Enzymes

Question 1

What are enzymes?

Answer 1

Biological catalysts that speed up the rate of a reaction without the altering the final equilibrium

Question 2

In what ways are enzymes specific?

Answer 2

It catalyses one type of reaction
Some will act on only substrate
Some only will only act on a specific stereoisomer

Question 3

What do oxidorectudases do?

Answer 3

They catalyse the transfer of hydrogen atoms and electrons

Question 4

What do transferases do?

Answer 4

They catalyse the transfer functional groups from donors to acceptors

Question 5

What do lyases do?

Answer 5

They catalyse the cleavage of C-C, C-O or C-N bonds, adding or removing double bonds

Question 6

What do hydrolases do?

Answer 6

Catalyse cleavage of bonds by adding water

Question 7

What do isomerases do?

Answer 7

Catalyse transfer of groups within same molecule

Question 8

What do ligases do?

Answer 8

Use ATP to catalyse formation of new covalent bonds

Question 9

What are some inorganic elements that act as cofactors for enzymes?

Answer 9

Cu2+ - cytochrome oxidase
Fe2+/3+ - cytochrome oxidase, catalase, peroxidase
K+ - pyruvate kinase

Question 10

What sort of things are co-enzymes?

Answer 10

FAD, NAD, ATP

Question 11

What is the Michaelis-Menton equation?

Answer 11

E + S → ES → E + P (reversible)