of the

Answer 53

sympathetic nervous system

Question 54

the adrenal medulla will release

Answer 54

epinephrine

Question 55

activation of the adrenal medulla is likely to cause

Answer 55

rapid heart rate

Question 56

if a person has acidosis, you would expect aldosterone secretion to

Answer 56

increase

Question 57

if a person was low on potassium, aldosterone secretion would

Answer 57

decrease

Question 58

which hormone would be used to treat inflammation

Answer 58

cortisol

Question 59

after eating a meal, insulin secretion will

Answer 59

increase

Question 60

hours after a meal, insulin levels will be

Answer 60

low

Question 61

insulin works to do what to blood sugar levels

Answer 61

lower

Question 62

glucagon works to do what to blood sugar levels

Answer 62

raise

Question 63

after hours of intense exercise glucagon levels will be

Answer 63

high

Question 64

which would be a target tissue for glucagon

Answer 64

liver

Question 65

most common form of diabetes

Answer 65

type 2 diabetes mellitus

Question 66

type 1 diabetes mellitus is caused by

Answer 66

an autoimmune disease

Question 67

a person is no longer producing insulin with what form of diabetes

Answer 67

type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 68

thymosin is needed for proper functioning of what system

Answer 68

lymphatic

Question 69

atrial natriuretic hormone will do what to urine output

Answer 69

raise

Question 70

atrial natriuretic hormone is released when blood pressure is

Answer 70

high

Question 71

erythropoietin is released when oxygen delivery is

Answer 71

low

Question 72

the target tissue for erythropoietin is

Answer 72

bone marrow