English Word Elements Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in English Word Elements Deck (304)
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1
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

a, an

A

without or not

anarchy (without government)
atheist (not a theist)

2
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ab

A

apart or away from

abduct (take away from)
aberration (a deviation or element that strays from the usual)

3
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ad

A

to or toward

adhere (to stick to)
adage (a saying, literally “to say”)

4
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ag

A

to act

agent (one who acts)
agenda (schedule of items to be discussed)
agitate (to move violently)

5
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

amphi, ambi

A

both or both sides

ambidextrous (using both hands)
amphibian (an organism that lives on land and water)

6
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ante

A

before

antebellum (before a war)
antecedent (one that precedes another)

7
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

anthro

A

man

anthropology (the study of humans)
philanthropy (love of mankind)

8
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

anti

A

against

antibody (a protein that targets foreign agents in the body)
antithesis (a contrasting idea)

9
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

aqua

A

water

aquatic (pertaining to water)
aqueduct (water channel)

10
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

arch

A

ruler or chief

archangel (chief angel)
archbishop (highest level of bishop)

11
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

archeo

A

ancient

archaic (very old)
archaism (an old-fashioned word)

12
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

argent

A

silver

argental (containing silver)

13
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

arthro

A

joint

arthritis (condition that stiffens the joints)
arthropod (invertebrate animal with jointed limbs)

14
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

astro

A

star

astronomy (study of celestial objects)
astrogeny (theory of the origin of stars)

15
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

audi

A

hearing or sound

audible (able to be heard)
auditorium (a place to hear a performance)

16
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

aug, auct

A

grow or increase

augment (to make bigger)
augend (Math.: the number increased by the addend)

17
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

auto

A

self

autonomy (self-rule)
autogamy (self-fertilization)

18
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

batho

A

deep or depth

bathophobia (fear of depths)
bathybic (living in the deepest part of the ocean)

19
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

belli

A

war

antebellum (before war)
bellicose (inclined to fight)

20
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ben

A

good or well

benign (not harmful)
benediction (a blessing)

21
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

bi

A

two

biannual (happening twice a year)
bifurcate (to branch in two directions)

22
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

bibl

A

book

bibliography (a list of books cited)
bibliophile (lover of books)

23
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

bio

A

life

biology (the study of life)
biography (writing about one’s life)

24
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

boni

A

good

bonify (to make good)
bonus (extra goods)

25
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

brachio

A

arm

bracelet (chain worn on arm)
brachiate (having arms)

26
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

brady

A

slowness

bradycrotic (causing slow pulse)
bradylogia (slowness in speaking)

27
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

brevi

A

short

brevity (briefness)
breviloquence (concise speech)

28
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

bronch

A

windpipe

bronchitis (condition affecting breathing)
bronchoscope (instrument used to view air passages)

29
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

bull

A

to bubble or boil

ebulliate (to boil or bubble)
ebullient (bubbling up, literally or figuratively)

30
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

burs

A

financial

bursar (financial administration office)
reimburse (to pay back)

31
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

caco

A

bad

cacosmia (a hallucination of a bad odor)
cacophony (unpleasant sound)

32
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cad, cid, cas

A

fall or befall

decadent (declining or decaying)
casualty (a loss or death)

33
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

calc

A

stone

calculate (to work something out)
recalcitrance (defiance or stubbornness)

34
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

calli

A

beautiful

calligraphy (beautiful writing)

35
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

camer

A

vault or chamber

bicameral (with two chambers)
incameration (uniting lands into one chamber belonging to the Church)

36
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

camp

A

field

campus (land a school is on)
campaign (a military or political undertaking)

37
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cant

A

sing

chant (rhythmically spoken slogan)
cantor (the head singer in a synagogue or church)

38
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cand

A

glowing or iridescent

candle
incandescent (illuminated)

39
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cap, cip, capt, cept

A

to take or hold

capable (ability to do or take hold)
emancipate (to free from bondage)
capture (to take into possession)
intercept (to block / hold back someone from reaching a destination)

