Human Factors Flashcards
(51 cards)
What are the 4 parts of the competence wheel?
- Unaware incompetent
- Aware incompetent
- Aware competent
- Unaware competent
What are the 3 learning strategies?
- Deep learners: make a serious attempt to turn other’s ideas into their personalized knowledge
- Surface learners: simply scrape the surface of the study material, without any deep processing
- Strategic learners: consciously set out to achieve the highest possible grades
What are the 4 types of learners?
- Activists: Learning by doing
- Reflectors: Learning by observing and thinking
- Theorists: Like to have the theory behind the action
- Pragmatists: Learning by trying things out
What is Kolb’s learning cycle, and how does it relate to the 4 types of learners?
- Experiencing, related to activists
- Reviewing, related to reflectors
- Concluding, related to theorists
- Planning, related to pragmatists
What are the 3 levels of situational awareness?
- Perception of elements in current situation
- Comprehension of current situation
- Projection of future status
What are the 3 areas of applied human factors?
Physical ergonomics
Cognitive ergonomics
Sociotechnical systems analysis
What are the three components of the sociotechnical systems approach?
Assets, Process, People
What is the definition of the individual approach?
The system is basically safe and has to be protected against unreliable individuals in it.
Human Error causes incidents: humans are the main contributors to accidents and incidents.
Failures are unpleasant surprises that do not belong in the system: mainly they are introduced by the inherent unreliability of individuals.
What is the definition of the systems perspective?
Systems are inherently flawed as a consequence of:
Production pressures, resource constraints, goal conflicts etc
It is people who create succes including safety on a daily basis by means of their: skillfulness, flexibility, ability to identify and forestall risk.
Human Factors in ATS systems contain interaction with? Name 3 components.
People, Procedures, Equipment
What are the components of the SHELL model?
Software, Hardware, Environment, LIveware and Liveware in the middle
What are Liveware - Software interfaces in the SHELL model?
Where humans interact with electronic or mechanical systems.
Example: all the weather info we get from sensors.
As controler be aware of the dangers in misinterpreting.
What are Liveware - Hardware interfaces in the SHELL model?
With everything you touch
Adjustable tables vs static tables with one height.
Humans are excellent at adapting to mismatches with hardware.
What are Liveware - Environment interfaces in the SHELL model?
These are found in all aspects of our surroundings.
Examples:
Temperature in the room / cockpit
Sun glare through the tower/cockpit windows
What are Liveware - Liveware interfaces in the SHELL model?
Every time other people are involved.
Every other person is vulnerable to the same shortcomings as we are, so the potential for error is multiplied.
What are the two types of unintended Actions in the taxonomy of unsafe acts?
Slip, Lapse
Which three types of violations are there?
Routine, optimizing, necessary violations
What are the three types of intended actions?
Mistakes, Violation, Sabotage
What are latent conditions in the taxonomy of unsafe acts?
Personal factors, environmental factors and social (organizational) factors.
What are functional barriers?
Impeding action from being carried out. Pre-conditions has to be met before an action can be carried out.
What are three areas in relation to stress?
Area of Control
Area of Influence
Are of Interest
If you have a high degree of control but the demand is low, you are feeling?
Low Strain
If you have a high degree of control and the demand is high, you are feeling?
Active and motivated
To establish balance, what must we consider?
The demands and resources
