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Flashcards in Solutions And Neutralizations Deck (27)
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1
Q

Aqueous solution

A

A solution where water is the solvent

2
Q

Dissociation equation

A

Formulas/ reactions showing the separation of ionic salt in water by dissolving

3
Q

Precipitate

A

Solid that “falls” out of solution

4
Q

Spectator ions

A

Ions that remain in solution after the precipitate reaction has occurred.

In reeks reactions they may be soluble but do not change in oxidation

5
Q

Neutralization reactions

A

Special type of double displacement reaction that involves a strong acid and a strong base to produce a salt and water in liquid form.

6
Q

Naming acids steps:

Binary?

Oxyacid?

A

Binary: -hydro prefix, root of nonmetal element, is ending and acid

Oxyacid:-“ate” ions make “ic” acids
-“ite” ions make “ous” acids

7
Q

Naming bases:

A

Cation+hydroxide

8
Q

What makes a substance a strong acid or base?

A

Is dissociates completely

Ex: HCl—->H+(aq)+Cl-(aq)

9
Q

Titration:

A

Laboratory technique used when performing a neutralization. Also used to determine the concentration of an unknown.

10
Q

Do covalent substances dissolve?

A

Yes but don’t dissociate

11
Q

Oxidation

A

The combining of oxygen with other elements (loss of electrons)

12
Q

Reduction

A

The remaining of oxygen from a compound (gain of electrons)

13
Q

[]

A

Molarity: concentration unit measured in Mol/L

14
Q

Where are oxidation sign?

A

In front of number

15
Q

Rules of oxidation numbers

A

Any elemental atom (Fe) or multiple of self (N2) is 0
An ions oxidation number is its charge
Hydrogen’s in +1 except in metal hydrides then it’s -1
Oxygens is -2

16
Q

Surface tension

A

The inward force or pull which leads to minimize the surface area of a liquid

17
Q

Solvation

A

Occurs when a solute dissolves

18
Q

Electrolyte

A

Compounds that conduct an electrical current in an aqueous solution or molten state.

A strong electrolyte has a large fraction of solute that exist as ions

19
Q

Reducing agent

A

A substance in a redox reaction that donates electrons; in the reaction, reducing agent is oxidized.

20
Q

Oxidizing agent:

A

A substance in a redox reaction that accepts electrons, in the reaction, the oxidizing agent is reduced.

21
Q

Sacrificial metal

A

Metal allowed to corrode in order to save another from corroding.

Transfers electrons to metal that has lost them

22
Q

Salts

A

Ionic compounds consisting of an atom from an acid and a cation from a base.

23
Q

Equivalence Point

A

The point in a titration where the number of moles of hydrogen ions is equal to the number of moles of hydroxide ions.

24
Q

End point

A

The point in titration at which the indicator changes colour

25
Q

What must happen in order to dissolve

A

The polar nature of water must be strong enough to overcome the attraction between ions in a compound.

Water is polar and attracted to other parts of molecules, causing them to separate.

26
Q

Dipolar

A

Polar molecules attract one another, leads to a dipolar interaction between the positive region of water and the negative region of another. Weak compared to IMF

27
Q

Standardization

A

The process of determining the exact concentration of a solution