40
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

capit, cipit

A

head

capital (main city)
decapitate (to behead)

41
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

carcer

A

jail

incarcerate (to put in jail)
carceral state (a police state)

42
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cardio

A

heart

acardiac (without a heart)
pancarditis (inflammation of the entire heart)

43
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

carn

A

flesh

incarnation (the flesh form)
carnal (of the flesh)

44
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ceas, cede, ceed, cess

A

to yield, move, or surrender

succeed (to move up)
exceed (to move beyond)
recede (retreat back)

45
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

centr, centri

A

center

eccentric (off center or strange)
Eurocentric (centered on Europe)

46
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

chron

A

time

chronology (timeline)
chronic (lasting a long time)

47
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cide, cis

A

to kill or cut down

genocide (the extermination of a race)
incisors (teeth that cut)

48
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

circum

A

around

circumference (the area around)
circumstance (the situation surrounding an event)

49
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

civ

A

citizen

civics (the rights and responsibilities of a citizen)
civilian (a citizen not in the military)

50
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

clam

A

to cry out

clamor (loud shouting)
declaim (to denounce loudly)

51
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

clud, clus, claus

A

to close or shut

exclude (to shut out)
to cloister (to shut away in a secluded place)
claustrophobic (afraid of closed spaces)

52
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

col, con, com

A

together

collectively (all together)
conjoined (stuck together)

53
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cogn, gnos

A

to know or think

cognition (process of thinking)
agnostic (one who doesn’t know)

54
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

contra, counter

A

opposite

contradiction (statement that opposes a previous statement or intent)
counterintuitive (opposite of what one would expect)

55
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cour, cur, curs

A

a course or run

current (running its course at the moment)
courier (one who “runs” to send messages)

56
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

crat, cracy

A

rule

autocrat (one person who rules alone)
plutocracy (rule by the rich)

57
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

macr, macer

A

lean

emaciation (abnormal thinness)

58
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

magn

A

great

magnificent (splendid)

59
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

main

A

foremost

mainstream (dominant course)
mainsail (the principal sail)

60
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mal

A

bad or badly

malformation (bad structure)
malady (disease of the body)

61
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

man, manu

A

hand, make, do

manual (worked by the hands)
manufacture (the making of goods)

62
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mand

A

command

mandatory (authoritatively ordered)
remand (to send a case back to a lower court with instructions)

63
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mania

A

madness

maniac (insane person)
kleptomania (a madness causing a person to steal)

64
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mar, mari, mer

A

sea

marine (pertaining to the sea)
mermaid (mythical sea creature)

65
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

matri

A

mother

maternal (relating to the mother)
matronly (relating to a mature woman)

66
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

medi

A

half, middle, between

mediate (to occupy an intermediate place or position)
medieval (pertaining to the middle ages)

67
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mega

A

great, million

megaton (one million tons)
megalomaniac (person obsessed with doing grand things)

68
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mem

A

recall, remember

commemoration (a service or celebration in memory of a person or event)
memento (an object that serves to remind you of a person)

69
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ment

A

mind

mental (of or pertaining to the mind)
menticulture (improvement of the mind)

70
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

meso

A

middle

mesosphere (the region between the stratosphere and the thermosphere)
Mesoamerica (Central America)

71
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

meta

A

beyond, change

metamorphosis (a complete change of form or structure)
metabolism (chemical changes of living cells by which energy is provided)

72
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

meter

A

measure

thermometer (instrument that measures temperature)
barometer (instrument that measures air pressure)

73
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

metr

A

to measure or apportion

parameter (a measure that describes a statistical population)
metric (something that measures)

74
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

micro

A

small, millionth

microvolt (one millionth of a volt)
microgram (one millionth of a gram)

75
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

migra

A

wander

migrate (to wander)
migrant (one who wanders)

76
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mit, miss

A

to send

emit (to send out)
permit (to send permission)

77
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mob, mov, mot

A

move

motion
mobility (ability to move)

78
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mon

A

warn, remind

premonition (forewarning)
admonition (warning in response to a transgression)

79
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mono

A

one

monotonous (uttered in one unvarying tone)
monotheism (the belief in only one god)

80
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

mor, mort

A

mortal, death

mortuary (of or relating to death)
immortal (insusceptible to death)

81
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

morph

A

shape or form

morphology (branch of biology which deals with the form and structure of animals and plants)
polymorphic (the quality or state of existing in different forms)

82
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

multi

A

many, much

multilingual (the ability to speak many languages)
multitude (a great number of people)

83
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nano

A

billionth

nanosecond (a billionth of a second)
nanotechnology (technology on the scale of nanometers)

84
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nasc, nat, gnant, nai

A

to be born

nascent (coming or recently come to existence)
pregnant (containing a developing embryo)

85
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nat, nasc

A

to be from or spring forth

innate (determined by factors present in an individual from birth)
renaissance (rebirth or revival)

86
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

neo

A

new

neologism (new word)
neonate (a newborn child)

87
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

neur

A

nerve

neurological (pertaining to the nervous system)
innervate (to imbue with nervous energy)

88
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nom

A

law or order

autonomy (the right of self government)

89
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nom, nym

A

name

nominate (to name for an election)
synonym (a word with the same meaning as another)

90
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nomin, nomen

A

name

nomenclature (the act or process or an instance of naming)
ignominy (having one’s name shamed)

91
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

non

A

nine or not

nonagon (a polygon with nine sides and nine angles)
nonferrous (not containing or including iron)

92
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nov

A

new

renovate (to restore to a newer state)
innovate (to produce something new)

93
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

nox, noc

A

night

equinox (the day on which daylight and nighttime are of approximately equal length)
nocturnal (occurring in the night)

94
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

numer

A

number

numeral (of or relating to numbers)
innumerable (too many to be numbered)

95
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ob, oc, op

A

against or in the way of

obstruct (to block)
occlude (to shut or stop an opening)

96
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

oct

A

eight

octagon (a polygon which has eight angles and eight sides)
octave (Mus.: an interval composed of eight diatonic tones)

97
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

oligo

A

few, little

oligosaccharide (a saccharide that contains a small number of monosaccharide units)
oligarchy (rule by a few people)

98
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

omni

A

all or every

omnivorous (feeding on both animal and vegetable substances)
omniscient (having universal or complete knowledge)

99
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

onym

A

name

anonymous (not named)
pseudonym (a fictitious name)

100
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

oper

A

work

cooperate (the act of working with others)
operate (to perform or function)

101
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ortho

A

straight or correct

orthopedics (the correction or prevention of foot deformities)
orthodontist (a person who corrects or prevents irregularities of the teeth)

102
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ous, eous, ose, ious

A

having the quality of

courageous (having the quality of courage)
verbose (having the quality of using many words)

103
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

over

A

excessive or above

overwork (to cause to work too hard)
overall (above all)

104
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pac

A

peace

pacifist (strongly opposed to war or conflict)
pacify (to make calm or peaceful)

105
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pair, pare

A

to arrange or assemble

repair (to bring back together)
prepare (to arrange ahead of time)

106
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

paleo

A

old

Paleolithic (relating to the oldest stone age)
paleomagnetism (residual magnetization in ancient rock)

107
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pan

A

all

pandemonium (place of all demons)
Pan-Africanism (a movement for the political union of all the African nations)

108
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

para

A

beside or around

parallel (lying evenly side by side)
paralinguistic (arising in conjunction with language)

109
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pat, pass, path

A

feel, suffer

patient (a person who suffers pains)
passion (intense or overmastering feeling)

110
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pater, patr

A

father

paternity (the quality or state of being a father)
patriarch (a man who is a father or the founder)

111
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

path, pathy

A

feeling, suffering

pathos (an emotion of sympathetic pity)
apathy (lack of feeling or emotion)

112
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ped, pod

A

foot

pedal (a lever pressed by the foot)
tripod (a vessel resting on three legs)

