Energy / Metabolism

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Answer 1

• some of chemical reactions that occur in the cell or organism (changes food into energy)

Question 2

What are the two groups of metabolism and what do they do?

Answer 2

Anabolic:
• build large molecules from smaller ones (ENDERGONIC) (needs energy)

Catabolic:
• disassemble large molecules into smaller ones (ENDERGONIC) (releases energy)

Question 3

Exergonic reaction vs. ENDERGONIC reaction

Answer 3

Exergonic = spontaneous reactions
• chemical reactions that release energy in the form of heat

ENDERGONIC = non-spontaneous reactions
• reaction that requires energy to be driven

Question 4

What are couple reactions?

Answer 4

• means “mechanically joined”
• reaction, hydrolysis of an ATP (extremely Exergonic) can drive another endergonic reaction

Question 5

What is the difference between ATP and ADP?

Answer 5

ATP:
• has 3 phosphate groups

ADP:
• has 2 phosphate groups

Question 6

What is the 1st law of thermodynamics?

Answer 6

The total amount of energy in the universe is constant

Question 7

What is the 2nd law of thermodynamics?

Answer 7

• the disorder in the universe is always increasing

Question 8

What is Gibbs free energy?

Answer 8

• the quantity of free energy available in a system is symbolized by the letter G
• determines whether a reaction is spontaneous or not by factoring the change in enthalpy and also the change in entropy

Question 9

What is enthalpy (H) (total energy)

Answer 9

• Looks at the thermal energy required or released by a chemical reaction

Question 10

What is entropy? (S)

Answer 10

• Looks at the degree of randomness or disorder before and after the

Question 11

What is an example of entropy?

Answer 11

• diffusion

Question 12

What is metabolism in energy?

Answer 12

• flow of energy through an organism