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GCSE DT > Materials and their working properties > Flashcards

Materials and their working properties Flashcards

(81 cards)

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1
Q

What is absorbency?

A

The ability of a material to take in or soak up something usually a liquid, but sometimes heat and light

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2
Q

Examples of materials that are generally good absorbers of liquid

A

Papers, boards and natural fibres

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3
Q

What is a physical property?

A

They relate to the actual material

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4
Q

List the five physical properties

A

Absorbency density, fusability, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity

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5
Q

What is. Density

A

Materials mass per unit volume (how compact it is!)

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6
Q

How is density commonly measured

A

In g/cm cubed or KG/centimetre cubed

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7
Q

Give an example of a dense material

A

Metals are usually dense

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8
Q

What is fusibility

A

The ability of a material to be converted into molten or liquid state through heating

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9
Q

Describe the properties of a material that has been converted into the molten state

A

They have a low, melting point and have a high fusibility

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10
Q

Give an example of material with high fusibility

A

Solder. It is used to fuse together materials because it’s melts before the metal been joined melts

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11
Q

What is electrical conductivity?

A

The ability of a material to conduct electricity

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12
Q

Give an example of a good electrical conductor and a poor electrical conductor

A

Metals are generally good electrical conductors.
Plastics tend to be poor conductors, so they are called insulators

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13
Q

What happens as a result of a poor conductor being paired with a good conductor of Electrical energy

A

Electrical wiring is often made from copper that is in case I a flexible plastic

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14
Q

What is thermoconductivity?

A

We ability of a material to conduct heat

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15
Q

Give an example of a good thermal conductor and a poor thermal conductor

A

Metals are good, thermal conductors and plastic up for thermal conductors

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16
Q

What is the result of adding a poor thermal conductor and a good thermal conductor together

A

Example a frying pan as they’re often made from aluminium with plastic handles

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17
Q

What are working properties?

A

They relate to how much a material responds to external forces and/or conditions

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18
Q

List the six working properties

A

Strength, hardness, toughness, malleability, ductility, and elasticity

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19
Q

What is elasticity?

A

The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched, bent or compressed

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20
Q

What is ductility?

A

The ability of a material to be stretched or pulled into a strand without breaking

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21
Q

What is malleability?

A

The ability of a material to be bent and shaped without breaking

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22
Q

What is toughness?

A

The ability of a material to absorb energy without fracturing

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23
Q

What is hardness?

A

The ability of a material to resist wear, abrasion, scratching or denting

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24
Q

What is strength?

A

The ability of a material to withstand force without breaking

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25
Give five examples of forces (strength)
Pressure tension compression sheer or torsion
26
What might materials be in terms of strength? And eg
Strong and one force but weak in another Eg: Concrete is strong in compression, but weak in tension
27
How are papers and board classified?
Classified based on their weight in grams per square metre (gsm)
28
Anything under what weight is generally considered a paper
Under 200 GSM
29
Anything over the weight of 200 GSM is considered what
To be aboard
30
What are papers and boards made from?
Natural fibres (cellulose) from wood and recycled waste paper
31
What are the five types of paper?
Bleed proof paper cartridge paper grid paper layout paper tracing paper
32
What are the physical properties of bleed proof paper?
A smooth, thick paper that prevents ink from seeping and bleeding
33
What are the uses of bleed proof paper?
Quality, presentational drawings
34
What are the physical properties of cartridge paper?
creamy white paper, usually with a lightly textured surface
35
What are the uses of cartridge paper?
Drawings in pencil, charcoal, or pastel as well as paintings
36
What are the physical properties of grid paper?
White paper with a printed grid of isometric lines or squares
37
What are the uses of grid paper?
Scale, drawings, quick sketches and modelmaking
38
Physical properties of layout paper
Thin , relatively transparent paper with a smooth surface
39
What are the uses of layout paper?
General design, work, and sometimes Tracing
40
What are the physical properties of tracing paper?
Thin, transparent paper with a smooth surface
41
What are the uses of tracing paper?
Copying and tracing designs
42
What are the uses of tracing paper?
Copying and tracing designs
43
Name the six types of board
Corrugated card, duplex board, foil lined board, foam core board, inkjet, card and solid white board
44
What are the properties of corrugated card?
Two or more layers of card with a fluted layer in between to add strength
45
Uses of corrugated card
Packaging and boxes to protect items from damage
46
Physical properties of duplex board
Cheaper than white card, usually has one smooth white side (often printed )
47
Uses of duplex board
Food packaging that requires printing on one side
48
Physical properties of foil lined board
Cord lined with aluminium foil on one side to provide insulation
49
Uses of foil lined board
Takeaway food packaging
50
Physical properties of foam core board
Two thin layers of card with a foam inner core in between
51
Uses of foam core board
Model making and mounting pictures
52
Physical properties of inkjet card
Smooth, treated card for a high quality, bleed proof finish
53
Uses of inkjet card
High quality photographs
54
Physical properties of solid whiteboard
Strong, high quality bleach card that is perfect for printing
55
Uses of solid white board
High quality packaging, printing, and book covers
56
Where do most hardwoods come from?
Broadleaved deciduous trees, they are generally slow growing, and therefore usually more scarce and expensive than softwoods
57
Name the four main types of hardwood
Beach, oak mahogany, and Balsa
58
Properties of beech
Hard tough,strong and finish as well. Warps easily. Close straight grain. Expensive? Pinkish, brown
59
Uses of beech
Flooring, furniture tool handles
60
Properties of oak
Very strong, heavy durable and hard Grain varies, but is generally open Over 400 species. Light brown
61
Uses of oak
Flooring Furniture Barrels
62
Properties of mahogany
Hard,strong, easy river work, rot resistant Fine, straight grain Some species are protected Reddish brown
63
Uses of mahogany
Flooring Fine furniture Instruments
64
Properties of balsa
Very light and soft has great strength-to-weight ratio Straight grain with distinct velvety feel Pale cream to white
65
Uses of balsa
Surfboards Construction Air craft models
66
What are soft woods?
Come from coniferous trees that have long needle like leaves Generally found in cold climates. Quick growing so can be replaced quicker than hardwoods
67
4 main types of soft Wood
Cedar Scots pine Larch Spruce
68
Properties of cedar
Contains a chemical that makes it durable and weather resistant Short, notable grain Light cream to reddish brown
69
Uses of cedar
Outdoor furniture Cupboards Fencing
70
Properties of Scots pine
Easy to work with Reasonably strong and lightweight Straight grain with lots of knots Pale and reddish brown
71
Uses of Scots pine
Furniture Construction Door frames
72
Properties of larch
Tough and strong but easy to work Resistant to rot but prone to splitting Yellow to reddish brown
73
Uses of larch
Decking Cladding Fencing
74
Properties of spruce
Good strength-to-weight ratio Can contain small knots Creamy white to pinkish brown
75
Uses of spruce
Construction Stringed musical instruments
76
Name 4 other hard woods
Ash Birch Maple Willow
77
Name 3 more soft woods
Douglas fir Yew Western hemlock
78
What does MDF stand for?
Medium- density fibreboard
79
How is MDF made?
Wood chips are broken down into pulp and then mixed with glue and then compressed
80
Properties of MDF…..
smooth surface- easy to paint and finish (often with high quality veneer) Denser than other manufactured board Produces hazardous dust- mask should be worn when using
81
Uses of MDF…
Flat pack furniture Kitchen units Interior panelling Comes in moisture and fire resistant varieties

GCSE DT (6 decks)

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