Enzymes

Question 1

what are the 3 reasons to affecting the rate of reactions

Answer 1

1.High temperatures - like with any reactions a higher temp increases the rate at first. however if it gets too hot, some of the bonds holding the enzymes together break. which changes the shape on the enzymes active sit -the enzyme is now denatured
2.ph - if the ph is too high or too low the ph interferes with the bonds holding the enzyme together. the active site then changes shape and denatures the enzyme
3.substrate concentration - the higher the substrate concentration the quicker the reaction however once all active sites in the enzymes are full adding more makes no difference

Question 2

what is the optimum pH a enzyme works out

Answer 2

pH neutral 7 -however enzymes like pepsin works best at pH 2 as it is found in the stomach and used to break down proteins pH2 is well suited to the acidic conditions

Question 3

What is the function of an enzyme

Answer 3

an enzymes function is to speed up chemical reactions in the body

Question 4

how to calculate the rate of reaction

Answer 4

rate =1000 divided by time
rate =1000 / time

Question 5

what do enzymes break down

Answer 5

big molecules such as proteins, lipids and carbohydrates

Question 6

why is it important that organisms are able to break down into smaller components

Answer 6

so they can be used for growth and other life processes

Question 7

what enzyme breaks down carbohydrates and what do they convert them into

Answer 7

carbohydrases and the convert them into simple sugars such as amylase is a carb and it breaks down starch

Question 8

what enzyme breaks down proteins and what do they convert them into

Answer 8

proteases convert proteins into amino acids

Question 9

what enzyme breaks down lipids and what do they convert them into

Answer 9

lipases converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids