Equine Nutrition

Question 1

what is the range of percent cost spent of horse feed

Answer 1

26-40%

Question 2

challenges in implementing good equine feeding programs

Answer 2

-large range in horse size
-most owners concentrate by volume not weight
-forage and concentrate fed separately

Question 3

dominant anatomical feature of digestive tract from right side

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

dominant anatomical feature of digestive tract from left side

Answer 4

intestines

Question 5

how much forage(in relation to BW) is recommended

Answer 5

1% of BW

Question 6

T/F you can feed a horse as low as .75% of BW in forage

Answer 6

TRUE. only if requirements are too high to balance at 1% of BW

Question 7

T/F horses are more susceptible to nitrate toxicity than ruminants

Answer 7

FALSE. they are less susceptable

Question 8

which equine physiological state has the highest CP requirements

Answer 8

nursing foals/weanlings
16-18%

Question 9

which physiological state has the lowest CP requirements

Answer 9

mature, idle
8-10%

Question 10

physiological CP requirements(low to high)

Answer 10

mature idle
mature exercising
two year olds
yearlings and lactating mare
nursing foals/weanlings

Question 11

what are nutrient:calorie ratios important for

Answer 11

EAA
minerals

Question 12

what is the N:C ratio expressed as

Answer 12

g nutrient/Mcal DE

Question 13

who has the highest N:C ratio

Answer 13

nursing foals

Question 14

importance of meeting N:C requirements in nursing foals

Answer 14

-optimal growth
-minimize orthopedic disease

Question 15

Ca:P minimum ratio for horses

Answer 15

1:1

Question 16

effects of inverted Ca:P ratio

Answer 16

skeletal disorders

Question 17

concentrate feeds with inverted Ca:P ratio

Answer 17

oats
corn
SBM
Wheat middlings
oat bran

Question 18

roughage feeds with inverted Ca:P ratio

Answer 18

mature alfalfa
red clover
bermudagrass
cottonseed hulls
citrus pulp

Question 19

T/F equine sweat is hypertonic? why is that important?

Answer 19

TRUE. horses that sweat a lot lose electrolytes

Question 20

which microminerals are important for growth, immune, and reproductive health

Answer 20

Cu
Zn
Mn
Se

Question 21

Thiamine uses

Answer 21

-regulate energy metabolism
-positively effects appetite
-lower blood acetate levels

Question 22

good source of thiamine

Answer 22

brewers yeast

Question 23

benefits of biotin

Answer 23

improve hoof integrity

Question 24

T/F adding biotin will show hoof improvement within a few days

Answer 24

FALSE. it will take 6-8 months

Question 25

BCS range for equine

Answer 25

1(skinny)-9(fat)

Question 26

desired equine BCS at foaling

Answer 26

6

Question 27

types of broodmares

Answer 27

open/maiden pregnant lactating

Question 28

open mare energy requirements

Answer 28

-lowest of the three -feed mares to meet maintenance

Question 29

what should a mares BCS be at start of breeding season

Answer 29

6-7

Question 30

2 place you should you transition mare to higher N:DE ratio

Answer 30

start of 3rd trimester at foaling

Question 31

what length after foaling is milk production the highest

Answer 31

2-3 months

Question 32

creep feed rations

Answer 32

-assume low forage intake -highly palatable -high quality protein high N:DE

Question 33

developmental orthopedic diseases

Answer 33

epiphysis osteochondrosis contracted tendons degenerative joint disease

Question 34

causes of orthopedic diseases

Answer 34

genetics nutrient imbalance rapid growth early exercise

Question 35

forage concentrate ratio for rapidly growing horses

Answer 35

60:40

Question 36

T/F protein:energy ratio is elevated as exercise increases

Answer 36

FALSE. CP requirements dont increase as much as energy requirements do

Question 37

how much fat can horses have in their diet

Answer 37

10-15%

Question 38

benefits of adding fat to horse diet

Answer 38

-improves cutting and racing -improved glycogen storage -longer work before entering anaerobic glycolysis

Question 39

how long should you take to switch supplement

Answer 39

1 week

Question 40

how long should you take to switch diets

Answer 40

3 weeks

Question 41

ways to improve individual feeding

Answer 41

-dont feed on the ground -keep troughs clean -slow aggressive eaters

Question 42

ways to improve group feeding

Answer 42

-provide adequate space -use individual feeders -feed dominant horse first -feed supplement over large area

Question 43

supplement feeding frequency rule of thumb

Answer 43

-feed twice a day if intake is greater than .5% of BW -when feeding concentrate supplements wait at least 8 hours per meal -feed regularly at the same time each day