Environmental Engineering Flashcards
(235 cards)
1
Q
A tool used by project planners whereby proposed projects are analyzed for the possible impact that their implementation may have on the environment
A
Environmental Impact Assessment System
2
Q
It is used to predict the impact of the project to the environment
A
Aldo Leopold Matrix
3
Q
Known as the Philippine Environmental Impact Statement System
A
PD 1586
4
Q
Basic DENR policy
A
to attain and maintain a rational and orderly balance between economic growth and environmental protection
5
Q
A measure of capacity of the environment to absorb impacts within recovery threshold so there is no significant deterioration of resources to a point where sustainable ecosystem function is impaired
A
Carrying Capacity
6
Q
surrounding air, water, land, flora, fauna, humans and their interrelations
A
Environment
7
Q
It is any activity which may have varying levels of significance of impact on the environment
A
Project/Undertaking
8
Q
It is an industry whose project operation stage involves chemical, mechanical or other processes
A
Process Industry
9
Q
any natural or juridical person intending to implement a project or undertaking
A
Proponent
10
Q
entities who may be directly or significantly affected by the project or undertaking
A
Stakeholders
11
Q
a professional or group of professionals commissioned by the proponent to prepare the EIS/IEE and other documents
A
Environmental Impact Assessment Consultant
12
Q
A body of independent technical experts and professionals of known probity from various fields organized by the EMB to evaluate the EIS and other related documents and to make appropriate recommendations regarding issuance or non-issuance of an ECC
A
Environmental Impact Assessment Review Committee
13
Q
Community based multi sectoral team organized for the purpose of monitoring the Proponent’s compliance with ECC conditions, EMP and applicable laws, rules and regulations
A
Multipartite Monitoring Team (MMT)
14
Q
the director of the DENR-EMB at the central office
A
EMB Director
15
Q
the Director of the DENR-EMB at the Regional Office
A
EMB RD/ EMB RO Director
16
Q
The document issued by the DENR-EMB certifying that based on the representations of the proponent and the preparers, as reviewed and validated by the EIARC, the proposed project or undertaking will not cause a significant negative environmental impact, that the proponent has compiled with all the requirements of the EIS System
A
Environmental Compliance Certificate
17
Q
a certification issued by the EMB certifying that, based on the submitted project description, the project is not covered by the EIS System and is not required to secure an ECC
A
Certificate of Non Coverage (CNC)
18
Q
Remaining impacts after implementation of preventive and mitigating measures
A
Residual Impacts
19
Q
Additive impacts from various sources
A
Cumulative Impacts
20
Q
impacts which damage the environment to the point that the environmental resource loses its capacity to sustain life or to continue functioning within baseline levels and efficiency
A
Significant impacts
21
Q
Fund to be set up by a project proponent which shall be readily accessible and disbursable for the immediate clean up or rehabilitation of areas affected by damages in the environment and the resulting deterioration of environmental quality as a direct consequence of a project’s construction, operation or abandonment
A
Environmental Guarantee Fund (EGF)
22
Q
Fund that a proponent shall set up after an ECC is issued for its project or undertaking, to be used to support the activities of the multi-partite monitoring team.
A
Environmental Monitoring Fund (EMF)
23
Q
process that involves evaluating and predicting the likely impacts of a project on the environment during construction, commissioning, operation and abandonment
A
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
24
Q
Assessment, through the use of university accepted and scientific methods, of risks associated with a project.
A
Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA)
25
Capability of Proponents to mitigate environmental impacts of projects or programs
Environmental Performance
26
It is open, transparent, gender-sensitive, and community-based public involvement in the EIA process, aimed at ensuring the social acceptability of a project design and development and continuing until post-assessment monitoring
Public Participation:
27
Acceptability of a project by affected communities based on timely and informed participated in the EIA process particularly with regard to environmental impacts that are of concern to them
Social Acceptability
28
The stage in the EIS system where information and project impact assessment requirements are more definitely established and focused to provide the proponent and the stakeholders for the final scope of work and terms for the EIS
Scoping
29
Phase in the ECC application review process to check for the completeness the required documents, conducted by EIAM Division at the EMB
Procedural Review
30
Describes the nature, configuration, use of raw materials and natural resources, production system, waste or pollution generation and control and the activities of a proposed project
Projection Description
31
Prepared and submitted by the project proponent and/or EIA Consultant that serves as an application for an ECC.
