Epithelium & Glands

Question 1

Basement Membrane

Answer 1

connects the epithelia and connective tissue

Question 2

2 Portions of Basement Membrane

Answer 2

Basal Lamina

Reticular Lamina

Question 3

Basal Lamina

Answer 3

layer of ECM secreted by epithelial cells that is part of the basement membrane

Question 4

Reticular Lamina

Answer 4

reticular fibers that aid in anchoring the connective tissue to the basal lamina

Question 5

2 Portions of Basal Lamina

Answer 5

Lamina Lucida

Lamina Densa

Question 6

Lamina Lucida

Answer 6

• found between the basal layer of cells and the lamina densa
• light region in microscope

Question 7

Lamina Densa

Answer 7

• found between the lamina lucida and connective tissue

- dark region in microscope

Question 8

Zonulae Occludens (Tight Junctions)

Answer 8

between adjacent plasma membranes, preventing external materials from penetrating these cells

Question 9

Zonulae Adherents (Adherens Junctions)

Answer 9

forms belt-like structure that acts like an anchoring mechanism

Question 10

Desmosomes

Answer 10

disc shaped plaques that are located within the cytoplasm of adjacent cells which contain attachment proteins that form bridges between adjacent cells
-permeable to water and helps resist shear forces

Question 11

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 11

half desmosomes that attach basal cell membrane to the basal lamina

Question 12

Gap Junctions

Answer 12

transmembrane proteins, form connections or aqueous pores within the membrane allowing materials or signals to pass through cell to cell

Question 13

Goblet Cells

Answer 13

• glandular simple columnar epithelial cells (unicellular) whose function is to secrete mucins, thus lubricating and protecting epithelial sheet
• sit at basal region of basal lamina and extend into the lumen

Question 14

Microvilli

Answer 14

cylindrical, fingerlike projections of plasma membrane that do not move but help to increase surface area for absorption

Question 15

Stereocilia

Answer 15

long, non-motile processes that are branched microvilli (not true cilia)

Question 16

Cilia

Answer 16

• small, thick motile projections that extend off of epithelial cells
• involved in sensory functions and movement of mucus
• 9+2 doublet arrangement

Question 17

Flagella

Answer 17

motile tail projection that aids in locomotion

Question 18

Exocrine

Answer 18

release externally (ex. in lumen)

Question 19

Endocrine

Answer 19

release internally (ex. into blood)

Question 20

Mucus Glands

Answer 20

• secrete glycoprotein solution (mucin)

- appear clear and light

Question 21

Serous Glands

Answer 21

• secrete clear, watery enzyme solution

- appear dark

Question 22

Serous Demilunes

Answer 22

glands that contain both mucus and serous cells

Question 23

Merocrine

Answer 23

secreted through exocytosis into an epithelial-walled duct or into the lumen (VESICLES)

Question 24

Holocrine

Answer 24

produced in cytoplasm of cell and are released into lumen through rupturing of cell membrane, destroying the cell (SACRIFICE)

Question 25

Apocrine

Answer 25

secreted through budding of secretant vesicles out of the cell membrane into the lumen (A PIECE)