Equipment

Question 1

What are the two main types of radar systems?

Answer 1

1. Primary, non-cooperative
2. Secondary, cooperative

Question 2

Can the a/c see on which radial of the NDB it’s flying towards the NDB?

Answer 2

No, a NDB is a Non Directional Beacon. You can only see where the NDB is relative from the a/c.

Question 3

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a VLF (Very Low Frequency)

Answer 3

Frequency spectrum: 3-30KHz
Wavelength 100km-10km

Question 4

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a LF (Low Frequency)

Answer 4

Frequency spectrum: 30-300KHz
Wavelength: 10km-1km

Question 5

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a MF (Medium Frequency)

Answer 5

Frequency spectrum: 300KHz-3MHz
Wavelength: 1km-100m

Question 6

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a HF (High Frequency)

Answer 6

Frequency spectrum: 3-30MHz
Wavelength: 100m-10m

Question 7

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a VHF (Very High Frequency)

Answer 7

Frequency spectrum: 30-300MHz
Wavelength: 10m-1m

Question 8

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a UHF (Ultra High Frequency)

Answer 8

Frequency spectrum: 300MHz-3GHz
Wavelength: 1m-10cm

Question 9

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a SHF (Super High Frequency)

Answer 9

Frequency spectrum: 3-30GHz
Wavelength: 10cm-1cm

Question 10

What are the frequency spectrum and wave length of a EHF (Extremely High Frequency)

Answer 10

Frequency spectrum: 30-300GHz
Wavelength: 1cm-1mm

Question 11

What information does the Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) provide you with?

Answer 11

The identifier code and the Altitude

Question 12

What VHF frequency range is utilized for radio communication?

Answer 12

118.0MHz - 136.975 MHz

Question 13

What are the 7 central minimum factors that are included in the ATIS?

Answer 13

Runway(s) in use, Wind, Visibility, Weather, Clouds, Temperature, Dew point, Atmospheric Pressure

Question 14

At what frequency do the VOR and the ILS operate, and how do they overcome their overlap

Answer 14

VOR: 108 - 117.975MHz
ILS: 108 - 112 MHz

They overcome it by leaving the leaving the even decimals for the VOR, and odd decimals for the ILS

Question 15

What is the spacing used between VHF radio frequencies?

Answer 15

8.33 kHz, which used to be 25 kHz

Question 16

How many different squawk codes can a mode A and/or mode C transponder squawk?

Answer 16

4096

Question 17

At what frequency does a SSR transmit an interrogation to a transponder? And at what frequency does the transponder send a signal back?

Answer 17

1030 MHz from SSR to transponder
1090 MHz from transponder to SSR

Question 18

What is the purpose of a SELCAL datalink system?

Answer 18

Relieve the pilots from listening to static HF noise for a long time, by alerting the pilots when ATC is “calling” them

Question 19

What is the frequency band of VHF RT?

Answer 19

118.0 MHz - 136.975 MHz
8,33 KHz spacing

Question 20

What are the 3 types of messages that can be send via ACARS?

Answer 20

ATC - Air Traffic Control
AOC - Aeronautical Operational Control
AAC - Airline Administrative Control

Question 21

Can ADS-B send the a/c GPS position without interogation?

Answer 21

Yes, the squitter sends continuesly.

Question 22

Is ADS-B only used by Aircraft?

Answer 22

No also for vehicles on an aerodrome

Question 23

What do the letter of ADS-B stand for?

Answer 23

Automatic - always on
Dependant - system relies upon very accurate GNSS navigation data
Surveillance - Provides aircraft position, heading, speed, altitude, identification and other data
Broadcast - No interrogation required. Data broadcast to any ADS-B station / receiver.

Question 24

What are the aircraft requirements for ADS-B?

Answer 24

GPS navigation capability
Mode-S transponder
Avionics capable of providing correct data
Correct connections between the three

Question 25

What are the three ADS-C types contracts?

Answer 25

Periodic - time interval (for example weather data) Demand - only once Event - everytime the event takes place

Question 26

How many aircraft can a DME provide with distance info at the same time?

Answer 26

Approximately 200 aircraft (checked with Anders)

Question 27

What is the frequency band of a NDB?

Answer 27

190 - 1750 kHz

Question 28

Which safety layers can be added to an ATC workstation

Answer 28

STCA MTCD MSAW APW

Question 29

With attenuation of a radio wave, what is decreasing? The wavelength, amplitude or frequency?

Answer 29

The amplitude decreases but the wavelength and frequency remain unchanged.

Question 30

What is diurnal variation?

Answer 30

The height of the Ionosphere changes throughout the day, it lowers during the day.

Question 31

With a PSR what is Pulse Repitition Frequency [PRF] & Pulse Repitition Interval [PRI]

Answer 31

PRF: Number of pulses transmitted in a second PRI: Time available for both transmitting, receiving and "deadtime"

Question 32

If a SSR iterogates an a/c with two pulses 21 microseconds apart, what kind of request is it?

Answer 32

Mode C request Spacing between pulses for Mode A is 8,5 microseconds

Question 33

What does F.R.U.I.T. stand for?

Answer 33

False Replies Un-synchronised In Time

Question 34

What are the four components of a FMS?

Answer 34

Flight Manager Computer (FMC) Automatic Flight Control (AFCS) - Generally the autopilot Aircraft Navigation System Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS)

Question 35

What are the four types of responses an aircrew can give to ATC?

Answer 35

WILCO UNABLE STANDBY ATC message (free text)

Question 36

How many different unique codes can be generated within use of Mode S?

Answer 36

24 bit address: more than 16,75 million codes.

Question 37

What where the two implementation stages of SSR Mode S in Europe?

Answer 37

Elementary Surveillance (ELS): Only 24 bit code / call sign Enhanced Surveillance (EHS): Selected heading, speeds, selected altitude reporting in 25ft intervals

Question 38

When no flight plan is filed, what does the mode S transponder report?

Answer 38

Aircraft registration

Question 39

What reference is used for the transmission of vertical position data by mode C?

Answer 39

standard ICAO atmosphere pressure 1013.25 hPa