113
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pedo

A

child

pediatrics (a branch of medicine dealing with children)
pediatrician (a specialist in pediatrics)

114
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pel, puls

A

drive, push, urge

dispel (to drive away by)
pulsate (to throb or move rhythmically)

115
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pend, pens, pond

A

to hang or weigh

pendant (an ornament allowed to hang free)
pendulum (a body suspended from a fixed point so it can swing freely under the action of gravity)

116
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

per

A

through, intensive

perspire (to go through skin)
perforate (to make a hole through)

117
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

peri

A

around

perimeter (outer limits)
periodontal (surrounding a tooth)

118
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phage

A

eat

bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria)
macrophage (a cell that consumes foreign antigens)

119
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phan, phas, phen, fan

A

to show or make visible

phantom (something existing in appearance only)
fantasy (the free play of creative imagination)

120
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phe

A

speak

blaspheme (to speak of or address with a lack of respect)
decipher (to determine the meaning of)

121
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phil

A

love

bibliophile (a lover of books)
philanthropy (good will toward fellow man)

122
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phlegma

A

inflammation

phlegmatic (having a slow and stolid temperament)
phlegm (dull or apathetic coldness)

123
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phobia

A

fear

claustrophobia (fear of being enclosed in narrow spaces)
acrophobia (fear of heights)

124
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phon

A

sound

telephone (an instrument for producing sound at long distances)
symphony (consonance of sounds)

125
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

phot, photo

A

light

photography (the process of producing art or images by the action of radiant energy and light)
photon (the smallest unit of electromagnetic energy)

126
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pict

A

to paint, show or draw

picture (a drawn graphic)
depict (to represent)

127
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

plac

A

please

placid (serenely free of interruption)
placate (to soothe)

128
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pli, ply

A

fold

reply (to respond)
pliable (flexible, able to be folded)

129
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

plore

A

to cry out or wail

implore (to call upon)
deplore (to regret strongly)

130
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

plu, plur, plus

A

more

plural (containing more than one)
plus (in addition)

131
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pneuma, pneumon

A

to breathe

pneumatic (having air-filled cavities)
pneumonia (a disease of the lungs)

132
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pod

A

foot

podiatry (the medical care and treatment of the human foot)
tripod (a vessel resting on three feet)

133
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

poli

A

city

metropolis (a large city)
acropolis (a fortified district in a city)

134
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

poly

A

many

polytheism (belief in more than one god)
polygon (a closed plane figure bounded by many lines)

135
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pon, pos

A

to place or put

postpone (to place later)
posture (the positioning or the bearing of the body)

136
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pop

A

people

population (the people in a region)
popular (of or relating to the general public)

137
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

port

A

to carry

portable (capable of being carried or moved)
import (to carry into a place)

138
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

portion

A

part or share

portion (an individual’s part or share)
proportion (a share of a quantity)

139
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

post

A

after or behind

postpone (to put off to a later date)
postdate (to date with a later date)

140
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pot

A

power

potentate (one who wields great power)
impotent (lacking power)

141
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pre

A

before

precede (to be earlier than)
precaution (care taken beforehand)

142
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

prehendere

A

to seize or grasp

apprehend (to catch, e.g. a fugitive)
prehensile (able to grasp)

143
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

prin, prim, prime

A

first

primacy (the state of being first)
primeval (of or relating to the earliest age or period)

144
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pro

A

forward

propel (to drive forward)
proceed (to go forward)

145
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

proto

A

first

protocol (an original draft)
prototype (an original model)

146
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

psych

A

mind or soul

psychology (the science of mind and behavior)
psychosis (fundamental derangement of the mind)

147
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

punct

A

point or dot

punctual (being on time)
puncture (a hole)

148
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

pute

A

think

impute (to attribute, to think of as)
putative (commonly thought)

149
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cresc, crease, cret

A

grow

increasing (growing bigger)
crescendo (part of a composition in which the music grows louder)

150
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

crea

A

create

creation (the act of creating)
creature (an animal)

