Energy Resources Flashcards
(30 cards)
1
Q
Conservation of Energy
A
energy cannot be created nor destroyed only transferred
2
Q
conduction
A
heat is transferred via vibrations in a solid
3
Q
convection
A
heat is transferred as hot air rises, cools and sinks
liquid or a gas
4
Q
Radiation
A
Heat is emmited via waves
5
Q
Fossil fuels
A
- provide heat for cooking
- provide power for engines/car
- generate electricity
6
Q
How is energy generated from fossil fuels
A
- Fuel is heated = chemical to thermal by heating
- Steam turns turbine = thermal to kinetic mechanically
- Generator produces electricity
- Energy transferred electrically to homes by national grid
7
Q
Advantages of fossil fuels
A
- Reliable source
- conitnuous production
- Already exsists - no cost for manufacturing/technology
- Current infastructure is designed for fossil fuels - cars run on fuel oil
8
Q
Disadvantages of fossil fuels
A
- Releases CO2 = global warming
- Limited Supply
- Toxic gases when burned - sulfur diocide and carbon monoxide
9
Q
How is energy generated by nuclear power
A
- Fission produces heat = nuclear to thermal by heating
- Steam turns turbine = thermal to kinetic mechanically
- Generator produces electricity
- Energy transferred electrically to homes by National Grid
10
Q
Nuclear power advantages
A
- Doesnt produce CO2 or other pollutants
- Can run continuosly
- Uranium is not likely to run out
11
Q
Nuclear Power disadvantages
A
- Long half-life = difficult and expensive to dispose
- Radioactive waste
- Nuclear explosions are very dangerous
- expensive
- Uranium is a fintie resource
12
Q
How does wind power generate electricity
A
- Wind turns blades = kinetic energy turns turbine
- Turbine turns generator = kinetic energy transferred mechanically to electric energy
- Energy transferred electrically to homes by National Grid
13
Q
Wind power advantages
A
- low maintanance
- low running costs
- renewable
- dont damage the enviroment
14
Q
Wind power disadvantages
A
- Weather dependent
- Noise/Visual pollution
- Impacts Bird Migration
- takes up lots of space
15
Q
How does Solar Power generate electricity
A
- sun emitrs radiation and thermal energy
- Solar cells convert light to electricity = thermal energy transferred to electric energy
- Energy transferred electrically to homes
16
Q
Solar power advantages
A
- low running costs
- renewable
- dont damage the enviroment
17
Q
Solar Power disadvantages
A
- Weather dependent
- Doesn’t work at night
- takes up lots of space
18
Q
How does geothermal power generate electricity
A
- Thermal energy from ground heats water
- Steam turns trubine = thermal to kinetic mechanically
- Generator produces electricity
- Energy transferred electrically to homes by National Grid
19
Q
Geothermal power advantages
A
- Small Land use
- Relaible
- doesnt produce pollutants
- renewable resource
20
Q
Geothermal power Disadvantages
A
- only in certain areas
- expensive to build
21
Q
Types of water power
A
- Hydroelectric power
- Wave power
- Tidal Barrages
22
Q
How does Hydroelectric power generate electricity
A
- Water stored at height = gravitational potential store
- Water released = GPE → kinetic (by fall in water)
- Water turns turbine mechanically
- Generator = kinetic → electrical energy (mechanically)
- Energy transferred electrically to homes via National Grid
23
Q
Hydroelectric power advantages
A
- Reliable (except during droughts)
- Low running costs
- Can produce large amounts of energy
- Can work on large or small scale
24
Q
Hydroelectric power disadvantages
A
- Flooding of land
- Displacement of people and wildlife
- Visual pollution
25
How do waves generate electricity
- Waves rise and fall in a chamber
- Kinetic energy of waves turns tubrines mechanically
- Generator = kinetic → electrical energy (mechanically)
- Energy transferred electrically
26
Wave power advantages
- Renewable
- Good for island/coatal areas
27
Wave power disadvatnages
- Relies on waves/current
- Can affect marine life
- Visual pollution
28
How do tidal barrages generate electricity
- Water held behind dam = high GPE
- Tides rise/fall = GPE → kinetic (as water flows through)
- Water turns turbine mechanically
- Generator = kinetic → electrical energy (mechanically)
- Energy transferred electrically
29
Tidal barrages advantages
- tides are predictable
- reliable
- generate large amounts of energy
- low running costs
30
Tidal barrages disadvantages
- affects aqautic life
- few suitable locations
- expensive to build
