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Physics GCSE > Energy (10) > Flashcards

Energy (10) Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

What is the law of the conservation of energy

A

That energy can never be created nor destroyed, only ever transferred form one form to another

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2
Q

What are the nine types of energy

A 
Gravitational Potential
Light
Electrical
Nuclear
Kinetic
Sound
Elastic Potential
Chemical
Thermal
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3
Q

Gravitational potential, elastic potential and chemical energy are all forms of _________ energy - waiting to be turned into other forms

A

Stored

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4
Q

What is energy conservation

A

Using fewer resources because of the damage they can do and because they might run out

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5
Q

Most energy transferred involve some losses, often as _______

A

Heat

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6
Q

Useful devices are only useful because they can __________ energy from one from to another. In doing so, some of the useful ________ energy is always lost or wasted often as ________

A

Convert
Input
Heat

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7
Q

The less energy that is wasted, the more ____________ the device is said to be

A

Efficient

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8
Q

A _____________ is a device which turns one type of energy into another

A

Machine

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9
Q

You can give efficiency as a Decimal or a ____________

A

Percentage, i.e. 0.75 or 75%

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10
Q

Ultimately, all energy ends up as _________ energy

A

Heat

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11
Q

Electrical devices convert ___________ energy into heat, sound, light.

A

Electrical

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12
Q

Batteries convert ____________ energy into ____________ energy to run electrical devices

A

Chemical

Electrical

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13
Q

Gravitational and elastic potential always gets converted into ___________ energy fast

A

Kinetic

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14
Q

Electricity generation always involves converting other forms of energy into ____________ energy

A

Electrical

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15
Q

Heat energy can be transferred by ___________, ___________ or ______________

A

Radiation
Conduction
Convection

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16
Q

Thermal (infra-red) radiation is the transfer of heat energy by _______________ waves

A

Electromagnetic

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17
Q

Conduction and convection involve the transfer of energy by _____________

A

Particles

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18
Q

___________is the main form of heat transfer in solids

A

Conduction

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19
Q

_____________ is the main form of heat transfer in liquids and gases

A

Convection

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20
Q

Emission of thermal radiation occurs in solids, liquids and gases. Any object can both __________ and ________ heat radiation, whether or not conduction or convection are also taking place

A

Absorb

Emit

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21
Q

The bigger the heat difference, the ___________ heat is transferred between a body and its surrounding

A

Faster

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22
Q

Heat radiation can also be ____________ radiation, and it consists purely of electromagnetic waves of a certain range of _____________. It’s next to visible light in the electromagnetic ____________

A

Infra-red
Frequencies
Spectrum

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23
Q

All objects are continually emitting and absorbing ________ radiation

A

Heat

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24
Q

An object that’s hotter than its surroundings __________ more radiation than it __________. It gets ____________.

A

Emits
Absorbs
Cooler

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25
An object that's cooler than its surroundings _________ more radiation than it __________. It gets _____________
Absorbs more than it emits. It gets hotter.
26
You can feel heat radiation if you stand near something ______ like a fire
Hot
27
In a ________, particles are held tightly together. So when one particle vibrates, what happens
Solid When one particle vibrates, it collides with other particles nearby and the vibrations quickly pass from particle to particle.
28
Conduction of heat is the process where vibrating particles pass on their extra ____________ energy to neighbouring particles
Kinetic
29
The process of conduction continues throughout the solid and gradually some of the extra kinetic energy (or heat) is passed all the way through the solid, causing a rise in ________________ at the other side of the solid. Hence an increase in the heat ______________ from its surface
Temperature | Radiation
30
Of the 3 heat transfer methods, radiation is the only one that works through a ____________ since it doesn't rely on there being any _____________ about. This is how we get heat from the _____ across the great __________ of space.
Vacuum Particles Sun Vacuum
31
Convection occurs when the more energetic particles move from the ____________ region to the ____________ region - and take their _______ energy with them
Hotter Cooler Heat
32
Why can't convection happen in solids
Because the particles can't move
33
Convection is most effective in ________ containers because they allow the convection currents to work best
Roundish
34
Heating a room with a radiator relies on convection currents too. _______, ________ dense air given out by the radiator rises and _______, _______, more _________ air flows to replace it
Hot, less dense Replaces Cold, more dense
35
Name 3 ways to insulate your house
``` Double glazing Loft insulation Thick curtains Hot water tank jacket Draught proofing Cavity wall insulation ```
36
What does loft insulation prevent
Conduction | Convection
37
What does draught proofing prevent
Convection
38
What does cavity wall insulation prevent
Conduction Convection Radiation
39
What do thick curtains prevent
Conduction | Convection
40
What does double glazing prevent
Conduction | Convection
41
What does a hot water tank jacket prevent
Conduction | Radiation
42
Work done is just energy ___________
Energy transferred
43
When a force moves an object, energy is _____________ and work is ______
Transferred | Done
44
Equation for work done
Work Done = Force x Distance moved
45
Power is the _______ of doing _______
Rate | Work
46
Power =
Work done / time taken
47
Power is measured in _______ or __ / __
Watts | J/s
48
Anything that is moving has ___________ energy
Kinetic energy
49
The kinetic energy of something depends on both its _________ and __________
Mass and speed
50
Kinetic energy formula
Kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass x velocity²
51
Gravitational potential energy formula:
GPE = Mass x gravity x height
52
GPE is a way of storing ___________ energy
Kinetic
53
You have to put work in to move something to increase its gravitational potential energy, and that energy is only released when the object _________
Falls
54
Falling objects convert what into what
GPE into KE
55
Kinetic energy gained =
Gravitational potential energy lost
56
There are different types of energy resource. What are the 2 broad types that they fit into.
Renewable | Non-renewable
57
Name 3 non-renewable fossil fuels
Coal Oil Natural gas Nuclear fuels (plutonium)
58
Fossil fuels will _____ _____ one day. They also do __________ to the environment. Fossil fuels provide most of out __________
Run out Damage Energy
59
Advantages of fossil fuels:
They release a lot of energy relatively cheaply Reliable, don't rely on weather We already have a lot of of fossil fuel power stations, so we don't have to spend money on new technology
60
Disadvantages of fossil fuels:
They all release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere which contributes to global warming and climate change Oil and coal release sulfur dioxide which cause acid rain They will run out

Physics GCSE (22 decks)

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