Equine: Respiratory Flashcards
What airway sounds can be heard in upper vs lower respiratory system with dz/illness
upper - stridor
lower - stertor, crackles, wheezes
What is asphyxiation?
2nd to facial swelling, mass in larynx, stridor, strong inspiratory effort, in distress, blue/muddy MM b/c of hypoxia
How do we perform a tracheotomy?
junction of cranial/middle 1/3 trachea, midline incision, incise 1/3 diameter btw tracheal rings, insert tracheotomy tube or alternative
What is recurrent laryngeal neuropathy?
AKA left laryngeal hemiplegia AKA roarer
denervation of the recurrent nerve on the left side of larynx, unable to abduct left hemilarynx
sx by prostetic laryngoplasty to tie back
What is guttural pouch mycosis?
fungal growth on internal carotid artery of gutteral pouch
hx of intermittent epistaxis or single massive epistatis episode (emergent)
endoscopy to confirm
sx
What is strangles
streptococcus equi equi
high infectious
abscessation of the mandibular and retropharyngeal lymp nodes
typically in young eq, vx avail
NEVER ADMIT A HORSE INTO MAIN HOSPITAL SUSPECTED OF HAVING STRANGLES
What is asthma in horses?
Heaves - constriction of bronchioles secondary to allergen
mold spores in round bales
inc respiratory effort with expiratory push, frequent coughing - having trouble getting air out, not in. Have “heave line” and nostril flare
bronhioalveolar lavage for dx
steroids and bronchodilators as management, avoid allergens
What is exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage?
Bleeder
mild epistaxis following exertion
2ndary to transient high BP during intense exercise
upper airway endoscopy, BAL
What is pleuropneumonia?
shipping fever - mixed bact infection. Usually following trailer ride with head tied and hay net - high fever, reluctance to walk, mild cough, lethargy
req hospitalization and chest drains
cachexia, prognosis guarded
What is influenza and EHV-4?
two separate viral infections that present simularly
primarily yg horses in contact with new horses
fever, tachypnea, frequent coughing
inc risk of developing bact pleuropneumonia
EHV-1 can cause resp dz OR abortion OR neurologic signs
high fever + cough = nasal swab to rule out EHV-4