Environmental Impact Statement
32
It is a document similar to an EIS, but with reduced details and depth of assessment and discussion
Initial Environmental Examination Report (IEER)
33
Simplified checklist version of an IEE report, prescribed by the DENR to be filled up by a proponent to identify and assess a project's environmental impacts and the mitigation/enhancement measures to address such impacts
Initial Environmental Examination Checklist Report (IEECR)
34
Documentation of the actual cumulative environmental impacts and effectiveness of current measures for single projects that are already operating but without ECCs
Environmental Performance Report and Management Plan (EPRMP):
35
Documentation of comprehensive studies on environmental baseline conditions of a contiguous area.
Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (PEIs)
36
Documentation of actual cumulative environmental impacts of co-located projects with proposals for expansion.
Programmatic Environmental Performance Report and Management Plan (PEPRM)
37
Section in the EIS that details the prevention, mitigation, compensation, contingency and monitoring measures to enhance positive impacts and minimize negative impacts and risks of a proposed project or undertaking
Environmental Management Plan/Program (EMP)
38
refers to the EMB PEPP EMS as provided for under DAO 2003-14, which is a part of the overall management system of a project of organization that includes environmental policy, organizational structure planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining an improved overall environmental performance
Environmental Management Systems (EMS)
39
It specifies the requirements of an environmental management systems for small to large organizations.
ISO 14001
40
To enhance planning and guide decision-making
Purpose of the EIA process
41
Primarily presented in the context of a requirement to integrate environmental concerns in the planning process of projects at the feasibility stage
Environmental Impact Assessment
42
During which a proponent defines its range of actions and consider project alternatives
Feasibility Study stage
43
Proclaiming certain areas and types of projects as Environmentally Critical and within the scope of the Environmental Impact Statement system established under PD 1586
Proclamation no. 2146 of Dec. 14, 1981
44
A project that has high potential significant impacts
Environmentally Critical Projects (ECPs)
45
ECP types
Heavy Industries, Resource Extractive Industries, Infrastructure Projects, Golf course projects
46
An area that is environmentally sensitive
Projects located in Environmentally Critical Areas
47
How many categories are there of ECA
12
48
NIPAS
National Integrated Protected Areas System
49
PAWB
Protected Areas & Wildlife Bureau
50
CENRO
Community Environment & Natural Resources
51
PENRO
Provincial Environment & Natural Resources
52
Determines if the project is within the purview of EIS
Screening
53
It is done with the local community through public scoping with the third party, the REVCOM, with the participation of the EMB
Scoping
54
Stage of EIA. Involves the documents involving the description of the project, baseline data, impact identification and prediction, evaluation of impact significance
EIA Study and Report Preparation
55
Screening review and evaluation of the document
EIA Report Review and evaluation
56
Decision resulting to the issuance of an ECC, CNC, or denial letter
Decision Making
57
Stage wherein it assesses the performance of the proponent against the ECC
Monitoring, Validation and Evaluation Audit
58
The EIS process emphasizes the importance of it in broadening the responsibilities for environmental protection and in promoting social progress and equity
Public participation
59
A process required in the conduct of EIA in order for the affected communities to have timely and informed participation
Social Preparation Process
60
Frontliners for all projects impacts, whether positive or negative
Multipartite Monitoring Team (MMT) System
61
Minor or Major Amendment. Expansion of the project area w/in catchment described in EIA
Major Amendment
62
Minor or Major Amendment. Addition of new product
Major Amendment
63
Minor or Major Amendment. Typographical Errors
Minor Amendment
64
Minor or Major Amendment. Increase in production capacity or auxiliary component of the original project
Major Amendment
65
Minor or Major Amendment. Extension of ECC validity
Minor Amendment
66
Minor or Major Amendment. Extension of deadlines for submission of post ECC requirements
Minor Amendment
67
Authority to Impose Fines and Penalties
Directors of the EMB Central Office or Regional Office
68
Who may issue a Cease and Desist Order (CDO) based on violations under the Philippine EIS system which cannot be attributed to specific environmental laws
The EMB director or the EMB-RD
69
Major or Minor Offense. Exceedance of project limit or area
Major Offense
70
Major or Minor Offense. Major change in project process or technology
Major Offenses
71
Major or Minor Offense. Non-submission or delay in submission of reports/requirements
Minor Offense
72
Major or Minor Offense. Delay or failure to implement ECC Conditions which do not have significant impacts to the environment
Minor Offense
73
Who can impose fines
The Secretary, EMB Director or the RD
74
How much do the projects operating w/o an ECC get to pay?
