Environmental Science - Chapter 9

Question 1

Respiratory condition from accumulation of coal dust in the lungs

Answer 1

Black lung disease

Question 2

Removing material located on the top of a vein of coal

Answer 2

Surface mining

Question 3

Involves a shaft going down into the Earth

Answer 3

Underground mining

Question 4

Resources that are being used much faster than it can be produced / replenished

Answer 4

Nonrenewable energy sources

Question 5

Resources that replenish themselves or are continuously present

Answer 5

Renewable energy sources

Question 6

Most widely used coal with low moisture and high carbon content

Answer 6

Bituminous coal

Question 7

Coal the has high moisture and is least desirable

Answer 7

Lignite coal

Question 8

A liquid form of a fossil fuel that was formed from cooling it to -162 degrees C

Answer 8

Liquified natural gas

Question 9

The time it takes for one-half of the radioactive material to spontaneously decompose

Answer 9

Radioactive half-life

Question 10

Uses a moving particle with two neutrons and two particles

Answer 10

Alpha radiation

Question 11

The following is true for a nuclear fission reactor.

Answer 11

The coolant transfers heat away from the reactor.

Question 12

Decommissioning involves…

Answer 12

decontaminating building surfaces
disposal of fuel
disassembly of parts

Question 13

Problems associated with the burning of coal…

Answer 13

carbon dioxide and global warming
air pollution
acid deposition

Question 14

Biological effects of ionizing radiation include…

Answer 14

damage to DNA
mutations
damage to molecules in cells

Question 15

Carbon dioxide serves as coolant for a graphite-moderated core in…

Answer 15

gas-cooled reactor

Question 16

Forms of energy released from nuclear disintegration

Answer 16

alpha
gamma
beta

Question 17

The following are associated with hydraulic fracturing or “hydrofracking”..

Answer 17

special drilling techniques
used to extract oil and natural gas from shale
pumping of water and chemicals into wells

Question 18

Parts of the nuclear fuel cycle are…

Answer 18

mining uranium ore
fabricating fuel into fuel rods
enriching the uranium ore

Question 19

Environmental issues related to coal mining are…

Answer 19

acid mine drainage
subsidence of the land surface
air pollution

Question 20

Energy from a nuclear power plant results from

Answer 20

the disintegration of the nucleus of atoms

Question 21

True or False. The concentration of uranium increases as fission takes place in the nuclear reactor of a power plant

Answer 21

False

Question 22

One of the greatest terrorism-related nuclear threats is from..

Answer 22

dirty bombs

Question 23

The radioactive isotope generally used to fuel a controlled nuclear chain reaction?

Answer 23

uranium 235

Question 24

True or False. Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Disadvantages of coal mining include...

Answer 25

acid mine drainage black lung disease acid deposition

Question 26

True or False. A nuclear power plant could not operate effectively or safely without a source of water.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The coal with the highest carbon content is...

Answer 27

Bituminous

Question 28

Oil is formed from...

Answer 28

plant material

Question 29

The Primary Recovery Method for extracting oil...

Answer 29

is using the pressure of the water or gas associated with the oil deposit to push the oil to the surface as its drilled

Question 30

Where does the majority of the oil entering the oceans come from?

Answer 30

Runoff from land and human activities like boating

Question 31

Describe the stages of coal formation.

Answer 31

Coal was formed from plant material that was subjected to heat and pressure.