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ATI TEAS 7 > English and Language Usage > Flashcards

English and Language Usage Flashcards

1
Q

What is a noun?

A

A noun is a part of speech that names a person, place, thing, or idea.

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2
Q

What are the main types of verbs in English?

A

The main types of verbs are action verbs, linking verbs, and helping (auxiliary) verbs.

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3
Q

What is an adjective?

A

An adjective is a word used to modify or describe a noun or pronoun, giving more detail about it.

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4
Q

Define a pronoun and give an example.

A

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. Examples include “he,” “she,” “it,” “they.”

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5
Q

What is the difference between ‘there,’ ‘their,’ and ‘they’re’?

A

‘There’ refers to a location, ‘their’ is a possessive adjective showing ownership, and ‘they’re’ is a contraction for ‘they are.’

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6
Q

What does ‘syntax’ refer to in English grammar?

A

Syntax refers to the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.

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7
Q

What is a compound sentence?

A

A compound sentence is a sentence that contains at least two independent clauses joined by a comma and a conjunction, or by a semicolon.

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8
Q

Define ‘connotation’ and ‘denotation.’

A

‘Denotation’ refers to the literal meaning of a word, while ‘connotation’ refers to the emotional or cultural association with that word which is not part of the literal meaning.

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9
Q

What is a metaphor?

A

A metaphor is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable, implying a resemblance, without using “like” or “as.”

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10
Q

What is the purpose of a thesis statement in an essay?

A

A thesis statement declares the main point or controlling idea of the entire essay and briefly answers the questions posed by the paper.

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11
Q

What are coordinating conjunctions? Give examples.

A

Coordinating conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses that are independent or of equal rank. Examples include “for,” “and,” “nor,” “but,” “or,” “yet,” “so.”

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12
Q

Define ‘passive voice’ and give an example.

A

Passive voice occurs when the subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb. Example: “The cake was eaten by her.”

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13
Q

What is a synonym?

A

A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.

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14
Q

What is an antonym?

A

An antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning of another word.

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15
Q

Explain the term ‘dangling modifier’ and provide an example.

A

A dangling modifier is a word or phrase that modifies a word not clearly stated in the sentence. Example: “Driving to the grocery store, the car’s tire went flat.” (It’s unclear who was driving.)

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16
Q

What is an expository essay?

A

An expository essay explores topics by providing information and facts, explaining ideas, or defining complex terms.

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17
Q

What does it mean to ‘paraphrase’ a text?

A

Paraphrasing means rewriting a text in your own words, simplifying or clarifying the original text while maintaining its meaning.

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18
Q

What is a preposition?

A

A preposition is a word used to express the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence, typically in terms of time, space, or direction, e.g., ‘in,’ ‘on,’ ‘at,’ ‘between.’

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19
Q

What is a clause in English grammar?

A

A clause is a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate. It can be independent or dependent.

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20
Q

What is a rhetorical question?

A

A rhetorical question is a question asked for effect or to make a point rather than to get an answer.

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21
Q

What is an idiom?

A

An idiom is a phrase or an expression that has a figurative, sometimes non-literal, meaning.

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22
Q

What is the purpose of a transition word in writing?

A

Transition words are used to link ideas in writing, helping to guide the reader through a document by connecting sentences and paragraphs.

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23
Q

Define ‘alliteration’ and provide an example.

A

Alliteration is the repetition of the same consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are in close proximity. Example: “She sells sea shells by the sea shore.”

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24
Q

What is a gerund?

A

A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun in a sentence.