P50,000.00
75
The branch of science which is basically concerned with the interactions between organisms and their surroundings
Ecology
76
He studied the ecological succession in 1990
Henry Chandler Cowles
77
The first person to stress the importance of the relationships between plants and animals and the idea of ecology as a study of communities of organism
Victor Shelford
78
He made the concept of food chains and webs as part of ecology
Charles Elton
79
He wrote Game Management, beginning the discipline of wildlife management
Aldo Leopold
80
Everything that affects an organism during its lifetime
Environment
81
Simply single living organism
Organism
82
The members of a given species in a given area
Population
83
Levels of organization
```
Individual
Population
Communities
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
```
84
It is called the "skin of life" that includes the thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface
Biosphere
85
Includes the soil and sediments where organisms live
Lithosphere
86
It is the liquid or frozen water on or near the surface of the lithosphere
Hydrosphere
87
It is a region of gases, particulate matter and water vapor
Atmosphere
88
The lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere
Troposphere
89
2nd major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere and below the mesosphere
Stratosphere
90
Branch of ecology that deals with the biological relationship between an individual organism or an individual species and its environment
Autecology
91
Study of ecological interrelationships among communities of organisms
Synecology
92
Include all forms of life in the environment
Biotic factors
93
Non-living factors
Abiotic Factors
94
Process plants use to convert inorganic material into organic matter with the assistance of light energy
Photosynthesis
95
The green photosynthesis pigment found in the chloroplast
Chlorophyll
96
A plastid that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast
97
Environmental factors that limit growth rate of a population
Environmental resistance
98
Determines the success of a particular kind of organism more than any other factor
Limiting factor
99
Upper and lower limits to the range particular environmental factors within which and organism can survive
Limits of tolerance
100
Number of offspring that could theoretically exist if all offspring survived and produced young
Biotic potential
101
The space that the organism or community inhabits; the place where it lives
Habitat
102
Functional role the organism/species plays in a community
Niche
103
The process that causes organisms to adapt to their environment
Natural selection
104
Change in the characteristics shown by the organisms and the kinds of organisms present during the process of natural selection
Evolution
105
Production of new species from previously existing species
Speciation
106
Relationship in which neither population is affected by association with the other
Neutralism
107
Kind of interaction in which 2 organism strive to obtain the same limited resources and in the process both organisms are harmed to some extent
Competition
108
It is competition between members of the same species
Intraspecific competition
109
It is competition between different species
Interspecific competition
110
Relationship in which one population is inhibited by an external factor and the other is not affected
Amensalism
111
One species benefits while the other species is harmed
Parasitism
112
Dependent organism
Parasite
113
The species that is harmed
Host
114
It is parasites that live on the surface of their hosts
Ectoparasite
115
It is parasites which live inside the bodies of their hosts
Endoparasites
116
It occurs when one animal, kills and eats the other
Predation
117
Relationship in which one species benefits while the other is not harmed/affected
Commensalism
118
Favorable to both organisms. But not obligatory to them
Protocooperation
119
Relationship wherein both species benefit from each other
Mutualism
120
Graphical representation design to show the bio-productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem
Ecological pyramids
121
ultimate source of all energy
Sun
122
organisms that uses an outside source of energy to create enery-rich food molecules
Producers
123
organisms that cannot create energy-rich molecules but obtains its food by eating other organisms
Consumers
124
consume wastes and dead organism
Decomposers
125
organisms which can synthesize their own complex, energy rich, organic molecules from simple inorganic molecules
Autotrophs
126
Organisms who must obtain complex, energy rich, organic compounds from the bodies of other organisms
