Equilibrium Flashcards
(13 cards)
Equilibrium
A chemical reaction when concentrations of reactants and products are constant. When the froward and reverse reactions occur at equal rates.
In a closed system
Le chateliers principle
When a system at equilibrium is placed under stress the system will undergo a change in such a way to relieve that stress and restore a state of equilibrium.
Change in temperature as a stress
Increasing temperature will shift in the direction that decreases energy.
Decreasing temperature will shift in the direction of energy.
Change in concentration as a stress
Adding a reactant or product will shift in direction that removes them.
ONLY FOR AQ AND Q
Catalysts as a stress?
Don’t affect anything
Change in pressure as a stress
Increase pressure- Shifts to fewer moles
Decrease pressure- shifts to more moles
As you decrease volume you…
Increase pressure
Keq
Represents the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium.
ONLY FOR AQ AND Q
Keq~=1
Keq>1
Keq<1
Equilibrium
Products favoured
Reactants favoured
Reaction quotient
Used to determine whether a reaction has reached equilibrium and if not, predicts which way it shifts.
Keq =Q
Keq>Q
Keq
Equilibrium
Shifts right
Shifts left
Necessary conditions for dynamic equilibrium
- Closed system
- Rate of forward equals rate of reverse
- Macroscopic properties: colour, pressure, concentration, and PH are constant.
- Either direction can establish
List some practical applications of equilibrium
- Hemoglobin and oxygen in the blood
- Blood PH
- Chicken eggs
