environmental considerations

Question 1

conduction

Answer 1

heating through direct contact with a hot media

Question 2

convection

Answer 2

heating indirectly through Another medium, such as air or liquid

Question 3

radiation

Answer 3

transfer of heat through space from one object to another

Question 4

How many quarts of water does an athlete lose per hour

Answer 4

1-2

Question 5

At what humidity does heat loss become impaired and when does it stop

Answer 5

65%, 75%

Question 6

How long should you allow for food and fluid to digest

Answer 6

2-3 hours

Question 7

how much fluid should an athlete drink 2-3 hours and then 10-20 minutes

Answer 7

17-20, 7-10

Question 8

what is Exercise- Associated Hyponatremia

Answer 8

fluid/electrolyte disorder that results in an abnormally low concentration of sodium in the blood

Question 9

What causes exercise- associated Hyponatremia

Answer 9

excessive consumption of hypotonic fluids in combination with reduced renal water clearance, resulting in maintained or increased body weight during exercise lasting more than 1 hour

Question 10

What are signs and symptoms of exertion hypoatremia

Answer 10

progressively worsening headache; nausea and vomiting; swelling of the hands and feet; lethargy, apathy, or agitation; and low blood sodium

Question 11

What part of the season are athletes most at risk for exertional heat illness

Answer 11

first 2-3 weeks of preseason

Question 12

What are some risk factors of heat illness

Answer 12

viral infection, have a fever, or have a serious skin rash. large muscle mass. Overweight

Question 13

A loss of greater than what percent of body weight indicates that athlete is severely dehydrated

Answer 13

2%

Question 14

What is the flag color and precautions for a WBGT of <80

Answer 14

White, no precautions

Question 15

What is the flag color and precautions for a WBGT of 80-85

Answer 15

Green, take at least 15 min of break each hour

Question 16

What is the flag color and precautions for a WBGT of 80-85

Answer 16

yellow, take at least 30 min of breaks each hour

Question 17

What is the flag color and precautions for a WBGT of 88-90

Answer 17

Red, Take at least 40 min of breaks each hour

Question 18

What is the flag color and precautions for a WBGT of >90

Answer 18

Black, take at least 45 min of breaks each hour

Question 19

What is the cause of Heat syncope

Answer 19

rapid physical fatigue in heat and blood pooling in extremities

Question 20

What are signs and symptoms of Heat syncope

Answer 20

Pooling of blood in extremities, leading to dizziness, fainting, and nausea

Question 21

What is the treatment of heat syncope

Answer 21

lying down in a cool environment, replenishing fluids

Question 22

What is the cause of exercise-associated muscle cramps

Answer 22

hard work in heat; sweating heavily; overload and fatigue of the muscle

Question 23

What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps

Answer 23

muscle twitching and cramps, usually after midday; cramps in calves, abdomen, hamstring quadriceps

Question 24

What is the treatment for heat cramps

Answer 24

ingesting large amounts of water and sodium, mild stretching, ice massage of affected muscle

Question 25

What is the exertional heat exhaustion

Answer 25

prolonged sweating leading to dehydration and an inability to sustain adequate cardiac output

Question 26

What are the signs and symptoms of exertional heat exhaustion

Answer 26

excessive thirst, dry tongue and mouth, weight loss, fatigue, weakness, incoordination, mental dullness, low urine volume, slightly elevated body temperature, high serum protein and sodium, reduced swelling

Question 27

What is the treatment for exertional heat exhaustion

Answer 27

bed rest in a cool room, IV fluids, fluid intake 6-8 liter/day, sponge with cool water, keep records of body weight and fluid balance; provide semiliquid food until salivation is normal

Question 28

what is the cause of exertional heatstroke

Answer 28

thermoregulatory failure of sudden onset

Question 29

What are the signs and symptoms of exertional heatstroke

Answer 29

abrupt onset, CNS abnormalities, headache, vertigo, fatigue, flushed skin, less sweating, rapidly increasing pulse rate 160-180, increased respiration, rapid rise in temp 105, diarrhea, vomiting

Question 30

What is the treatment Exertional heatstroke

Answer 30

immediate emergency measures reduce temp to below 102, transport to hospital once temp is below 102