Engeriser- Psychological Basis of Behavior

Question 1

_____result from adaptive or maladaptive learning

Answer 1

behaviors

Question 2

behavioral response decreases overtime to stimulus

Answer 2

habituation

Question 3

behavioral response increases overtime to stimulus

Answer 3

sensitization

Question 4

vaccine example:child cries a lot at first and decreases over time

Answer 4

habituation

Question 5

child experiences stronger behavioral reaction over time

Answer 5

sensitization

Question 6

Answer 6

classical conditioning

Question 7

process of conditioned response being learned

Answer 7

acquisition

Question 8

decrease in behavior/complete disappearance

Answer 8

extinction

Question 9

after extinction, salivate again

Answer 9

spontaneous recovery

Question 10

similar stimulus but not the same will elicit salivation

Answer 10

stimulus generalization

Question 11

electric shock with no chance of escape and will succumb to it and stop trying to escape

Answer 11

learned helplessness

Question 12

happens during critical developmental periods; mother is there, ducklings will follow mom around

Answer 12

imprinting

Question 13

in infancy, attach to primary caregivers—-> problem with this (neglect); lifelong issues with attachment

Answer 13

imprinting

Question 14

Behave a certain way, and a response that happens (encourage to continue or discourage us to continue to behave that way)

Answer 14

operant conditioning

Question 15

encourage a behavior

Answer 15

reinforcement

Question 16

discourage a behavior

Answer 16

punishment

Question 17

something that is added

Answer 17

positive

Question 18

something that was there and taken away

Answer 18

negative

Question 19

provides award for behavior

Answer 19

positive reinforcement

Question 20

remove an unpleasant stimulus to increase a behavior

Answer 20

negative reinforcement

Question 21

apply an unpleasant stimulus to decrease frequency of behavior

Answer 21

positive punishment

Question 22

remove a pleasant stimulus to decrease the frequency of behavior

Answer 22

negative punishment

Question 23

dinging in a car when you don’t strap in, but then stops when you do

Answer 23

negative reinforcement

Question 24

insurance company sends $50 to you to continue your safe driving practices

Answer 24

postive reinforcement

Question 25

tickets for speeding

Answer 25

positive punishment

Question 26

taking away license for speeding

Answer 26

negative punishment

Question 27

Encourage child to work hard at school and give them rewards: then stop giving rewards and they slip up

Answer 27

extinction in operant conditioning

Question 28

dog sits and you give treat

Answer 28

continuous reinforcement

Question 29

give reward after every certain number of behaviors

Answer 29

fixed ratio

Question 30

unpredictable rewards (may or may not get reward when they sit)

Answer 30

variable ratio

Question 31

reward after certain amount of time

Answer 31

fixed interval

Question 32

unpredictable times for reward

Answer 32

variable interval

Question 33

faster learning but prone to extinction

Answer 33

fixed

Question 34

slower learning but less prone to extinction

Answer 34

variable

Question 35

slot machines

Answer 35

variable ratio

Question 36

begin to get rewards when behavior is similar to desired goal is achieved

Answer 36

shaping

Question 37

number one way we will learn in 3rd years Watch attending be a doctor and read their notes

Answer 37

modeling

Question 38

help patients to relieve sx’s and have more adaptive functional behaviors decrease anxiety level HR: give them visual feedback on screen of HR going down on screen----decreases their anxiety

Answer 38

biofeedback

Question 39

helps people to learn desired behavior someone brushes teeth, give them a coin and will use it for a snack in snack bar

Answer 39

token economy

Question 40

Uses classical conditioning pair it with adverse stimulus (like electric shock) when person does wrong behavior

Answer 40

Aversive conditioning

Question 41

teach someone calming techniques then begin to expose them to thing that causes them anxiety and introduce it from a drawing to real life thing and then holding it (8-12 sessions)

Answer 41

systemic desensitization

Question 42

where are the Fear conditioning circuit Fear extinction circuits

Answer 42

amygdala

Question 43

brains way of keeping us away from danger (survival)

Answer 43

fear conditioning circuit

Question 44

a way of overriding original fear

Answer 44

fear extinction

Question 45

come in constant contact with the scary thing until we get over it and relax (very effective but not comfortable) virtual reality (program to be the exact scary scenario)

Answer 45

flooding

Question 46

imagine coming into contact with the scary thing PTSD: use versions of this force them to think about and talk about experience (so they don’t remain psychologically stuck) write it down, tell psychiatrist

Answer 46

implosion