Solids, Liquids and Gases Flashcards

(17 cards)

1
Q

Practical: investigate the density of an object

A
  • measure mass of object on balance
  • pour water into measuring cyclinder and record initial volume
  • Place object in water, ensure that it is submerged and record final volume
  • Volume of object = final volume - initial volume
  • Use the fomula Density = mass/volume
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2
Q

solid

A
  • regular arrangement
  • arranged in rows
  • particles touching
  • vibrations
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3
Q

Liquid

A
  • irregular arrangement
  • particles touching
  • slide over each other
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4
Q

Gas

A
  • Random arrangement
  • Particles spaced out
  • Bounce off of surface and each other
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5
Q

Practical: Obtain a temperature-time graph

A
  • PLace ice cubes in beaker
  • Insert themometer into ice
  • Start recording the temperature every minute
  • Stop recording when a constant temperature reached
  • then heat the water until a constant temperature reached
  • continue to record temp each minute
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6
Q

straight line on a temperature-time graph shows….

A

changes in state

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7
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

The amount of energy required to heat 1kg of mass by 1 degree celcius

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8
Q

Change in thermal Energy =

A

m x C x ΔT

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9
Q

Practical: Investigate the specific heat capacity of water

A
  • Measure the mass of water (mass of water + beaker - mass of beaker)
  • Measure the inital temperature of water using a themometer
  • Turn on the heater and start the stopwatch
  • Measure voltage using a voltmeter and current using and ammeter
  • Turn off heater and stop the stopwatch
  • Measure final temperature
  • Calculate temperature change = final - intial
  • Calculate Energy = current x voltage x time
  • SHC = Energy/(mass x temp change)
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10
Q

Absolute Zero

A

the lowest temperature a state can reach

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11
Q

0 Kelvin

A
  • 273°C
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12
Q

Kelvin to Degrees

A

-273°C

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13
Q

Degrees to kelvin

A

+273

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14
Q

Effect of increasing temperature of a gas on pressure

A
  • Increasing temperature, Increases kinetic energy
  • Particles collide more frequently
  • Particles collide with sides of container more
  • Exerts a force on walls of container
  • Force exerted on a given area = pressure
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15
Q

Brownians Motion

A
  • pollen grains are suspended in water
  • observed under a microscope that they move in random directions
  • movement is caused by collisions from lighter, faster particles surrounding them
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16
Q

Volume increases….

A

Pressure Decreases

17
Q

Temperature increases….

A

Pressure increases