Energy, generation and storage

Question 1

What are fossil fuels?

Answer 1

Fossil fuels are non renewable natural resources formed from the remains of organisms

Question 2

How is electricity Typically produced?

Answer 2

Fossil fuels are usually burned in power stations

Question 3

List the three main types of fossil fuel

Answer 3

Oil, coal and gas

Question 4

What has led to a big shift away from fossil fuels towards renewable sources?

Answer 4

Declining reserves and links to climate change

Question 5

Advantages of fossil fuels

Answer 5

1.generate large amounts of energy.
2. provide a reliable supply of energy

Question 6

Disadvantages of fossil fuels

Answer 6

1. Release greenhouse gases, which cause pollution and contribute to global warming
2. Will eventually run out

Question 7

What is renewable energy?

Answer 7

It is a non-finite making it the most sustainable form of energy.

Question 8

What are the issues of renewable energy?

Answer 8

there are several issues concerning its reliability and initial set up costs.

Question 9

How can wind be used to create energy?

Answer 9

Generators in wind turbines convert the winds kinetic energy into electricity

Question 10

How can solo be used to create energy?

Answer 10

Solar panels are used to convert, the suns energy into electricity

Question 11

How can tidal be used to create energy?

Answer 11

Turbines, convert kinetic energy in water, currents and tides into electricity

Question 12

How can hydroelectric be used to create energy?

Answer 12

As trapped water is released from dams , it’s kinetic energy turns electric turbines

Question 13

How can biomass be used to create energy?

Answer 13

Organic material, such as animal waste or crops are burned for energy or processed in to biofuel

Question 14

What are the five main types of renewable energy?

Answer 14

Wind, solar, tidal, hydroelectric, and biomass

Question 15

Advantages of wind energy

Answer 15

When produces no greenhouse gases once turbines have been set up, energy is cheap

Question 16

Disadvantages of wind energy

Answer 16

Set up costs are high. Turbines are considered unsightly and cause noise pollution

Question 17

Advantages of solar energy

Answer 17

Solar energy produces no greenhouse gases once panels have been set up.Energy is cheap.

Question 18

Disadvantages of solar energy

Answer 18

No electricity is generated when there is no sunlight
solar panels are expensive

Question 19

Advantages of tidal energy

Answer 19

Tides are guaranteed predictable and produce no greenhouse gases

Question 20

Disadvantages of tidal energy

Answer 20

Tidal barrages are costly to build, and can disrupt ecosystems

Question 21

Advantages of biomass energy

Answer 21

Biomass is affordable and renewable. Every sources are replaced e.g. trees are re-planted.

Question 22

Advantages of biomass energy

Answer 22

Biomass is affordable and renewable. Every sources are replaced e.g. trees are re-planted.

Question 23

Disadvantages of biomass energy

Answer 23

Burning biomass releases, CO2 also using with the fuel can lead to deforestation

Question 24

Disadvantages of biomass energy

Answer 24

Burning biomass releases, CO2 also using with the fuel can lead to deforestation

Question 25

How can energy be made by nuclear power?

Answer 25

Nuclear power stations work in a similar way to other power stations, but heat is generated by splitting uranium atoms in nuclear reactors

Question 26

Advantages of nuclear power to create energy

Answer 26

Very efficient, generates a lot of electricity and produces far less greenhouse gases than fossil fuels

Question 27

What are kinetic pump storage systems used for?

Answer 27

To manage energy supply

Question 28

What happens when the demand for energy is low in kinetic pumped storage systems?

Answer 28

Excess energy produced by power stations is used to pump water from a low reservoir to a high reservoir

Question 29

Why are energy storage systems needed?

Answer 29

To store electricity into required as demand for energy fluctuates

Question 30

What happens when energy demand peaks in kinetic pump storage systems?

Answer 30

Water stored in the higher reservoir is released through turbines to generate extra electricity and the water is then back to the High reservoir when energy demand drops again

Question 31

What happens when energy demand peaks in kinetic pump storage systems?

Answer 31

Water stored in the higher reservoir is released through turbines to generate extra electricity and the water is then back to the High reservoir when energy demand drops again

Question 32

Eg of when energy demand is low….

Answer 32

At night time

Question 33

Eg of when energy demand is high….

Answer 33

At breakfast time

Question 34

Eg of when energy demand is high….

Answer 34

At breakfast time

Question 35

What do batteries do to produce energy?

Answer 35

Battery store energy into chemical form and convert it to electrical energy when needed

Question 36

Why are ordinary dry cell batteries not rechargeable?

Answer 36

Because the reactants inside of them are consumed in chemical reactions, the output from these batteries gradually falls

Question 37

What happens to a battery once all of the reactants have been consumed

Answer 37

The batteries go flat and cannot supply electrical energy anymore

Question 38

Describe alkaline batteries

Answer 38

Alkaline batteries are usually disposable and cannot be reused once flat delete less than other types of battery and lost a long time

Question 39

What are alkaline batteries Best used for as they cannot be recharged.

Answer 39

They are best used in devices that do not use much power, e.g. clocks and smoke detectors

Question 40

What happens to the output of alkaline batteries?

Answer 40

That output gradually falls over time

Question 41

Describe rechargeable batteries

Answer 41

They can be recharged and reused, so they are better for the environment that alkaline batteries

Question 42

What does charging a battery do?

Answer 42

It reverses the chemical reaction that occurred when it was used

Question 43

Describe the output of rechargeable batteries

Answer 43

They maintain a constant output until they go flat and a best suited to high powered items. E.g. car, batteries and mobile phones.

Question 44

What do batteries contain?

Answer 44

Toxic chemicals that can harm the environment. This is why it is important that they are recycled or disposed of correctly.