Equine: Integument Flashcards
Describe lice in horses
densely stocked, present in winter
will have pruritus and rub out hair
usually biting lice and is species specific
tx by pyrethrin based shampoo or pyrethrin powder (difficult tof find)
What is chorioptic mange? how do you treat it?
chorioptic bovis mite
“feather mites”
common in horses with feathering, hyperkeratotic (hardened)skin, stomping, biting at legs
Tx w/ systemic ivermectin, clipping feathers, pyrethrin shampoo
What is pastern dermatitis?
“Scratches” “Greasey heel”, mud fever
usually legs w/ white marking s+/- in wet enclosure
Thick, crusts w/ underlying purulent discharge
combined bacterial and fungal infection
sometimes an immune component
Tx w/ topical antibacterial, antifungal, steroid cream
Prevention w/ clean, dry pens, on-abrasive pasture (ex. stubble fields)
What is dermatophytosis?
Ringworm - fungal infection - ZOONOTIC
pruritic, round areas of alopecia
highly contagious
tx w/ antifungal, fluoride toothpaste, benign neglect
What are papillomatosis?
warts. virus. in yg horses, on muzzle, prepuce, vulva
may predispose to squamous cell carcinoma
benign neglect
pinch/crush believed to release virus from nodules so immune system can fight it.
What are sarcoids?
Most common skin tumor in eq’s
thought to be associated with bovine papilloma virus
usually benign but loc usually req removal (eye, prepuse, limbs, girth). often recur.
“The great pretender” - mimcks other skin dz’s
tx w/ chemotherapy - immunocidin, radiation, sx excision, cryotherapy, prognosis guarded
What are squamous cell carcinoma?
most common cancerous skin tumor
in adult horses in unpigmented, unhaired skin (prepuse, vulva, eye, lips
tx w/ sx, cryo, chemo
good prognosis if caught early
What is a melanoma?
benign skin tumor
can be genetic in grey horses
black nodular round tumors - underside of tail, anus, genitals, lymph nodes, face
tx by benign neglect or de-bulking sx
How long do wounds usually take to heal?
1 year to fully “consolidate”
Which wounds are considered emergency?
any wound on knee/hock and below bc of synovial structures, tendons and ligaments. Around eyes (very painful and only two eyes!) excessive hemorrhage 10% of blood volume, non-weight bearing lameness, possible penetration of body cavity.
Wound quiz: 8yr QH gelding. Side caught on bolt when running out of stall. Large laceration on thorax and abdomen. What questions to ask? Emergency?
EMERGENCY!! Possible penetration of thorax/abdomen, blood loss, very large would will need repair
Wound quiz: 12yr pregnant QH mare. Chased thru fence by another eq. Large bulging wound on her abdomen
EMERGENCY
possible penetration of abdomen
vry lrg wound will need repair
wound quiz: 7yr QH mare. Wounded on heel bulb that owner noticed a week ago. Questions?
Are they lame, any hemorrhage
No, not lame, old wound
Wound quiz: 17yr QH/arabian cross, fresh wound on dorsal aspect of hock
EMERGENCY
Over top of synovial join structure. Possible penetration of joint
Wound quiz: 10yr clydsdale mare. Swollen leg w/ bloody discharge
emergency
non-weight bearing
active drainage
