Equine Medicine Exam V Flashcards
(153 cards)
1
Q
The upper eyelid controls__% of the blink reflex.
A
75%
2
Q
The ___ controls the amount of light coming into the eye. The ___ is needed for close vision. The ___ starts the visual process.
A
Iris; lens; retina
3
Q
Identify the ocular structures.
A
4
Q
Name the major outer, middle, and inner structures of the eye.
A
5
Q
What are the 3 main ophthalmic diseases of eye?
A
6
Q
What is wrong with this eye?
A
7
Q
Describe the use of smartphones during an ophthalmologic exam of the horse.
A
8
Q
Briefly describe the different nerve blocks we use to exam/treat the equine eye.
A
9
Q
List some obvious structures of the horse eye that you can assess grossly.
A
10
Q
How can use the orientation of a horse’s eyelashes to tell if they are in pain?
A
11
Q
Describe the role of the menace reflex when we exam a horse’s eye.
A
12
Q
Describe the role of the dazzle reflex when we exam a horse’s eye.
A
13
Q
Describe the role of the indirect PLR when we exam a horse’s eye.
A
14
Q
What is wrong with this eye?
A
15
Q
Why would a horse’s cornea be green?
A
16
Q
Why would a horse’s cornea be white?
A
17
Q
Why would a horse’s cornea be blue?
A
18
Q
Why would a horse’s cornea be red?
A
19
Q
What is wrong with this eye?
A
20
Q
A
21
Q
A
22
Q
What is wrong with this eye?
A
23
Q
What is wrong with this eye?
A
24
Q
What is wrong with this eye?
A
25
What are the indications and uses for fluorescein dye?
26
Corneal ulcers are best defined with ____.
27
What is the significance of this?
28
Why do we use cobalt blue UV lights in an equine ocular exam?
29
What is the clinical significance of erosion/abrasions?
30
How can we tell if an ulcer is really really deep?
31
Describe the importance of seidel’s test?
32
What is a TFBUT?
33
Describe the importance of cytology in equine ophthalmology.
34
What are some causes of iridocyclitis?
35
What are some early signs of uveitis in the horse?
36
What is wrong with this eye?
37
Describe the anatomical orientation of the equine cornea.
38
What are the different equine tear film parameters?
39
Identify the different ulcers in the horse.
40
What is wrong with this eye?
41
What is wrong with this eye?
42
What is the clinical significance of limbal stem cells?
43
Corneal healing occurs in two steps, what are they?
44
Briefly describe corneal healing in the horse.
45
Describe the clinical significance of proteases in corneal ulcers of the horse.
46
Too much enzymatic activity in the equine eye results in ____.
47
Every horse with a corneal ulcer has _____.
48
What are the different treatment pillars to managing a corneal ulcer in the horse?
49
What is wrong with this equine eye?
50
List out a comprehensive treatment plan for a superficial ulcer with minimal corneal tissue loss.
51
List some of the different anti fungal that we user in equine ophthalmology.
52
Why do we debride or burr corneal ulcers?
53
Melting ulcers require a ____.
54
What is wrong with this equine eye?
55
What is wrong with this equine eye?
56
What do corneal grooves indicate?
57
What are the different surgical treatments we have for deep ulcers, desmetoceles, and perforated ulcers?
58
What are the different medical treatments we have for deep ulcers, desmetoceles, and perforated ulcers?
59
What is the prognosis for an iris prolapse?
60
What is immune mediated epithelial keratitis?
61
What is chronic superficial stromal immune mediated keratitis?
62
What is chronic recurrent deep stromal immune mediated keratitis?
63
What is eosinophilic keratitis?
64
What is immune mediated endothelitis?
65
What is traumatic bullous keratopathy?
66
What is wrong with this eye?
67
What is the medical therapy for stromal abscesses in the horse?
68
Describe steep stromal abscesses in the horse.
69
What is wrong with this equine eye?
70
What is wrong with this eye?
71
What is calcific band keratopathy?
72
____ is the most common cause of blindness in the horse.
Uveitis
73
The uveal tract has __x the blood supply the brain.
10
74
Identify the structures.
75
How is uveitis similar to laminitis?
76
Uveitis starts as a _____ compromise.
77
Name the different types of uveitis in the horse.
78
What are some early signs of anterior uveitis?
79
What is iritis?
80
What is cyclitis?
81
What is aqueous flare?
82
What is happening to this eye?
83
What is happening to this eye?
84
What is choroiditis?
85
ERU is a ____ problem of ____ in the horse. It has a ___ phase and ___ phase.
86
Describe lymphocytes infiltration as as a component of ERU.
87
What is the relationship between vaccination and the development of ERU?
88
What vaccines should we avoid in horses with ERU?
89
What is moon blindness?
90
ERU is worse is which breed?
91
What are the clinical signs of ERU?
92
Describe TPA as a treatment for ERU.
93
What is the relationship between chorioretinitis and ERU?
94
What is happening to this eye?
95
What is happening to this eye?
96
What is the topical medical treatment for ERU?
97
How do we give a horse a vitreous injection?
98
What is the systemic medical therapy for ERU?
99
Describe IRAP as a treatment option for ERU.
100
What is the surgical treatment for ERU?
101
Describe the use of cyclosporine A implants for the treatment of ERU.
102
What is the TCVM’s recommendations for treatment of uveitis in the horse?
103
What is happening to this eye?
104
What is the cause of equine glaucoma?
105
What are the clinical signs of equine glaucoma?
106
Differentiate between the ciliary angles.
107
Is this normal?
108
Is this normal?
109
What is wrong here?
110
What is wrong with this horse eye?
111
What is a normal IOP for a horse?
112
Where should a horses’s head be when measuring their IOP?
113
What is wrong with this equine eye?
114
What is wrong with this equine eye?
115
What is wrong with this equine eye?
116
What is the recommended medical therapy for equine glaucoma?
117
What is the surgical therapy for equine glaucoma?
118
Describe the use of an intravitreal injection as a treatment option for equine glaucoma.
119
The uvea is composed of the ___, ____, and ___, It has ___ and ____ segments.
120
Identify the structures.
121
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
122
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
123
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
124
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
125
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
126
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
127
Identify the pathology in this horse eye.
128
Identify the anatomy of the equine lens.
129
When is the lens in the eye? What holds it in place?
130
How do horses get cataracts? Which ones are progressive?
131
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
132
133
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
134
What are the treatment options for uveitic cataracts?
135
You should always assess the retina for ____.
136
Identify the structures.
137
If you can easily see the ____, that indicates that the optic nerve is atrophied.
138
Exposure of the ____ indicates demyelination.
139
The left image is normal, what is wrong with the right image?
140
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
141
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
142
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
143
What are the dots?
144
What is the etiology of congenital stationary night blindness?
145
What are the clinical signs of congenital stationary night blindness?
146
____ is rarely seen in its active state in a funduscopic exam.
147
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
148
____ and ____ are commonly found in the eyes of newborn foals.
149
Describe retinal detachments in the horse.
150
Identify the pathology in the equine eye.
151
Describe traumatic optic neuropathy in the horse.
152
What are some causes of acute blindness in the horse?
153
What is the treatment for optic nerve trauma?