151
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cred

A

believe

incredible (hard to believe)
incredulous (unwilling to believe)

152
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

crit

A

to separate or choose

critical (involving judgment)
criterion (a standard used to make a choice or decision)

153
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

curs

A

run

cursive (writing that runs together)
concurrent (happening or “running” at the same time)

154
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cura

A

care

curator (one who cares for artifacts in a museum)
accurate (taking care to be correct)

155
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

cyclo

A

circle or wheel

bicycle (vehicle with two wheels)
cyclic (pertaining to cycles or circular movements of time)

156
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

de

A

away or against

detach (to remove from something)
deflate (to take away air)

157
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dec, dign

A

adequate

decent (suitable, good enough)
condign (adequate)

158
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dei, div

A

God

deity (a god or godlike being)
divine (pertaining to God)

159
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dem

A

people

demographics (information about people)
democracy (rule by the people)

160
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dent, dont

A

teeth

dentist (doctor of teeth)
orthodontics (correction of tooth deformities)

161
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

di, dy

A

two

diverge (to split off in two directions)
dilemma (having to choose between two equally bad options)

162
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dic, dict, dit

A

to say or speak

diction (way of speaking)
edict (a statement by an authority)

163
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dis, dif

A

against or not

dislike (not like)
disconnected (not connected)
disarray (not in order)

164
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

doc, doct

A

to teach or prove

doctrine (teachings of a group or school)
docile (easy to teach)

165
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

domin

A

master

dominion (land ruled by a master)
dominate (to become master of someone or something)

166
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

don, dit

A

to give

donate (to give at no charge)
edit (to give changes/suggestions)

167
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dorm

A

to sleep

dormant (sleeping)
dormitory (where people sleep)

168
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dox

A

thought

unorthodox (thinking that is outside the norm)
heterodoxy (unconventional thinking)

169
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

duc, duct

A

to lead

abduct (to lead away)
conduct (to lead, e.g. an orchestra or train)

170
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dura

A

to last

endure (to last)
duration (the length of time something lasts)

171
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dynam

A

power

aerodynamics (the study of the power of air)
dynamite (a powerful explosive)

172
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

dys

A

abnormal

dyslexia (abnormal development in learning to reading)
dysfunctional (not working normally)

173
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ec, ecto

A

outside of

ecstasy (out of control joy)
eccentric (outside of the norm)

174
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

en, em

A

to put into or surround with

entangle (to surround someone in problems)
ensnare (to put into a trap)

175
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

epi

A

on or over or among

epigraph (a brief statement written over another work)
epidermis (outer layer of skin)

176
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

equi

A

equal

equidistant (equally far away)
equator (the line equally distant from each pole of the Earth)

177
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

erg

A

work

allergy (illness caused by immune system working against foreign bodies)
ergomaniac (someone obsessed with working)

178
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ev, et

A

time

medieval (the time of the Middle Ages)

179
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ex

A

out of or away from

exhale (to breath out)
extroversion (interest in one’s surroundings )

180
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fa, fess

A

to speak

affable (easy to talk to)
famous (known by many or spoken about by many)
confess (to tell the truth admitting guilt)

181
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fall, fals

A

to deceive

false (untrue)
fallacious (deceptive)

182
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fer

A

to bear or carry

ferry (a boat that carries people across water)
reference (a statement that carries the significance of another connected statement or fact)

183
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fid, feder

A

faith

fidelity (loyalty or faithfulness)
infidel (disloyal person)

184
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fig

A

shape or form

figment (a fantastic idea formed by concepts)
figure (a shape, esp. of the body)

185
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fila, fili

A

thread

filamentous (composed or containing many threads)
filet (lace made of threads)

186
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fin

A

end

infinite (endless)
finish (to complete)

187
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fix

A

to attach

prefix (a word element that is attached to the beginning of another)
transfix (to hold motionless)

188
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

flex, flect

A

to bend

genuflect (to bow with one knee bent)
reflect (to bend light back)

189
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

flict

A

to strike

conflict (strikes between foes)
inflict (to deal a blow)