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25
Explain the difference between 'affect' and 'effect.'
'Affect' is typically a verb meaning to influence something, while 'effect' is a noun meaning the result of a change.
26
What is a narrative essay?
A narrative essay tells a story from a particular point of view and includes characters, a plot, and a setting, typically with a climax and a resolution.
27
What is the difference between direct and indirect speech?
Direct speech quotes the exact words spoken by someone, typically placed inside quotation marks. Indirect speech, on the other hand, paraphrases the spoken words without quoting them exactly.
28
What is an infinitive?
An infinitive is the base form of a verb preceded by the word 'to.' For example, 'to eat,' 'to see,' and 'to be.'
29
What is a simile?
A simile is a figure of speech that compares two different things using the words 'like' or 'as.'
30
What are comparative and superlative adjectives?
Comparative adjectives compare two things (e.g., taller, smarter), while superlative adjectives are used to describe the highest degree among three or more things (e.g., tallest, smartest).
31
What does 'personification' mean? Give an example.
Personification is a figure of speech where human qualities are given to animals, objects or ideas. Example: "The wind whispered through the trees."
32
What is a subjunctive mood?
The subjunctive mood is used to express wishes, proposals, suggestions, or imagined situations, often following words like 'wish,' 'suggest,' or 'if.'
33
Define 'onomatopoeia' and provide an example.
Onomatopoeia is a word that phonetically imitates, resembles, or suggests the sound that it describes. Example: "buzz."
34
What is the difference between 'its' and 'it's'?
'Its' is a possessive form of 'it' (indicating ownership), while 'it's' is a contraction for 'it is' or 'it has.'
35
What is a homophone? Provide examples.
Homophones are words that sound the same but have different meanings and/or spellings. Examples: 'to,' 'too,' 'two'; 'there,' 'their,' 'they're.'
36
What is a thesis in academic writing?
A thesis is a statement or central argument that a writer proposes and will support in a paper.
37
What is an adverb?
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, often used to show time, manner, place, or degree.
38
Define 'oxymoron' and give an example.
An oxymoron is a figure of speech in which contradictory terms appear in conjunction. Example: "deafening silence."
39
What is a dependent clause?
A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
40
What is a predicate in English grammar?
The predicate is the part of a sentence or clause that tells what the subject does or is described as doing.
41
What is an article in English grammar?
An article is a word used to modify a noun, which is typically used to indicate specificity. The articles in English are 'a,' 'an,' and 'the.'
42
Define 'colloquialism' and provide an example.
Colloquialism refers to informal words or expressions that are typically used in casual conversation. Example: "gonna" for "going to."
43
What is a compound-complex sentence?
A compound-complex sentence has at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
44
What does 'juxtaposition' mean in literary terms?
Juxtaposition is a literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters, and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts.
45
What is an 'ellipsis,' and how is it used in writing?
An ellipsis is a series of three dots (...) used in writing to indicate an omission of words or a trailing off of speech.
46
What is an 'apostrophe' in literary terms?
In literature, an apostrophe is a figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses someone who is not present or is dead, or speaks to an inanimate object.
47
What is the difference between 'complement' and 'compliment'?
'Complement' refers to something that completes or goes well with something, while 'compliment' is a polite expression of praise or admiration
48
Define 'hyperbole' and provide an example.
Hyperbole is a figure of speech that involves an exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis. Example: "I've told you a million times."
49
What is a 'determiner'?
A determiner is a word placed in front of a noun to clarify what the noun refers to, such as articles, demonstratives, and possessive pronouns.
50
What is an abstract noun?
An abstract noun is a type of noun that is not tangible and cannot be perceived by the senses, such as "freedom," "love," or "happiness."
51
What is an imperative sentence?
An imperative sentence gives commands, requests, or instructions directly to the reader or listener.
52
What does 'ambiguous' mean, and how can it affect sentence clarity?
'Ambiguous' refers to language that has more than one potential meaning. Ambiguity in sentences can lead to confusion and misinterpretation of the text.
53
Define 'analogy' and provide an example.
An analogy is a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification. Example: "Just as a sword is the weapon of a warrior, a pen is the weapon of a writer."
54
What is a run-on sentence?
A run-on sentence occurs when two or more independent clauses are connected improperly without appropriate punctuation or conjunctions.
55
What is 'voice' in writing?
In writing, 'voice' refers to the style or format through which narrators tell their stories, which can be active or passive.
56
What is a 'cliché'?
A cliché is an overused expression that, due to its overuse, has lost its original impact or novelty.
57
Syntax refers to the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.
Define 'allusion' and provide an example.
58
An allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance. Example: "He was a real Romeo with the ladies."
What is a 'pun'?
59
A pun is a form of wordplay that exploits multiple meanings of a term or of similar-sounding words for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect.
Define 'euphemism' and provide an example.
60
What is a conjunction and provide examples.
A euphemism is a polite or mild word or expression used to refer to something embarrassing, taboo, or unpleasant. Example: "Passed away" instead of "died."
61
What is a conjunction and provide examples.
A conjunction is a word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause, such as "and," "but," "if," and "or."
62
Define 'irony' and provide an example.
Irony is a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words. Example: Saying "Oh, fantastic!" when the situation is actually very bad.
63
What is a 'subject' in English grammar?
The subject in a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something.
64
What is an adverbial phrase?
