Reaction Rates Flashcards
(20 cards)
The collision theory contains what two factors?
- Hard hit
2. Aligned hit
Enthalpy
The potential energy change of a reaction
Standard writing of reaction and notation form
A+B+250KJ——>AB
A+B—->AB. /\H=250KJ
Reaction rate formula
-/[A]=/[B]
—— ——
/\t. /\t
Mol/L*s. M/s
Instantaneous rates
Is specific to a given time not over a period of time. Found by calculating the slope of a tangent of the curve.
Rise =/[A]
—————
Run. /\t
Factors that affect rate of rxn- influence collisions
- Nature of reactants (chemical bonds, states)
- Concentration
- Temperature
- Pressure of gases
- Surface area
- Catalyst or inhibitor
Ions in solution.... Acids/bases... Molecular vs ionic... Aqueous/ liquids.... Homogenous (one state)....
Higher Higher Lower molecular Higher Higher
Rates of consumption=
Rate of production=
Rate of disappearances=
Reactant
Product
Reactant
Rate=
The change in the amount of reactant or product per unit time
Activation energy
Minimum energy colliding particles or product per unit time to react
Activated complex
Unstable arrangement momentarily at peak of activation energy where transition occurs
Catalyst
Substance the increases the rate of reactions whiteout being used up during the reactions by allowing reactions to proceed along lower energy paths.
Which factor affects the rate of heterogenous reactions but not affect the rate of homogenous reactions?
Surface area
Reaction mechanism
A series of simple steps involving chemical collisions when added added result in the overall reaction.
Intermediate
The product of a reaction that immediately becomes a reactant in another reaction.
Rate determining step
The slowest of the steps which has the highest Ea
Where can you find a catalyst in a reaction mechanism?
Left side then right side
When can the rate law be derived?
Wheat all factors that affect a rate of reaction are held constant except concentration
Zero order
When the change in concentration has no effect on the rate.
Overall order
Sum of all orders
