States Of Matter (10)

Question 1

Density is ________ per unit _________

Answer 1

Mass per unit volume

Question 2

Density is a measure of the ‘______________’ of a substance

Answer 2

‘Compactness’

Question 3

Density = (equation)

Answer 3

Mass / volume

Question 4

The density of an object depends on what it’s made of. Density doesn’t vary with _______

Answer 4

Size or shape

Question 5

The average ___________ of an object determines whether it floats or sinks

Answer 5

Density

Question 6

A solid object will float on a fluid if it has a __________ density than the fluid

Answer 6

Lower

Question 7

To measure the density of a substance, take measurements of the ________ and ____________ and use the formula:

Answer 7

Mass
Volume
Density = mass / volume

Question 8

Pressure is ___________ per unit _________

Answer 8

Force per unit area

Question 9

1 pascal is defined as ___ N/m²

Answer 9

1 N/m²

Question 10

Pressure is the measure of the _________ being applied to the surface of something

Answer 10

Force

Question 11

The same force applied over a larger area creates a __________ pressure

Answer 11

Lower

Question 12

The same force applied over a smaller area creates a ___________ pressure

Answer 12

Higher

Question 13

In gases and liquids at rest, the pressure at any point acts _____________ in all directions

Answer 13

Equally

Question 14

In gases and liquids, pressure increases with ________

Answer 14

Depth

Question 15

Pressure difference in liquids and gases depends on ___________ and __________ difference. __________ has an effect too

Answer 15

Density
Height
Gravity

Question 16

What is pressure difference

Answer 16

The difference in pressure between two points in a liquid or gas

Question 17

What is the formula for pressure difference.

Pressure difference =

Answer 17

Pressure difference = height x density x gravity

Question 18

The process of a solid turning to a liquid is called _____________

Answer 18

Melting

Question 19

The process of a liquid turning into a gas is called ____________

Answer 19

Evaporating

Question 20

The process of a gas turning into a liquid is called ____________

Answer 20

Condensing

Question 21

The process of a liquid turning into solid is called ____________

Answer 21

Freezing

Question 22

The particles in each state of matter are the same however the arrangement and ___________ of the particles are different

Answer 22

Energy

Question 23

How are the particles arranged in a solid

Answer 23

Strong forces of attraction hold the particles close together, in a fixed, regular position.
Particles don’t have much energy so they can only vibrate about their fixed positions

Question 24

How are the particles arranged in a liquid

Answer 24

Weaker forces of attraction between particles.
Particles are close together, but can only move past each other, and form irregular arrangements.
They have more energy than a solid
They move in random directions at low speeds

Question 25

How are the particles arranged in a gas

Answer 25

Almost no forces of attraction between the particles Particles have more energy than those in liquids and solids and are free to move Particles travel in random directions and at high speeds

Question 26

What happens when you heat a liquid

Answer 26

The heat energy makes the particles move faster. When the particles eventually have enough energy to overcome their attraction to each other, big bubbles of gas form in the liquid - this is boiling

Question 27

What happens when you heat a solid

Answer 27

Heat energy makes the particles vibrate faster until eventually the the forces between them are overcome and the particles start to move around - this is melting

Question 28

The melting point of a chemical is the temperature at which it turns from a __________ to a ____________

Answer 28

Solid to a liquid

Question 29

The boiling point is the temperature at which a __________ becomes a ______

Answer 29

Liquid becomes a gas

Question 30

________________ is when particles escape from a liquid and become gas particles

Answer 30

Evaporation

Question 31

Particles can evaporate from a liquid at temperatures that are much ____________ than the liquids boiling point

Answer 31

Lower

Question 32

Particles near the surface of a liquid can escape and become gas particles if: (2)

Answer 32

The particles are travelling in the right direction to escape the liquid The particles are travelling fast enough (have enough KE) to overcome the attractive forces of the other particles in the liquid

Question 33

The fastest particles (with the most KE) are the ________ likely to evaporate from the liquid - so when they do, the average speed and ___________ energy of the remaining particles decreases. This decrease in average particle energy means the temperature of the remaining liquid _________ - leaving the liquid ____________. This cooling effect can be really useful - e.g. when you sweat you cool down

Answer 33

Most Kinetic Falls Cooler

Question 34

Kinetic energy is proportional to ___________________

Answer 34

Temperature

Question 35

If you double the temperature (in kelvins) you double the average ____________ energy of the particles

Answer 35

Kinetic

Question 36

What is brownian motion

Answer 36

The theory that large, heavy particles can be moved by smaller, lighter particles travelling at high speeds - which is why the appear to move around randomly.

Question 37

How many Kelvins equals 1°C

Answer 37

273

Question 38

What is absolute zero in kelvins

Answer 38

0

Question 39

What is absolute zero in °C

Answer 39

-273°C

Question 40

What does 0°C represent

Answer 40

Freezing point of water

Question 41

What does 0K represent

Answer 41

Absolute zero

Question 42

What is boiling point in °C

Answer 42

100°C

Question 43

What is boiling point in K

Answer 43

373K

Question 44

What does 373K represent

Answer 44

Boiling point of water

Question 45

What does 273K represent

Answer 45

Freezing point of water

Question 46

If you increase the temperature of something, you give its particles more ____________

Answer 46

Energy

Question 47

If you cool a substance down, you're _____________ the kinetic energy of the particles

Answer 47

Reducing

Question 48

The coldest that anything can ever get is ___K or _______°C - this temperature is known as _______________ _______

Answer 48

0K or -273°C | Absolute zero

Question 49

At absolute zero, atoms have as little ____________ energy as it's possible to get

Answer 49

Kinetic

Question 50

A temperature change of 1°C is a change of ____ kelvin

Answer 50

1 Kelvin

Question 51

To convert from degrees Celsius to Kelvins, just ____ 273

Answer 51

+273 | Add 273

Question 52

To convert from Kelvins to degrees Celsius, just ____ 273

Answer 52

-273 | Subtract 273

Question 53

Particle theory says that colliding gas particles create _____________

Answer 53

Pressure

Question 54

Although gas particles are light, they do weigh something and when they collide with something they exert a ___________on it and they change direction. In a sealed container, gas particles smash against the container's walls - creating an outward ______________

Answer 54

Pressure | Pressure

Question 55

Pressure depends on how ________ the particles are going and how often they hit the walls

Answer 55

Fast

Question 56

If you heat a gas then the particles move faster and have more __________ energy. This increase means the particles hit the container __________ and more often, creating more ___________

Answer 56

Kinetic energy Harder Pressure

Question 57

Temperature and ____________ are proportional

Answer 57

Pressure

Question 58

Name 2 things that temperature is proportional to

Answer 58

Kinetic energy | Pressure

Question 59

If you put the same amount of particles in a bigger container then the pressure would ____________. Why

Answer 59

Decrease | Because particles hit the walls less often

Question 60

p1 x V1 =

Answer 60

p2 x V2

Question 61

p1 / T1 =

Answer 61

P2 / T2