Equilibrium Flashcards
(63 cards)
Chemical EQ
All R & P reach constant C in a closed system
Dynamic EQ
Rates F & B are equal (usually)
EQ Position
Relative C of R & P in a sys in a dynamic EQ
K Values change based on
- Temp, closed system
- Stays the same regardless of C
- k = P/R
Heterogeneous EQ
- Sys has more than 1 state
- Pure liquids, & solids C can’t change, therefore not included
Magnitude of K
- K < 1: R over P
- K = 1: P & R are similar
- K > 1: P over R
Le Châtelier Principle
When chem sys at EQ is changed, sys will do the opposite to return to EQ
EQ Shift
C of R & P are restored to EQ
More R added
EQ shifts R, to P
Less R added
EQ shifts L, to R
If endo rxn cooled
Shift L bc R has to decrease
If endo rxn heated
Shift R bc increase of nrg to make more P
If exo rxn cooled
Shift R bc nrg is released to counteract change
If exo rxn heated
Shift L bc nrg will be used as P to R
Partial Pressure
- Pressure a gas in a mixture would exert, even alone
- P inverse to V (if V halved, P double)
Factors that changes EQ Sys w/o EQ position
- Catalysts
- Inert gas: unreactivity helps pressure but not partial pressure
- States: EQ only affected by C in same state
If Q < K
EQ shifts R
If Q = K
Sys at EQ
If Q > K
EQ shifts L
Solubility EQ
Dynamic EQ btwn solute & solvent in a sat sol
Ksp
Value from EQ law in a sat solution based on temp
Molar Solubility
- The amount of mol dissolved in 1 L of sat sol
- Combines to calculate for Ksp
If Q > Ksp
Solubility shifts L, precips happens
If Q < Ksp
Solubility shifts R, no precip
