energy flashcards

Question 1

How long does it take for fossil fuels to form?

Answer 1

millions of years

Question 2

what are the three disadvantages of nuclear power?

Answer 2

Nuclear fuel is a finite resource

It produces radioactive waste

it is expensive

Question 3

what is the stopping distance equal to?

Answer 3

the thinking distance and the braking distance

Question 4

what four things affect the thinking distance?

Answer 4

-alcohol
-tiredness
-drugs
-distraction

Question 5

what four things affect the braking distance?

Answer 5

-brake failure
-wet roads
-weather
-tires

Question 6

what is the thinking distance?

Answer 6

how long is takes to think or react

Question 7

what is the braking distance?

Answer 7

the distance it takes to break

Question 8

what is kinetic energy?

Answer 8

energy that is caused by movement

Question 9

what is thermal energy?

Answer 9

energy caused by anything that has heat

Question 10

what is chemical potential energy?

Answer 10

energy caused by anything that releases energy caused by chemical reaction

Question 11

what is gravitational potential energy?

Answer 11

energy caused by anything above the ground

Question 12

what is elastic potential energy? e

Answer 12

energy caused by anything that is stretched

Question 13

what is electrostatic potential energy?

Answer 13

energy caused by anything that has electricity

Question 14

what is magnetic potential energy?

Answer 14

energy caused by anything magnetic

Question 15

what is nuclear potential energy?

Answer 15

energy released by atomic nuclei

Question 16

what does a sankey diagram do?

Answer 16

shows us how energy is transferred visually

Question 17

what is power?

Answer 17

the amount of energy transferred per second

Question 18

what is conduction?

Answer 18

where vibrating particles pass extra energy in their kinetic energy stores to the kinetic energy stores of neighbouring particles

Question 19

where does conduction occur?

Answer 19

in solids as the particles are held together tightly

Question 20

what is convection?

Answer 20

when particles with more energy in their kinetic energy stores move from the hotter region to the colder region

Question 21

how can you keep heat inside homes?

Answer 21

-use double glazing windows which have two panes of glass
-carpets
-curtains
-loft insulation
-draft excluders
-jackets on hot water tanks

Question 22

what are the three ways an energy system can change?

Answer 22

1. through work done by forces
2. electrical equipment
3. heating

Question 23

when is work done?

Answer 23

when a force moves an object through a distance

Question 24

what is the pathway from the national grid to our homes?

Answer 24

1. national grid
2. step up transformer
3. network of wires ( the ones that look like the eiffel tower)
4. step down transformer
5. our homes

Question 25

what does the national grid do?

Answer 25

it generates the electricity for our homes and it is a system of cables and transformers that link power stations to consumers

Question 26

what do transformers do?

Answer 26

change the potential difference and current of an electricity supply

Question 27

what does a step up transformer look like?

Answer 27

it has tight coils wrapped around it

Question 28

what does a step down transformer look like?

Answer 28

it has coils wrapped around it but more loosely compared to a step up transformer.

Question 29

what does a step up transformer do?

Answer 29

increases potential difference and decreases the current- this means less energy is lost when it is being carried by all the wires from the power station to homes.

Question 30

what happens when energy reaches a step down transformer?

Answer 30

the potential energy needs to be reduced again so that the energy / electricity is safe to use

Question 31

what do step down transformers do?

Answer 31

decrease the potential difference so it is safe for consumers

Question 32

what is the Uk's domestic supply?

Answer 32

230 Volts 50Hertz

Question 33

what is the typical speed of walking?

Answer 33

1.5 m/s

Question 34

what is the typical speed of running?

Answer 34

3m/s

Question 35

what is the typical speed of cycling?

Answer 35

6m/s

Question 36

what is the typical speed of a car?

Answer 36

25m/s

Question 37

what is the typical speed of a train?

Answer 37

30m/s

Question 38

what is the typical speed of a plane?

Answer 38

245m/s

Question 39

what is the speed of sound in air?

Answer 39

330m/s