An adverbial phrase is a group of words that functions as an adverb, providing additional information about how, when, where, or why something happens, e.g., "very quickly" or "by tomorrow."
65
Define 'literary device' and provide an example.
A literary device is a technique a writer uses to produce a special effect in their writing. An example is metaphor, which compares two unlike things without using "like" or "as."
66
What does 'plural' mean in grammatical terms?
Plural refers to a grammatical number indicating that there is more than one of something, typically denoted by adding an -s, -es, or changing the word such as 'foot' to 'feet'.
67
What is 'passive voice' and provide an example.
Passive voice occurs when the subject of the sentence is acted on by the verb. Example: "The ball was thrown by John."
68
Define 'sarcasm' and provide an example.
Sarcasm is the use of irony to mock or convey contempt. Example: Saying "What a beautiful view" when looking at a wall of concrete.
69
What is a 'literary theme'?
A literary theme is the underlying message or the big idea of a story, which is often a universal truth about humanity, society, or life.
70
Define 'context' in terms of reading comprehension.
In reading, context refers to the words or sentences that surround a particular word or passage which help clarify its meaning.
71
What is the primary purpose of descriptive writing?
The primary purpose of descriptive writing is to describe someone, something, or someplace in such a way that a picture is formed in the reader's mind
72
What is a prefix?
A prefix is a group of letters placed before the root of a word to modify its meaning, such as 'un-' in 'unhappy' or 'pre-' in 'preview.'
73
Define 'paradox' and provide an example.
A paradox is a statement that contradicts itself but might include a latent truth. Example: "This statement is false."
74
What is an antecedent in grammar?
An antecedent is the noun or noun phrase that a pronoun refers to earlier in the text.
75
What is a 'persuasive essay'?
A persuasive essay is a piece of writing intended to convince the reader to agree with a particular point of view or to take a specific action.
76
What is 'allusion' in literature?
An allusion is a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea of historical, cultural, literary, or political significance without elaborate on the detail.
77
What does 'cohesive' mean in terms of writing?
In writing, 'cohesive' refers to the clarity and logical structuring that holds text together and gives it meaning, helping the content flow smoothly from one point or paragraph to the next.
78
Define 'oxymoron' and provide an example.
An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines contradictory terms. Example: "deafening silence."
79
What is the difference between 'mood' and 'tone' in literature?
Tone refers to the writer's attitude toward the subject or audience, whereas mood refers to the feeling or atmosphere that the writing evokes in the reader.
80
Define 'simile' and provide an example.
A simile is a figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things using "like" or "as." Example: "Her cheeks are red like a rose."
81
Define 'onomatopoeia' and provide an example.
Onomatopoeia is a word that imitates the natural sounds of a thing. Example: "The bees buzzed in the garden."
82
What is a split infinitive and provide an example.
A split infinitive occurs when additional words are included between "to" and the verb in an infinitive form. Example: "She decided to quickly leave the room."
83
What is an acronym? Provide an example.
An acronym is an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as a word. Example: "NASA" stands for National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
84
Define 'euphemism' and provide an example.
A euphemism is a polite or mild word or expression used to refer to something embarrassing, taboo, or unpleasant. Example: "Passed away" instead of "died."
85
What is a double entendre?
A double entendre is a figure of speech that is open to two interpretations, one of which is usually risqué or indecent.
86
What are transition words? Give three examples.
Transition words are used to link ideas in writing and include examples such as "furthermore," "however," and "therefore."
87
What is a complex sentence?
A complex sentence contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause.
88
What does the term 'narrative voice' refer to in literature?
Narrative voice refers to the perspective or source of the narrative, often categorized as first person, second person, or third person.
89
What is a subjunctive mood and provide an example.
The subjunctive mood is used to express wishes, hypotheses, or conditions contrary to fact. Example: "If I were you, I wouldn't do that."
90
Define 'metonymy' and provide an example.
Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated with that thing or concept. Example: "The White House issued a statement," referring to the U.S. President or Administration.
91
What is the difference between 'literal' and 'figurative' language?
Literal language means exactly what it says, while figurative language uses similes, metaphors, hyperbole, and personification to describe something often through comparison with something different.
92
Define 'anaphora' and provide an example.
Anaphora is the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses. Example: "Every day, every night, in every way, I am getting better and better."
93
What is a compound adjective and provide an example.
A compound adjective is made up of two or more words that function as a single adjective. Example: "A well-known author."
94
What is a dangling participle? Provide an example.
A dangling participle is a word or phrase that modifies a word not clearly stated in the sentence. Example: "While walking across the street, a car hit her."
95
What is an 'epigraph'?
An epigraph is a short quotation or saying at the beginning of a book or chapter, intended to suggest its theme.
96
What is a malapropism? Provide an example.
A malapropism is the misuse of a word by confusion with one that sounds similar. Example: "He is the very pineapple of politeness," instead of "pinnacle."
97
What is 'stream of consciousness' in literary terms?
Stream of consciousness is a method of narration that describes happenings in the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters.
98
What is anaphylaxis in grammar?
Anaphylaxis refers to a sudden, severe allergic reaction. Note: This term is commonly associated with medical conditions, not grammar.
99
Define 'climax' in a story.
The climax is the most intense, exciting, or important point of something, typically a narrative or series of events.
100
What is free verse in poetry?
Free verse is poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.

ATI TEAS 7 (4 decks)

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