Heterotrophs
127
Heterotrophic organisms who secrete digestive enzymes onto dead organism matter and absorb the digested material
Saprotrophs
128
Heterotrophic organisms who ingest dead organic matter
Detritivores
129
Dead or decaying organic matter
Detritus
130
Each step in the flow of energy through an ecosystem
Trophic Level
131
Graphical model of energy flow in a community
Pyramid of energy
132
A graphical representation that depicts the biomass existent in per unit area in all the different level of ecological system
Pyramid of Biomass
133
Number of organisms in a food chain can be represented graphically in a pyramid. Each bar represents the number of individuals at each trophic level in the food chain
Pyramid of numbers
134
- The passage of energy from one trophic level to the next as a result of one organism consuming another
Food chain
135
Made up of several overlapping and intersecting food chains
Food web
136
Natural biological, geological and chemical process that occur in different ecosystems; facilitate the self-regulating process of an ecosystem
Biogeochemical cycle
137
- Water on soil, plants and bodies of water evaporate into the atmosphere, collect into clouds and return as rain
Water cycle
138
ability of a rock or sediment to let fluids pass through its open spaces or pores
Permeability
139
the process of a liquid seeping into the ground
Percolation
140
- Bacteria that are able to convert the nitrogen gas in the atmosphere into forms that plants can use
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
141
Bacteria that are able to convert nitrite to atmospheric nitrogen gas
Denitrifying bacteria
142
Regular, predictable changes in the structure of a community over time
Succession
143
relatively stable, long lasting, more complex, and interrelated community of pants, animals, fungi and bacteria
Climax community
144
each step in the succession process
Successional or seral stage
145
the entire sequence of stages of succession (from pioneer community to climax community)
Sere
146
Terrestrial climax communities with wide geographical distribution
Biomes
147
Receives less than 25cm of precipitation per year
Desert
148
Receives between 25 and 75 cm of precipitation per year. Windy with hot summers and cold to mild winters
Grasslands
149
Extensive grasslands w/ occasional or patches of trees. Typically tropical with 50-150 cm of rain per year
Savanna
150
○ Has an average temperature of 25degC. Receive 200-500 cm or more rain per year
Tropical rain forest
151
Receive 100cm or more of relatively evenly distributed precipitation per year
Temperate deciduous forest
152
Receives 25-100 cm precipitation per year. Climate is humid because of the generally low temperature during all parts of the year
Coniferous forest
153
Cold, dry, treeless biome with less than 25 cm of precipitation per year
Tundra
154
Free-swimming organisms in the ocean
Pelagic animals
155
The upper region of bodies of water where the sun's rays penetrate thus, where phytoplankton are located
Euphotic zone
156
Microscopic, floating algae that carry on photosynthesis in pelagic ecosystem
Phytoplankton
157
Small, weakly swimming animals that feed on phytoplankton
Zooplankton
158
Organisms that live on the ocean bottom
Benthic organism
159
Commonly called seaweeds, are common attached photosynthetic organisms in shallow water
Kelp
160
important in determining the kind of benthic community that develops
Substrate
161
Located at great depths on the ocean that rely on continuous rain of organic matter from the euphotic zone
Abyssal ecosystem
162
Result of large numbers of small sea animals (called corals) that secrete external skeletons
Coral reef ecosystem
163
Occupy a region near the shore where the water is shallow and wave action is not too great so that mangroves can become established
Mangrove Swamp Ecosystem
164
Tropical trees that are able to live in very wet, salty muds along the ocean shore
Mangroves
165
Consist of shallow, partially enclosed areas where freshwater enters the ocean
Estuaries
166
The study of bodies of freshwater
Limnology
167
The formation of water layers based on salinity and temperature
Stratification
168
Lakes are similar in structure to oceans except that the species are different because most marine organisms cannot live in freshwater
Lake ecosystem
169
The region with rooted vegetation
Littoral zone
170
The portion of the lake that does not have rooted vegetation
Limnetic zone
171
Deep, cold, nutrient-poor lakes that are low in productivity
Oligotrophic lakes
172
Moderately productive
Mesotrophic lakes
173
Shallow, warm, nutrient-rich lakes