190
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

flu

A

to flow

fluent (flowing easily)
fluctuate (to change or have a varying flow)

191
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

for, fore

A

before

foretell (to predict something before it has happened)
foreboding (an uneasy feeling before something bad occurs)

192
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

forc, fort

A

strong

fortitude (strength of character),
forte (area of expertise or strength)

193
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fra

A

break

infraction (the breaking of a rule)
frail (easy to break)
fragment (a broken piece)

194
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fuge

A

to flee

refugee (one who flees for his own safety)
fugacious (fleeting)

195
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

fuse

A

to pour

infuse (to pour into)

196
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

gam

A

marriage

polygamy (marriage to more than one person)
monogamy (marriage to only one person)

197
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

gen

A

race or kind

general, generic (relating to all kinds)

198
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

germ

A

vital part

germane (relevant)

199
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

gest

A

to carry or bear

gestation (pregnancy; the period of “carrying” a child)

200
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

quir, quis, quest, quer

A

to seek or ask

query (a question)
inquire (to ask about)
quest (act of seeking or searching)

201
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

re

A

back or again

retract (to pull back)
realign (to align again)

202
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

reg, recti

A

straighten

direct (straightforward)
rectify (to set right)

203
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

retro

A

backwards

retrospect (a review of past events)
retrogression (a return to a previous state)

204
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ri, ridi, risi

A

laughter

deride (to laugh at contemptuously)
risible (provoking laughter)
ridiculous (laughable)

205
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

rog

A

to ask

interrogate (to question formally and systematically)

206
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

rupt

A

break

interrupt (to break the continuity or uniformity of an action or conversation)
disrupt (to break the stream of an action)

207
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sacr, sanc, secr

A

sacred

sanctify (to bless)
sacrosanct (holy)
desecrate (to violate the holiness of something)

208
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

salv, salu

A

safe or healthy

salvage (the act of saving or rescuing property in disuse)
salvation (to save from sickness, death, or sin)

209
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sci, scio, scientia

A

know

omniscient (to have infinite understanding, awareness and insight)
conscious (perceiving with a degree of controlled observation)

210
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sat, satis

A

enough

saturation (a condition of maximum density or activity)
satisfy (to please enough)

211
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

scope

A

to see or watch

telescope (object used to view distant objects)
colonoscopy (a medical examination of the colon)

212
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

scrib, script

A

to write

postscript (something written at the end of a document)
scribe (a copier of a manuscript)

213
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

se

A

apart, to move away from

secede (to withdraw from an organization)

214
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sect, sec

A

cut

intersect (to cut across each other)
dissect (to separate into pieces)

215
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sed, sess, sid

A

sit

preside (to occupy the seat of authority)
sediment (to sit at the bottom of a liquid)
session (a seated gathering)

216
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

semi

A

half, partial

semicircle (half of a circle)
semimonthly (twice a month)

217
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sen, scen

A

old or to age

senile (exhibiting loss of abilities due to old age)
senescence (growing old)

218
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sent, sens

A

feel, think

dissension (thinking differently from someone else)
sensitive (feeling things acutely)

219
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sept

A

seven

septet (group of seven)
septennial (consisting of or lasting for seven years)

220
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sequ, sue, secu

A

follow

subsequent (following in time)
ensue (to take place afterward)
prosecute (to follow until the end)

221
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sign, signi

A

sign, mark

insignia (an official mark or badge)
signature (one’s name marked on a document)

222
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

simil, simul

A

like, resembling

simultaneous (satisfied by the same conditions)
similar (alike)

223
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sist, sta, stit

A

to stand or withstand

substitute (something that stands for something else)
persist (to remain standing)

224
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sol, solus

A

alone

solitary
soliloquy (the act of talking to yourself)

225
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

somn

A

sleep

insomnia (inability to sleep)
somnambulist (a person who sleepwalks)

226
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

soph

A

wise

philosophy (love of wisdom)
sophisticated (having refined knowledge)

