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Epithelium Flashcards

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1
Q

three principal functions of epithelium

A
  1. Covering (Epidermis)
  2. Absorption (Intestinal lining)
  3. Secretion (Glands)
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2
Q

3 shapes of epithelial cells

A
  1. Squamous (Flattened Nuclei)
  2. Cuboidal (Spherical Nuclei)
  3. Columnar (Elongated Nuclei)
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3
Q

The connective tissue that underlies the epithelia lining the organs of the digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems is called?

A

Lamina Propria

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4
Q

2 layers of Basement Membrane

A
  1. Basal Lamina = on the apical side
  2. Reticular Lamina

Type VII collagen connects basal & ret; Type III in Reticular

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5
Q

2 layers of the Basal Lamina

A
  1. Lamina Lucida - consists of Laminin
  2. Lamina Densa - consists of type VI collagen
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6
Q

What junction forms a seal between adjacent cells? Otherwise known as?

Controlling of passage ng molecules

A

Tight Junctions or Zonula Occludens

Integral proteins = Occludins, Claudins

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7
Q

What do you call the sites of strong cell adhesion?

Below tight junctions; firmly anchoring a cell to its neighbors

A

Adherens Junction or Zonula Adherens

Protein = Cadherin

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8
Q

Provides points of strong intermediate filament coupling between adjacent cells, strengthening the tissue

A

Desmosomes or Macula Adherens

Cadherin familiy too ang proteins

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9
Q

What junction anchors the cytoskeleton to the basal lamina?

A

Hemidesmosome

Transmembrane protein = Integrin

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10
Q

Junction that focuses on cellular communication rather than adhesion or occlusion

A

Gap Junction or Nexus

Transmembrane protein = Connexin

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11
Q

What are the 5 cell junctions? (accdg to layer + other term)

A
  1. Tight Junction (Zonula Occludins)
  2. Adherens Junction (Zonula Adherens)
  3. Desmosome (Macula Adherens)
  4. Gap Junction (Nexus)
  5. Hemidesmosome (Anchoring Junction)
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12
Q

What do you call the apical surface specialization that is visible as a brush or striated border projecting into the lumen?

A

Microvilli

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13
Q

This specialization of the apical surface is responsible for the increase in surface area for better absorption, what is this?

A

Microvilli

usually seen in the intestinal tract

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14
Q

The term used by doc yolo to describe rapidly dividing cells

A

Labile

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15
Q

This apical specialization is best seen on the epithelium of the male reproductive system

A

Stereocilia

In the epididymis

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16
Q

This specialization is abundant on cuboidal or columnar cells but usually on columnar. Long & highly motile too and larger than microvilli containing arrays of microtubules

A

Cilia; dominant sa columnar

9+2 microtubule arrangement called axoneme

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17
Q

Types of Epithelium (based on function)

A
  1. Covering or Lining epithelia
  2. Secretory or Glandular epithelia
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18
Q

Identify the epithelium

Lining of blood vessels

A

Simple Squamous

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19
Q

Identify the epithelium

Pericardium, Pleura, and Peritoneum

A

Simple Squamous

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20
Q

Identify the epithelium

Thyroid

A

Simple Cuboidal

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21
Q

Identify the epithelium

Lining of the ovary

A

Simple Cuboidal

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22
Q

Identify the epithelium

Lining of the intestine

A

Simple Columnar

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23
Q

Identify the epithelium

Gallbladder

A

Simple Columnar

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24
Q

Identify the epithelium

Epidermis

A

Stratified Squamous Keratinized

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25
# Identify the epithelium Mouth
Stratified Squamous Nonkeratizined
26
# Identify the epithelium Esophagus
Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized
27
# Identify the epithelium Larynx
Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized
28
# Identify the epithelium Vagina
Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized
29
# Identify the epithelium Anal canal
Stratified Squamous Nonkeratinized
30
# Identify the epithelium Sweat glands
Stratified Cuboidal
31
# Identify the epithelium Submaxillary gland
Stratified Cuboidal
32
# Identify the epithelium Sublingual Gland
Stratified Cuboidal
33
# Identify the epithelium Parotid Gland
Stratified Cuboidal
34
# Identify the epithelium Developing ovarian follicles
Stratified Cuboidal
35
# Identify the epithelium Bladder
Transitional
36
# Identify the epithelium Renal Calyces
Transitional
37
# Identify the epithelium Ureters
Transitional
38
# Identify the epithelium Conjunctiva
Stratified Columar
39
# Identify the epithelium Urethra
Stratified Columnar
40
# Identify the epithelium Trachea
Pseudostratified columnar ciliated
41
# Identify the epithelium Bronchi
Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated
42
# Identify the epithelium Nasal Cavity
Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated
43
# Identify the epithelium Epididymis
Pseudostratified Columnar Stereocilia
44
What epithelium allows for the distensions?
Transitional
45
Epithelial cells that function mainly to produce and secrete are called?
Glands
46
Glands that have ducts and remain connected to the surface epithelium
Exocrine Glands
47
Glands that lose their connection to their original epithelium
Endocrine glands
48
2 types of glands
1. Simple (single duct) 2. Compound (2 or more branches)
49
2 types of secretory portions of glands
1. Tubular (short, long, or coiled tubes) 2. Acinar (round & saclike)
50
3 basic mechanisms for product releasing
1. Merocrine - released by exocytosis 2. Holocrine - disintegration of secretory cells themselves (usually seen on sebaceous glands and lipid-producing) 3. Apocrine - secretions are parts of the cell itself (cytoplasm & cell membrane) (lipid droplets in the mammary gland)
51
2 types of merocrine secretions
1. Serous - kapag hindi nagbibiro 2. Mucous - mucins then mucous (mucins are proteins)
52
most common tumors in adults after age 45. cancer of the glands
Adenocarcinoma
53
malignant tumors of epithelial origin are called?
carcinomas
54
change of epithelium shape to another shape
metaplasia | this is reversible
55
abnormal tissue growth
neoplasia | irreversible
56
# Identify type of duct Mucous glands of colon; intestinal glands or crypts
Simple Tubular
57
# Identify type of duct Uterus and stomach glands
Branched Tubular
58
# Identify type of duct Sweat glands
Coilded tubular
59
# Identify type of duct small mucous glands in the urethra
Acinar
60
# Identify type of duct Sebaceous glands skin
Branched Acinar
61
# Identify type of duct Brunner's glands
Tubular | Compound
62
# Identify type of duct Exocrine pancreas
Acinar | Compound
63
# Identify type of duct Salivary Glands
Tubuloacinar | Compound
64
Glycosylated proteins in mucous cells
Mucins | mucins muna to produce mucus

Histology (8 decks)

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