Eutrophic lake
174
The formation of water layers based on salinity and temperature
Stratification
175
Layer of water where sunlight is sufficient for photosynthesis
Euphotic zone
176
A deep zone of an inland body of freestanding water located below the range of effective light penetration. Typically below the thermocline
Profundal zone
177
Lake bottom sediment
Benthic zone
178
Thick but distinct layer in a large body of fluid in which temperature changes more rapidly with depth than it does in the layers above or below
Thermocline
179
Sudden dramatic mass fish death caused by insufficient oxygen in a frozen lake
Winterkill
180
No light present
Aphotic
181
the top most layer in a thermally stratified lake. It is warmer and typically has a higher pH and higher DO concentration than the hypolimnion
Epilimnion
182
the dense, bottom layer of water in a thermally-stratified lake. The layer that lies below the thermocline. The coldest layer of a lake in summer, and the warmest layer during winter
Hypolimnion
183
Collection of algae, animals and fungi
Periphyton
184
Area of trees that are able to live in places that are either permanently flooded or flooded for a major part of the year
Swamps
185
Areas that are dominated by grasses and reeds
Marshes
186
lands with areas not less than 1 hectare and 60 m wide, which are at least 10% stocked with forest trees, wild palms, bamboos or bushes
Forest
187
Areas once covered with tropical moist forest, converted to plantation forest, fire-climax cogon grassland and reproduction brushlands
Marginal land
188
Denuded forest lands, croplands and grazing lands that have been abandoned, including areas of exposed soil resulting from landslides or erosion
Open lands
189
Land with natural grass cover, devoid of trees or with very few isolated trees
Grasslands
190
Large tracts of land naturally vegetated with native grasses, herbs or shrubs of valuable forage
Rangelands
191
Lands primarily used for the production of forage plants, naturally or artificially. These are maintained through proper grazing management
Grazing lands
192
small lands usually fenced mainly for raising forage plants for domestic livestock
Pasturelands
193
refers to the productive efforts whereby natural resources are put to use without jeopardizing their capacity for renewal
agriculture
194
the strip of land and adjacent lake or ocean space in which ecology and land use directly affect the ocean space ecology and vice-versa
Coastal zone
195
a complex mixture of inorganic materials, decaying organic matter, water, air, and a great array of organisms
Soil
196
young soil, like those recently formed along a stream
Entisols
197
igh in clay, large 'shrink-well" capacity
Vertisols
198
young soil beginning to show horizon development
Inceptisols
199
soils with organic component in dry regions
Aridsols
200
ertile soils with high organic content, very fertil
Mollisols
201
acidic and sandy, developing in cool, moist climates
Spodosols
202
moderately acidic clay soils, above average agricultural soils
Alfisols
203
old soils which have been leached; low fertility
Utisols
204
high in iron, highly acidic, low in nutrients
Oxisols
205
high organic content, poorly drained
Histosls
206
volcanic deposition (lava flow)
Andisols
208
Environmentally Critical Projects in either ECA or NECA
Group 1
209
NECP in ECA
Group 2
210
NECP in NECA
Group 3
211
Co-located projects in either ECA or NECA
Group 4
212
Unclassified
Group 5
213
Environmental Impact Statement Maximum time of it getting processed
120 wd
214
Environmental Performance Report Management Plan. Maximum time
90 wd
215
Environmental Impact Statement. Maximum time
60 wd
216
Initial Environmental Examination Report. Maximum time
60wd
217
IEECR. Maximum time
30 wd
218
PDR. Maximum Time
15 wd
219
EPRMP. Maximum time
30wd
220
PDR. Maximum Time.
15wd
221
PEIS. Maximum time
180wd
222
PEPRMP. Maximum time
120wd
223
Limit # of pages of PEIS
350 pages
224
Limit # of pages of EIS
250 pages
225
Limit # of pages of PEPRMP
200 pages
226
Limit # of pages of EPRMP
150 pages
227
Limit # of pages of IEER
75 pages
228
Limit of # of pages of PDR
10 pages
229
of copies of EIA report req. to be submitted for PEIS
10 hard + 1 CD
230
of copies of EIA Report req. to be submitted for EIS
7 hard + 1 CD
231
of copies of EIA Report req. to be submitted for PEPRMP
5 hard + 1 CD
232
of copies of EIA Report req. to be submitted for EPRMP
5 hard + 1 CD
233
Frequency of submission of CMR
Semi-annual
234
Frequency of submission for SMR
Quarterly
235
Frequency of submission for CMVR
Semi-annually
236
Frequency of submission for CER
Prepared semi-annually