227
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

spec, spect, spi, spic

A

to look, see

expect (to look forward to)
aspect (the way something looks)

228
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

gloss, glot

A

tongue

glossary (a listing of terms)
polyglot (someone who speaks multiple languages)

229
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

sump, sume

A

to take or use

consume (to use up completely)
resume (to take up again)

230
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

glu, glo

A

to bind together

conglomerate (a mass of objects formed or stuck together)
agglomerate (to gather in a bunch)

231
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

super, supra

A

over or above

superimpose (to lay over or above something)
supranational (above the level of the nation)

232
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

grad, gress, gree

A

to walk or step

gradually (developed or done in steps)
ingress (stepping into a place)

233
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

syn, sym

A

together or at the same time

synchronous (happening at the same time)
symbiosis (the phenomenon of two organisms living together)

234
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

graph, gram, graf

A

to write or draw

calligraphy (beautiful handwriting)
graphic (drawn or visually written)

235
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tact, tang, tag, tig

A

touch

tangible (able to be touched)
contiguous (touching, as of land)

236
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

grat

A

pleasure

gratify (to please)
congratulation (a pleasant commendation for good fortune)

237
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

grav

A

heaviness or weight

aggravate (to make “heavier” or worse)
gravity (literal and figurative weight of an object or situation)

238
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tain, ten, tent, tin

A

to hold, keep, or have

tenacious (holding steady, as against obstacles)
retain (to keep something)
contain (to hold inside oneself)

239
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

greg

A

herd

aggregate (to combine into a union or mass)
segregate (to set apart from the “herd”)

240
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tect, teg

A

cover

detect (to uncover)

241
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

her, hes

A

to stick to

adhesion (the act of physically sticking to another object)
coherence (being able to “stick” together, as of ideas or opinions)

242
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tele

A

distance

telephone (device that allows acoustic communication at a distance)
telescope (device that allows visual observation at a distance)

243
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

hetero

A

different

heterogeneous (made up of different components)

244
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ten, tin, tain

A

hold

tenure (the condition of holding a position or post)
obstinate (persisting in holding an opinion or ambition)

245
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tend, tens, tent

A

to stretch or strain

contend (to strain in competition)
tensile (relating to physical stress)

246
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

termin

A

end, limit

exterminate (getting rid of completely)
terminal (relating to the end)

247
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

test

A

to bear witness

testament (a statement bearing witness)
testimony (a declaration made by a witness)

248
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

homo

A

same

homogenous (made up of identical components)
homophone (a word with the same pronunciation as another)

249
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

hydra, hydro

A

water

hydraulics (the use of water in mechanics)
hydrosphere (the part of the environment made of water)

250
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

therm

A

heat

thermostat (a device used to regulate temperature)
hypothermia (subnormal temperature of the body)

251
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

thesis

A

to place or put

antithesis (something placed in opposition with another)

252
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tire

A

to draw or pull

retire (to pull back or retreat)

253
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tom

A

cut

atom (an indivisible constituent of matter)
anatomy (separation or division into parts for the purpose of detailed examination)

254
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tor, tors, tort

A

twist

torsion (twisting)
tortuous (characterized by twists and turns)

255
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tox

A

poison

intoxicated (drunk, poisoned by alcohol)
toxic (poisonous)

256
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tract, tra, treat, trai

A

to drag, pull, or draw

detract (to take away)
traction (the act of drawing or pulling with force)

257
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

trans

A

across, beyond, or to change

transform (to change in structure or composition)
transoceanic (beyond the ocean)

258
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

tri

A

three

tripod (a three-legged stand)
trinity (a group of three closely-related things)

259
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

trib

A

to pay or bestow

tribute (a payment by one ruler or nation to another)
attribute (a bestowed quality)

260
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

umber

A

shadow

umbra (a shaded area)
penumbra (an area of partial illumination)

261
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

un

A

against, not, or opposite

unceasing (never ending)
unequal (not equal)

262
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

uni

A

one

unicorn (mythical horse with one horn)
unanimous (of one mind)

