endocrine system SQ's

Question 1

Nervous impulses (AP’s) can cause

Answer 1

endocrine secretion

Question 2

What would bind to receptors on cell membrane but NOT to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus of cell?

Answer 2

1. Peptide Hormones

2. Lipid insoluble hormones

Question 3

The releasing and inhibiting hormones, which control secretion of the _________ pituitary, come from the __________.

Answer 3

Anterior, Hypothalamus

Question 4

What hormones are secreted from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 4

1. thyroid stimulating hormone
2. follicle-stimulating hormone
3. growth hormone
4. Prolactin

Question 5

What pituitary is glandular tissue?

Answer 5

Anterior

Question 6

What pituitary is nervous tissue?

Answer 6

Posterior

Question 7

Growth hormone causes an increase in

Answer 7

1. Blood glucose

2. protein synthesis

Question 8

Thyroid hormones:

Answer 8

1. increased basal metabolic rate
2. increase responsiveness to epinephrine and norepinephrine
3. are stored as part of the thryroglobulin molecule in the colloid of the thyroid gland or follicles
4. contain iodine
5. t3 has more activity or is more potent than T4
6. are NOT tropic hormones
7. increase oxygen consumption and heat production
8. iodine is necessary in the diet for hormones to be synthesized
9. t4 can be converted to T3 in the tissues
10. thyroglobulin contains thyroid hormones

Question 9

Complete removal of the parathyroid glands but no one other glands will cause…

Answer 9

Spontaneous depolarizations

Question 10

Activation of vitamin D in the kidney is stimulated by

Answer 10

Parathyroid gland

Question 11

What effect does parathyroid hormone have on calcium reabsorption and phosphate ion excretion in the kidney?

Answer 11

INCREASES both

Question 12

The adrenal cortex secretes

Answer 12

Sex hormones

Question 13

What is true about cortisol?

Answer 13

1. is a glucocoticoid
2. has anti-insulin effects (ex. blood glucose)
3. used at high concentrations (pharmacological level) has an anti-inflammatory effect
4. important in adaption to stress
5. increases blood glucose, fatty acids, & amino acids

Question 14

Hypophysiotropic hormones (or releasing & inhibiting hormones)

Answer 14

1. are secreted by the hypothalamus

2. Control secretion of the anterior pituitary

Question 15

What is secreted from the posterior pituitary (neurohypopysis)?

Answer 15

1. Ocytocin

2. ADH

Question 16

Concerning Thyroid hormones:

Answer 16

1. increase oxygen consumption and heat production
2. iodine is necessary in the diet for hormones to be synthesized
3. t4 can be converted to T3 in the tissues
4. thyroglobulin contains thyroid hormones

Question 17

Hormones can cause

Answer 17

1. decreased synthesis of a protein
2. a change in the activity of proteins already present in the cell
3. increased synthesis of proteins

Question 18

Increase cortisol decreases

Answer 18

1. CRH secretion

2. ACTH secretion

Question 19

The target cells of tropic hormones are?

Answer 19

Endocrine gland cells

Question 20

What are the effects of a parathyroid hormone?

Answer 20

1. increase calcium reabsorption in the kidney
2. increases phosphate ion excretion
3. stimulates activation of vitamin D in the kidneys
4. increases blood calcium levels

Question 21

If the cell does not have a receptor for hormone…

Answer 21

it CANNOT not respond to the hormone

Question 22

What hormones bind to receptors inside the cell in the cytoplasm or nucleus and cause protein synthesis?

Answer 22

Lipid soluble hormones

Question 23

The posterior pituitary secretes…

Answer 23

ADH

Question 24

What develops as a downward growth of the hypothalamus?

Answer 24

The posterior pituitary

Question 25

What affects the growth hormones have?

Answer 25

1. Causes insulin like growth factor I (IGF-I) release from the liver 2. increases protein synthesis 3. Increases fatty acids in the blood

Question 26

Parathyroid hormones are more important than Calcitonin in controlling what?

Answer 26

Plasma calcium levels in a normal person

Question 27

What are the ductless glands?

Answer 27

Endocrine glands

Question 28

Which part of the pituitary gland develops as an upward projection of the pharynx and it's tissue is glandular tissue?

Answer 28

Interior pituitary

Question 29

What is associated or part of the milk letdown reflex?

Answer 29

1. suckling causes impulses to go to the hypothalamus 2. oxytocin is released or secreted 3. oxytocin causes contraction of the myoepithelial cells 4. milk is ejected into the ducks of the breasts

Question 30

The hypophsiotropic hormones or releasing and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus control the secretions of the _________________ pituitary.

Answer 30

anterior and posterior ** they reach it by traveling in the blood

Question 31

Target cells of tropic hormones are?

Answer 31

Endocrine gland cells

Question 32

Describe colloid...

Answer 32

1. inside follicles of the thyroid gland | 2. contains thyroglobulin (which contains thyroid hormones)

Question 33

Hypersecretion of adrenal androgens would cause

Answer 33

Masculine as a nation of a young child or masculinization of a woman of bearded lady

Question 34

What is associated with are likely to occur with the lack of iodine in a diet?

Answer 34

1. goiter | 2. high TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone or thyrotropin)

Question 35

Are there other second messengers besides cAMP?

Answer 35

YES

Question 36

What hormone has both a releasing and inhibiting hormone that controls its secretion?

Answer 36

Growth hormone

Question 37

What is secreted from the adrenal cortex?

Answer 37

1. aldosterone 2. cortisol 3. sex hormones