263
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ure

A

an act, condition, process, or function

conjecture (the act of supposition)
exposure (the act of uncovering)

264
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

vade

A

to go

evade (to escape from)
invade (to enter for conquest)

265
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

veh, vect

A

to carry

vehicle (object used to carry goods or people)

266
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ven

A

come

venue (the place where an event is held)
convene (to summon a group)

267
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ver, veri

A

TRUE

verity (the quality of being true or real)
verisimilitude (the quality of seeming true)

268
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

verv, verb

A

word, talk

verbose (wordy)
verve (enthusiasm or spirit)

269
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

vert, vers

A

to turn or change

conversion (a change into something else)
extrovert (someone whose personality is turned towards the outside)

270
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

via

A

way

via (by way of)

271
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

vic, vicis

A

substitute or change

vicarious (serving as a substitute)
vicissitude (a change)

272
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

hyper

A

above or over

hyperactive (overly energetic)
hypersensitivity (a heightened level of sensitivity)

273
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

hypn

A

sleep

hypnosis (a sleeplike state)

274
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ignis

A

fire

ignition (to start a fire)
ignescent (having fiery sparks)

275
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

in, im, il, ir

A

not, in/upon

not: irreplaceable, illegitimate
in/upon: impress, irradiate

276
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

inter

A

between or amongst

international (between nations)
intercede (to come between)

277
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

intra

A

within

intramural (within a community or group)
intranational (within a country or nation)

278
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

vict, vinc

A

conquer

evict (to force out)
invincible (unable to be conquered)

279
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

vid, vis

A

sight

evident (plain to be seen)
visible (capable of being seen)

280
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

viv, vita, vivi

A

life

vitality (ability to survive)
vital (relating to life)

281
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

voc, voke

A

to call

evoke (to call up or forth)
revoke (to bring back or call back)

282
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

vol

A

will

malevolence (ill will, hatred)
volition (the power of deciding or choosing

283
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

volcan

A

fire

volcano
vulcanize (the process of treating crude materials such as rubber with fire)

284
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

volv, volt, vol

A

to turn about or roll

revolution (turning around)
revolt (to turn against, to rebel)

285
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

vor

A

to eat greedily

devour
voracious (having a huge appetite)

286
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

ward

A

direction

homeward (toward home)
windward (towards the direction from which the wind is blowing)

287
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

with

A

against

withhold (to refrain from granting something)

288
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

zo, zoo

A

animal

zoology (the study of animals)
protozoan (primitive animal organism)

289
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

intro

A

within

introspection (looking within oneself)

290
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

jac, ject

A

throw

eject (to forcibly throw out)

291
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

join, junct

A

joint

junction (the point where two or more lines cross)
conjoin (to unite)

292
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

judice

A

to judge

prejudice (preconceived assumptions)
judicious (having sound judgment)

293
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

juven

A

young

rejuvenate (to restore youthfulness)

294
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

lau, lav, lot, lut

A

to wash

laundry (clothes to be washed)
lavatory (washroom)

295
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

lect, lig

A

to choose or gather

eligible (able to be selected)
elective (chosen, rather than mandatory)

296
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

leg

A

law

legislature (body of government that creates laws)
legality (lawfulness)

297
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

less

A

without

senseless (not having sense)
penniless (without any money)

298
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

levi

A

lightness

levitate (to float)
levity (lightness of spirit, lack of seriousness)

299
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

liver, liber

A

freedom

liberation (being made free)
deliver (to set free)

300
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

liter

A

words or letters

literal (“to the letter”)
literary (related to books and written works)

301
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

loc

A

place

location (a specific place)
locomotion (moving from place to place)

302
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

logo, ology

A

word or reason

logic (the science of reason)
logorrhea (excessive talkativeness)

303
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

loqu, locut

A

to talk

loquacious (talkative)
soliloquy (a speech said to oneself)

304
Q

What is the denotation of the following word element(s)?

luc, lum, lust

A

light

luster (a shine from reflected light)
luminous (full of light)